What are the characteristics of Indian epics

The characteristics of the Indian epic:

1. The story written in the epic is not a general intra-kingly dispute, but a struggle between two types of rulers who are in marked opposition, the weak against the strong, the insulted and damaged against the insulted and damaged, and the nobleman who suffers from exile and persecution and thus is close to the people, against the arrogant and brutal aristocrat who is on the throne.

The tone of the book is to glorify the forces of justice, represented by Kenjun, and to condemn the forces of evil, represented by Nandi. Kian War is just, humble, and merciful, while Difficult Enemy is greedy, arrogant, and cruel. Nandi's perversions are so unpopular that even some elders of the Juru tribe sympathize with and defend the Bundu tribe. The epic expresses the wish of the people to be unified by a more virtuous ruler rather than a tyrannical one in the chaotic world.

2. Throughout the epic is the philosophical system of law. "Law" is the structural order of society as a state, but also a code of conduct that everyone should abide by. Law and non-law set the standard of right and wrong, good and evil. This idea is expressed graphically using epic stories, interpreting the last surviving eldest son of the Bundu clan, Kin War, as the embodiment and victory of the Law.

3. For more than a thousand years there have been various interpretations of the main story of the epic. Hindus believe that Rama is a god and thus see the epics as holy books.

4. The epics arose at a stage in India's history when the country was in transition from a slave society to a feudal society, and what was preached in the books was already feudal moral dogma. It glorifies the emerging landowning class and shows the author's concern for the purity of the succession to the throne by vigorously promoting monogamy and emphasizing the chastity of women.

Extended information:

Brief description of the two major epics of India:

Two major epics of India:

The Ramayana:

The Ramayana and the other longer epic, the Mahabharata, are the foundations of Indian culture and have had a considerable role in the development of Indian literature and religion. The place of Rama in Indian culture is even equivalent to the place of Jesus in the culture of Christendom.

The Ramayana was written no earlier than 300 B.C.E. Chapters 2 through 6 are the original, and Chapters 1 and 7 were probably added later (no earlier than 200 B.C.E.) The original portrayed Rama as an ideal hero, but the later additions described Rama as an incarnation of Vishnu, and the writing in the two parts was inconsistent.

The original book projected the war between Rama and Ravana, the king of the Rakshasa devas, to have taken place 880,147 years before 2005, based on the Vedic system, and the traditional Indian calendars were compiled on the basis of this projection, but it is not accepted by modern historians.

Indian tradition considers Rama to be an incarnation of Vishnu, who killed the demon king Ropona and established religious and moral standards on earth, and the god once promised anthills that people would still need to read the Ramayana as long as mountains and seas existed.

The Mahabharata:

Mahabharata (天城文?〉) IASTMahābhārata), translated as "Mahāparāda", is one of the two most famous Sanskrit epics of ancient India, the other being the Ramayana. The surviving copy of the Mahabharata was compiled on the basis of an epic poem, which is not only a long heroic epic, but also contains a large number of legends as interludes, as well as religious and philosophical writings and works in the nature of a code of laws, and is therefore very long in length.

The Mahabharata was written over a period of eight hundred years, from about the fourth century BC to the fourth century AD. It was composed and recited orally over a long period of time, expanding its content and accumulating it in layers. It was written at a time when India was transforming itself from a primitive tribal society into a national society, and from Brahminism in the Vedic period into Neo-Brahminism (i.e., Hinduism) in the epic period.

The epic, set in the era of Indian statecraft, depicts the struggle between the two descendants of the Brahmins for succession to the throne, which ultimately leads to a great war. Although there were victories and defeats, the outcome of the war was a historical tragedy in which almost all the soldiers on both sides died on the battlefield.

Baidu Encyclopedia - Ramayana

Baidu Encyclopedia - The Mahabharata