The origin and original use of kites?

Kites originated in the Spring and Autumn Period and have a history of more than 2,000 years. According to legend, "Mozi is a wooden kite, which was made in three years and lost in one day." In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, kites began to be a tool for transmitting information. Since the Sui and Tang Dynasties, due to the development of the paper industry, people began to use paper to paste kites. Flying kites became a popular outdoor activity in the Song Dynasty. Song people's meticulous "Old Wulin Events" wrote: "During the Qingming Festival, people fly kites in the suburbs and return at sunset." "Kite" means kite. There are vivid kite-flying scenes in Zhang Zeduan's The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival in the Northern Song Dynasty and Su Hanchen's The Hundred Poems in the Song Dynasty. Nowadays, flying kites in China plays an important role in foreign cultural exchanges, strengthening friendship with people all over the world, and developing economy and tourism.

Related history

/kloc-in the 3rd century, the Italian Kyle Poirot returned to Europe from China and spread all over the world. According to ancient records: "In the Five Dynasties, Li Zheng made a paper kite in the palace to attract kites to ride the wind as a play, and then used bamboo as the flute head to make the wind enter the bamboo, making it sound like A Zheng, hence the name kite." So those who can't make a sound are called "paper kites", and those who can make a sound are called "kites". Ancient kites were used as military reconnaissance tools, and also recorded the history of ranging, crossing risks and carrying people. During the Han Dynasty, Chu and Han contended with each other. Han Xin once made a big kite, fitted it with bamboo whistle and bowstring, and floated out of Chu camp at night to make it make strange noises, so as to break the morale of Chu army. In the Northern Qi Dynasty, in Levin, people tied people's wings and made them jump off a tall tower and die. This is the so-called "Sheng". Southern and Northern Dynasties-Kites were once used as a communication tool for asking for help. When he was in Liang Wudi, Hou Jing surrounded Taicheng. Bamboo slips tasted like paper kites, but he was in a hurry. The result was shot down and lost. Taicheng fell, and Liang Wudi starved to death, leaving this story of a kite calling for help. In the Tang Dynasty, kites originally used for military purposes gradually changed into entertainment purposes, flying kites in the palace. In the Song Dynasty, kites were used for physical exercise. When people are in Tomb-Sweeping Day, they fly kites high and far, then cut the strings and let them take away the mildew accumulated in a year. Ming Dynasty-Kites were loaded with explosives, and the fuse on kites was detonated according to the principle of "kite collision", so as to kill the enemy. Qingganlong-that is, there are two pieces of paper to control the detailed size and description of the kite. During the Japanese occupation era, flying kites was forbidden for military reasons, because bright kites could send information to the enemy and provide targets for aircraft bombing. In World War II, the US military used stunt kites as moving targets for shooting training. 1980, kites began to be widely loved, except for the initial double line, which evolved into three-line and four-line technical kites or stunt kites.

Historical origin

The true origin of kites is now impossible to prove. Some folklorists believe that the ancients invented kites mainly to miss the sophisticated relatives and friends, so when the death gate of Tomb-Sweeping Day was briefly opened, they pinned their sympathy on kites and gave them to their deceased relatives and friends. Kites were called "kites" in ancient times and "kites" in the north. Most people think that kites originated in China and then spread all over the world. This is a traditional folk handicraft. In fact, the earliest kites in China were made of wood. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Mo Zhai (478-392 BC), a philosopher of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, flew into the sky with a wooden kite for three years. Mozi was in Lushan (now Weifang, Shandong). "It took three years to build a stork, and it failed in one day." . This means that Mozi has been researching and trial-producing for three years, and finally made a wooden bird out of wood, but it broke down after only one day's flight. This wooden kite made by Mozi is the earliest kite and the earliest kite in the world. (about 300 BC), 2400 years ago. It was not until Cai Lun invented papermaking in the Eastern Han Dynasty that people began to make kites out of paper, which is called "paper kites". Therefore, it can be inferred that China kites have a history of more than 2,000 years. Mozi passed on his kite-making career to his students' open class (also called Luban). Lu Wen said that Lu Ban made kites out of bamboo according to Mo Zhai's ideal and design. Lu Ban split the bamboo, cut it into smooth slices, roasted it with fire, made it look like a magpie, and flew in the air for three days. The book "Hongshu" says: "The public transport team made wooden kites to see Song Cheng". At first, kites were usually used as military tools, as a means of triangulation signals, sky wind direction measurement and communication. Just like in the Spring and Autumn Period, Lu Ban made a wooden kite to see Song Cheng. In BC 190, Chu and Han contended, and Han and Han Xin attacked Weiyang Palace to measure the distance under the tunnel with kites. In the Battle of Gaixia, Xiang Yu's army was besieged by Liu Bang's army. Han Xin sent people to make kites out of cowhide and put bamboo flutes on them, and the wind rang (it is said that Sean played flutes with kites). The Han army played flute and sang Chu songs, which dispersed the morale of the Chu army. This is the story of the idiom "Embattled". There are also records about kites in the official history, which are earlier than the Five Dynasties. One is the Hou Jing Rebellion in the Southern Dynasties, when Liang Wudi was besieged by Hou Jing and the city walls were besieged. He used to fly kites for help. According to Hou Jing Biography, Volume 80 of Nan Shi, in the third year of Liang Wudi (AD 549), Hou Jing made an insurrection, and the rebels besieged Liang Wudi in Jianye, Du Liang (now Nanjing), and were cut off from inside and outside. Someone proposed to be a paper crow and tie the imperial edict to it. At that time, the prince's suicide note was left outside Taijitang, asking for help in the northwest wind, but it was discovered by the rebels. This is the story of Jane Wen's unfortunate failure to fly a kite for help. According to legend, in the 5th century BC, the Greek Alkell Das invented the kite, but it was later lost. It was not until13rd century that the Italian Kyle Poirot returned to Europe from China that kites began to spread in the west. According to other textual research, it spread to Korea in the tenth century, then to Japan, and to Europe in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. There is also a story about flying kites in America. At that time, people thought that lightning and flash were the roar of religious gods and caused fear. Franklin used kites to prove that lightning and flash are air discharges and invented the lightning rod. The Hometown of Kites-Weifang, Shandong Province

[Edit this paragraph] Kite culture

Chinese kite

Kites originated in China, and the earliest kites were made by the ancient philosopher Mo Zhai. After the China kite came out, it was quickly used to transmit information and fly over obstacles and other military needs. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, due to the emergence of the paper industry, kites were made of paper paste, which quickly spread to the people and became people's entertainment toys. Kites have a history of more than 2,000 years in China. From the traditional China kites, we can see the shadows of auspicious meanings and auspicious patterns everywhere. In the long years, our ancestors not only created exquisite calligraphy and painting that condensed the wisdom of the Chinese nation, but also created many patterns that reflected people's yearning and pursuit for a better life and implied good luck. It gives people the meaning of happiness, auspiciousness and blessing through the image of the pattern; It combines the appreciation habits of the masses, reflects people's kind and healthy thoughts and feelings, and permeates our national traditions and folk customs, so it is widely circulated among the people and deeply loved by people. Kites with a history of more than 2,000 years have been integrated into and influenced by the traditional culture of China. In China's traditional kites, such auspicious meanings can be seen everywhere: "Longevity is better than Nanshan Mountain, Longevity is better than Nanshan Mountain", "Dragon and Phoenix are auspicious", "A hundred butterflies are in spring", "Carp yue longmen", "Ma Gu offers longevity", "Birds return to the phoenix", "Fish all the year round" and "Peace in the four seasons". Auspicious patterns use figures, animals, flowers and birds, utensils and other images and some auspicious words, take folk proverbs, auspicious words and fairy stories as themes, and form an artistic form of "one auspicious word and one pattern" by means of metaphor, analogy, pun, symbol and homophonic expression, which endows people with the meaning of seeking good luck, avoiding disasters and taking refuge, and places their hopes on happiness, longevity and celebration. Because of its figurative meaning and auspicious patterns, it combines scenery with things, so its theme is distinct and prominent, its conception is ingenious, it is full of fun, its style is unique and its national color is strong. For example, the pattern of fly with me with a pair of phoenix birds facing the sun is called "Double Phoenix Rising Sun", which has rich meanings and changeable patterns, and embodies people's healthy enterprising spirit and pursuit of happiness. The auspicious patterns in China are rich in content, including "seeking happiness", "longevity", "celebrating" and "auspicious", among which the patterns seeking happiness are the most. Pursuit of happiness: people have the same pursuit of happiness. Bat is homophonic with "all happiness" and "all wealth" Although its image is not beautiful, it is fully beautified and regarded as an auspicious pattern symbolizing "happiness". Kites with bats as patterns abound. For example, in the traditional Jingshayan kite, the whole rigid arm can be painted with beautified bats, represented by "Yan Fu". Other kites with implications include "Blessed in Happiness", "Blessed with Eyes", "Five Blessingg's Birthday", "Five Blessingg's Birthday", "Five Blessingg's Monkey" and "Five Blessingg's Birthday". Hong Fan of Zhou Dynasty wrote "Five Blessingg": First, longevity, second, wealth, third, corning, and fourth, togetherness. "Being virtuous" means being virtuous, and "dying after the exam" means dying well. According to Five Blessingg's morality, happiness includes wealth and longevity. Other auspicious patterns used for praying include "Fish" and "Ruyi" (Ruyi was originally a bamboo stick, so it was named because it can scratch places that people can't reach). The auspicious patterns and kites related to this are: Fish every year, Many blessings, Carp yue longmen, All the best, All the best and Peace. Longevity: Throughout the ages, people hope to live a long and healthy life. There are many patterns to express and celebrate longevity: evergreen pines and cypresses, cranes and colorful birds that are said to live for a thousand years, Ganoderma lucidum that is said to live for a hundred years, and Xiantao, the Queen Mother of the West, which can make people live forever. There are more than 300 glyphs that pursue and express longevity, and the changes are extremely rich. The word "Wan" originated from Buddhism, which means "Up to Wan". In Shayan kites, the waist pattern is mostly a rotating "ten thousand" pattern. The auspicious patterns and kites related to this are: "Celebrating the birthday of Xiangyun" and "Celebrating the birthday of the Eight Immortals". Celebration: Express people's beautiful, happy and happy mood. There are many shapes of happy characters, and "Xi" is a common festive pattern. Magpie is the symbol of flying a kite. There are "hi" kites and "hi-hi" kites touching and so on. Kites and auspicious patterns related to this are: beaming, climbing, beaming, longevity and happiness. Festive patterns are also very interesting, such as butterflies, birds, flowers, baiji, longevity, happiness, and happiness, such as "a hundred birds fly at the phoenix". Happy marriage, harmony between husband and wife, Yuanyang kite, etc. Auspicious: Dragon and Phoenix Kirin is an imaginary animal. Turtles were a symbol of longevity in ancient times, and were later replaced by turtle back patterns. It is particularly important to emphasize the topic of dragons. China is a country that worships dragons. In our country, dragon has a special meaning. Dragon is a magical creature with antlers, bull's head, python's body, fish scales and eagle's claws. It is regarded as a symbol of ancient civilization in China. Traditional auspicious patterns composed of birds, animals and other images include "Dragon and Phoenix are auspicious", "Dragon Playing with Beads", "Cai Feng Qi Fei" and "A hundred birds are flying towards the phoenix". Chinese traditional kites-long string kites with centipedes, especially large dragon kites, are loved by people for their spectacular flight scenes and majestic momentum.

other countries

The characteristics and customs of kites in different countries have different views on the origin of kites, but most people still believe that kites originated in China and spread to all countries in the 8th century. Generally speaking, because the Asian region is rich in bamboo, it is suitable for all kinds of free-form curve structure design, and combined with myths and legends, so the kite shape is ever-changing and full of personal color; In western countries, due to the lack of bamboo, most kites are made of glass fiber or carbon fiber. The shape and color of kites are bright and simple, and most of them are expressed in simple color blocks. However, due to the differences in materials, climate and folk customs, kites of various shapes have evolved. For example, after Shayan in the north spread to Southeast Asia, it was transformed into various moon kites in Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines, India, Thailand and other places. However, hard rackets and rice-shaped structures spread to South Korea and developed into wind-hole kites. It spread to Japan and all over the world in the style of ukiyo-e painting. As for kites spread to Europe and America, bellows, wings and cross structures are the main designs, so geometric patterns such as three-dimensional modeling and delta wings are the mainstream. Malaysia: The legend is beautiful. Malaysians like flying kites, which can be traced back centuries. It is said to be a tribute to the god of rice. There is a legend that a long time ago, a poor farmer met a lost girl in the field. He took the girl home and raised her carefully. The longer the girl grows, the more beautiful she is, and the harvest of him and the villagers is getting better and better. But his wife was jealous and kicked the girl out of the house. Since then, the harvest performance of crops in the village has become worse and worse. It turns out that that beautiful girl is the rice god. Someone told him that he had to make a beautiful thing and put it in the place of MiShen in the air to express his regret to her. The farmer made a kite. With the introduction of kites, people's lives have become rich again. The length of Malaysian kites is generally between one and two meters, and the width and length are similar. Kites are carefully made. First, choose bamboo that grows in the east. It is said that this can ensure that the sun god will always be attached to the kite to accompany you through your life. Malaysian kites are shaped like fish, eagles, cats and parrots. However, people like the moon kite best. The moon kite is named after its crescent shape. Some kites are like birds, others like fish, but they all have crescent-shaped features. On official occasions, Malay girls often greet guests with exquisite and beautiful moon kites. The Malaysian government often organizes kite competitions. Malaysia Airlines also uses kites as its logo. Japan: When the unique ukiyo-e kite was introduced to Japan, it was generally believed that China sent an envoy to the Tang Dynasty and brought it to Japan from China. After kites were introduced to Japan, they were originally used to convey information to colleagues, and it was not until the Edo era that they spread among the people. Most of the early kites were rectangular and golden semicircles without any decoration. In the Meiji era, the ukiyo-e style formed the unique style of Japanese kites, which enhanced the artistic and appreciation value of kites. Korea: Snowstorm kites are unique. South Korea has developed its own representative kite-snow kite, which is transformed from a herringbone kite. Generally, herringbone kites are combined with cross and diagonal skeletons to strengthen the structure and increase the wind force. South Korea's wind cave kite, on the other hand, further digs a wind cave on the plane, skillfully uses the position of wind and exhaust, turns the leeward into buoyancy, and makes the action of the kite more flexible. It is a kind of combat kite. Thailand: Kites are different for men and women. Kites in Thailand are different between men and women. The male kite is called a bird kite and the female kite is called a fish kite. Bird Zheng is generally 2 meters high, also known as "Guess Langkang"; The fish kite is shaped like a diamond, also known as "Bai Bao", and it must be controlled by seven women when flying. February to April is the traditional kite-flying season, and many kite competitions are often held. Holland: The world's largest Dutch kite was once made, with no skeleton and mostly made of nylon cloth and plastic paper. 1984, the Netherlands showed the world's largest kite, which has no skeleton and is made of nylon cloth. Before flying, it must be inflated and towed by an 8-ton car. Britain: Kite Surveillance Submarine In Britain, kites were originally used as one of aviation devices. In the 1920s, advertising with kites was a common propaganda technique. During World War II, Britain manned German submarines with kites. In the 1940s, the British Navy also deployed kites on destroyers as a defense against air strikes. USA: The stunt kite originated from flying kites by unmanned aerial vehicles, which is regarded as a sport for all ages in Xian Yi. Most popular kites are made of nylon cloth, so they are not afraid of wind and rain. After the invention of the soft kite in 1956, it can not only be supported by nylon cloth or plastic material when flying, but also be folded up, which is quite convenient to carry. The stunt kite, which is quite popular now, is said to be designed according to the target machine of missile shooting test.

[Edit this paragraph] Skills overview

General situation of kite art

China kite has a long history and superb skills, which has long been recognized by the world. However, if we want to study it carefully, there are not many detailed information about kites in China, let alone the specific skills of kites in China. China legend Cao Xueqin's Kite Flying in the South and Kite Flying in the North are the monographs of China's kite flying skills. But so far, not only have I not seen the full text of this book, but even whether this statement is true or not, and whether Cao Shi does have a manuscript collection, there is still a lack of sufficient circumstantial materials. The academic circles are still arguing and there is no conclusion. Subjectively, we hope that Cao Shi or other ancestors can leave a valuable book about China's kite skills for future generations to inherit and develop. But hope can't replace the fact. We can only wait for new discoveries in this respect. In addition, there are some popular spectral formulas. For example, it is said that Song Huizong's "Xuan He Kite Spectrum" is an earlier book, but it has not been seen so far. There are also forms collected by various kite families or kite players, some of which can still be found today. Although China's music forms have their limitations, they are valuable materials. It is worth mentioning that the book Kite Spectrum written by Jin Tiean in the 1930 s is more valuable, but there are no drawings, which may be limited by the printing and publishing conditions and funds at that time. In addition to "spectrum", China also has a precious material-"strips", that is, the standard bamboo strips used to make a kite skeleton, which are generally passed down from generation to generation in families that produce kites in large quantities. For example, there is a bundle of "strips" handed down from generation to generation in the Kite Ha family in Beijing. This makes up for the shortage that there is only a picture on the spectrum without a skeleton or only a skeleton without specific changes in the size and thickness of bamboo strips, which makes the spread of kite skills more complete. Besides words, pictures and objects, the skills of China folk arts and crafts are mainly taught by word of mouth, which is the "formula" used by folk artists. This is a "Song formula" or "cut" for teaching, memorizing and keeping secret. Due to the limitation of the artist's cultural level, these songs or cuts often have no sound or words, or the words are invisible, and they are lost, modified and mistaken in circulation. The discussion of kite skills in China is mainly based on the above-mentioned limited cultural heritage, based on the existing Chinese traditional kites, combined with the principles of science and technology and flight mechanics, hoping to provide some reference for the promotion and development of kite skills in China in the future. Due to my limited level, I hope that all experts, scholars, seniors, people of insight and young friends will put forward valuable opinions, criticize and correct me. China's traditional kite flying skills can be summarized in four words: tying, pasting, painting and flying. Referred to as "four arts". Simply understand these "four arts", that is, kidnapping children, pasting paper, painting colorful flowers and flying kites. But in fact, the connotation of these four words is much broader, which contains almost all the technical contents of traditional Chinese kites. For example, "binding" includes: selecting, splitting, bending, cutting and connecting. "Paste" includes: selection, cutting, pasting, trimming and proofreading. "Painting" includes: color, background, description, dyeing and trimming. "Release" includes: wind, line, release, adjustment and collection. The comprehensive application of these "four arts" will reach the level of kite design innovation. China attaches great importance to the protection of intangible cultural heritage. On May 20th, 2006, kite-making skills were approved by the State Council to be included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list.

Manned kite

From June, 5438 to October, 2009, in Chenghai District, Shantou, Guangdong Province, "Shantou Kite King" Chen released a kite with a length of more than 100 meters, taking a pupil into the sky and realizing manned kite flying. This is not the first time that Chen has challenged the kite record. In the process of flying kites for twenty years, the peasant child gradually found his own life position.

Relevant famous artists

Chen Shanting, Zhang, Mou, Guo Yixin, Hu, Yang, Yang Wanshan, Han Lianxi, Kang Wanxiang, and Zhang Xiaodong [1]

[Edit this paragraph] Short exercise

Kite-making tools: paste, paper cutter Kite-making materials: bamboo sticks, gauze paper strips, horse-drawn paper square kites Features: (1) This kind of square kite is now the most widely used and common. (2) The skeleton of a kite is very simple, with only two pieces. (3) Although the method is simple, there are many changes in appearance, and a lot of things can be made with a little effort. Practice: 1. First soak the bamboo stick in water to soften it, then break it with a knife, about one-third the thickness, and then trim half the shape, because later, you have to stick the bamboo stick on the horse drawing paper. If it is too thick, the bamboo stick will tear the paper, and at the same time. Cut the repaired bamboo stick into two pieces with appropriate length, about 16 inch and 23 inch. Next, cut the horse drawing paper into a square, about 24 inches long. Horse drawing paper is a kind of rough paper, which is most suitable for making kites. 2. At this time, you can stick the bamboo stick on the paper, but remember to stick the long bamboo stick on the short third with gauze paper, and then bend it slowly until the two ends of the long bamboo stick touch the diagonal of the paper. 3. In the last step, stick the kite's tail under the kite, and after the angle between the line and the kite is better, you can hang it. The kite's tail is the main tool to keep the kite balanced. When the kite flies against the wind, if one side is heavy, the kite will tilt to this side, preferably with a long tail, because the longer the tail, the greater the weight of the kite's head will rise, which will make the whole body suffer from the wind and balance the tilted side. 5. The silk thread of the kite can be tied to the kite with coils such as cowhide thread, cotton thread and glass thread, and the coils can be divided into circular coils and diagonal coils.

[Edit this paragraph] Kite culture

Kaifeng, Beijing, Tianjin, Weifang, Nantong and Yangjiang are also known as the six traditional kite producing areas in China.

Yangjiang kite

1993, Yangjiang City, Guangdong Province was awarded the "Hometown of Kites in China" by the State Sports Commission. Since then, Yangjiang has designated the annual Double Ninth Festival as the Kite Festival.

Kaifeng kite

Kaifeng kites have a long history, many kinds and fine workmanship. Kaifeng kites can be roughly divided into six categories: hard-winged kites, such as Bigfoot Swallows, Cicada, Kites, etc. Soft-winged kites: such as eagles and butterflies; String kites: such as string geese and string dragons; Barrel kites (or three-dimensional kites): such as dragon pavilions and rockets; Board kites: such as seven stars and eight diagrams. Among them, longting kite and dragon kite are the most famous. The "Longxiang" kite is more than 200 meters long and weighs 20 kilograms. After flying, it was magnificent and touching. And boneless kites. In recent years, Kaifeng has also developed exquisite miniature kites, which are petite and exquisite and can be placed in the palm of your hand for people to fondle, collect and fly. Kaifeng kites have become the favorite collection and appreciation of kite lovers at home and abroad. Kaifeng kites are very popular because there is a folk custom in Kaifeng. On this day, Tomb-Sweeping Day put the kites high and far, and then deliberately cut the kite strings to let them float away with the wind, which means that the "depressed gas" accumulated in the past year is completely released, but he can't get sick for a year. Moreover, kites are full of hope. For example, the swallow kite is painted with fish, which implies more than one year. For example, bats, peaches, pine trees and cranes are painted on kites, which means happiness and longevity, and pine cranes will prolong life. Kaifeng people regard flying kites as an entertainment and fitness activity dedicated to nature. Flying kites in the spring breeze in April is the favorite activity of Kaifeng citizens. This activity is also very beneficial, suitable for all ages. By flying kites in the wild suburbs, we can absorb fresh air, exercise, cultivate sentiment, strengthen our physique and make us healthier and happier.

Weifang kite culture

Weifang is praised as "the kite capital of the world" by all countries. After historical evolution and horizontal spread, Weifang Kite has gradually formed a traditional style and artistic characteristics with exquisite materials selection, beautiful shape, exquisite paste, vivid image, gorgeous painting and flexible take-off, which complements Beijing Kite and Tianjin Kite and stands firm. There are many kinds of kite art in Weifang. Because kite artists and kite makers from all walks of life have different life experiences, different cultural levels and different knowledge structures, they have formed different systems and schools. Generally speaking, there are three kinds:-Weifang traditional folk kites, historically speaking, are relative to court kites and craftsman kites; In modern times, they are relative to modern new kites. Its characteristics are as follows: (1), the producers of folk kites are mostly farmers and craftsmen, generally speaking, they have not received special artistic training, and they freely express their ideals and wishes according to their intuitive feelings and aesthetic habits. Their kites, no matter in shape, materials, color configuration and production style, have a strong local flavor. (2) Folk kites are mostly made in combination with traditional festivals such as Tomb-Sweeping Day and Double Ninth Festival, with selective themes and decorative forms. (3) Folk kites are generally made from local materials, which are not very particular, but the style is rough. Not artificial. (4) Folk kites are influenced by regional culture, economy and customs, and they often observe and negotiate with each other in production, plus ancestral and hereditary factors. Therefore, folk kites have the color of ancient traditions, which is actually a collective creation. Second, traditional craftsmen sent Weifang. Because of the business of selling kites, full-time kite artists came into being. In the history of Weifang, many famous painters even participated in the drawing and even design of kites, which made Weifang kites look very beautiful. Of course, most people can't afford to play and buy these fine products, but rich people who buy these kites often ask artists to order them. This is the situation that the proverb handed down from generation to generation says that "seven points are teachers and three points are craftsmen". In addition, when the old and new dynasties changed, some court kite artists lived among the people, which also promoted the development and improvement of kites sent by craftsmen, making them solemn and luxurious. The traditional craftsmen's party has played a very good role in promoting the development of Weifang kites, which has turned Weifang kites from ordinary toys into a precious handicraft and an important part of Weifang local culture. Third, the modern innovators created a brand-new modern kite on the basis of inheriting the traditional kite because the majority of professional artists, technicians, workers and urban residents actively participated in kite activities, giving full play to the advantages of modern technology and modern science and technology. The main feature of modern kites is that they attach importance to the application of new materials and new techniques, and their shapes are simple, bright, fresh and ingenious, with distinctive times. Weifang kites can be divided into six categories according to their shapes, namely string, tube, board, hard wing, soft wing and free wing. Weifang String Style: A kite that flies by tying several identical or different kites on one or more strings like candied haws. For example, a dragon-headed centipede kite has three parts: a split part, a body and a tail. The main body is composed of several disc-shaped monomers, and each disc is a kite. Weifang bucket shape: Also known as three-dimensional kite, it generally adopts the skeleton of folding structure, and consists of one or more round buckets or buckets of other shapes, such as palace lanterns, vases and rockets. Weifang board is a flat kite. Lifting pieces are mainly supported by bamboo strips on all sides, and have various shapes such as octagon, diamond, square and quadrilateral. Weifang Hard Wings: The wings of this kite are fixed, but the shape and skeleton structure of the parts outside the wings vary with different themes. Its lifting piece is made of two horizontally placed bamboo strips in the shape of wings, with high sides and concave middle, forming a ventilation channel. The two ends of the wings are tilted backwards, so that the wind can escape from the two ends of the wings. Weifang Soft Wing: Its lift sheet consists of a main wing strip, and the lower end of the wing is soft and not attached to the main wing strip. The skeleton structure is mostly relief, which is suitable for birds and insect kites. Such as eagle, bee, swallow, crane, phoenix, dragonfly, mantis, cicada and so on. Weifang Freedom Category: Freedom category includes kites that cross categories, use new technology and learn from foreign kites. Cross-species, such as the "Queqiao Club", combines several methods such as string, three-dimensional and board; Using new technologies, such as 1.20 meters long string kites, such as "Liangshan Hundred Single Eight Generals" and "Birds Facing the Phoenix", not only can they spin in the wind, but also can beat drums and fireworks, and the "the Monkey King" can change seventy-two times in flight. Weifang International Kite Festival Weifang International Kite Festival is an annual international kite festival, which is held in Weifang, the capital of kites, from April 20th to 25th every year. Since 1984, it has been held for 22 consecutive sessions, attracting a large number of Chinese and foreign kite experts, enthusiasts and tourists to watch, compete and visit.

[Edit this paragraph] Related classification

Soft-winged kite

That is, the common bird kite. Its lifting part (wing) is a main wing strip, the lower cloth of the wing is soft and there is no attachment of the main strip, and most of the main frame is made of relief. Its shape is mostly birds or insects. Eagle, butterfly, bee, swallow, crane, phoenix, dragonfly, cicada and mantis all belong to this kind of kite. In order to fly a detachable soft-winged kite, the traditional butterfly wings separated up and down are changed into movable wings, and the skeleton is fixed, which is convenient for folding and has a realistic flying effect, or the top wings are loosened one by one to ensure the stability of the kite.

Hard-winged kite

Shayan kites, ordinary tasks with golden wings, belong to this category. It is characterized in that the lifting blade (wing) is made of two horizontal bamboo strips, the two sides are high and the middle is concave to form a ventilation channel. The ends of the wings are tilted backward, so that the wind escapes from the ends of the two wings, which looks like an ingot horizontally. For example, rice kites, flower baskets, mandarin ducks, magpies, parrots and so on, which are popular in Beijing, have fixed forms of hard wings, while the shapes and skeleton structures beyond the scope of hard wings vary with different contents and themes.

Dragon kite

Mainly based on the leading centipede kite, it is also a major feature of Weifang kite.

Banzi kite