What is the connotation of advanced manufacturing technology? What are the characteristics of advanced manufacturing technology compared with traditional manufacturing technology?

Advanced manufacturing is an abstract concept. I'll find you a related article below, hoping it will help you. Advanced manufacturing technology and its development trend generally believe that human civilization has three material pillars: materials, energy and information. These three pillars are inseparable from human manufacturing activities. Without "manufacturing", there would be no human beings. Engels said in Dialectics of Nature: "Erection and labor create human beings, and labor begins with making tools." It can be said vividly that the course of human beings began with the manufacture of the first stone knife. Manufacturing is the "sun that never sets" and one of the pillars of modern civilization. It is the main body of industry, the means of providing production tools, means of subsistence, scientific and technological means and national defense equipment, the support of their progress and one of the power sources of modernization. Manufacturing industry is by no means a "sunset industry", but there is indeed a "sunset technology" in manufacturing technology, which is incompatible with the information wave and high-tech development, lacks market competitiveness, and may even endanger the ecological environment. Advanced manufacturing technology corresponding to sunset technology in manufacturing technology is a new technology formed by the integration of manufacturing technology, information technology, management science and other related technologies. It can be said that it is the carrier of high technology, and no industrialized country does not attach great importance to it. It has the following eight development trends and characteristics: 1. "Number" is the core of development. "Number" refers to digitalization in the manufacturing field. Including digital manufacturing centered on design, digital manufacturing centered on control and digital manufacturing centered on management. For digital manufacturing equipment, its control parameters are all digital signals; For digital manufacturing enterprises, all kinds of information (such as graphics, data, knowledge, skills, etc. ) is transmitted through the network in digital form. With the support of various digital technologies, enterprises analyze, plan and reorganize product information, process information and resource information, and realize the simulation of product design and product function, the simulation of processing process and production organization process or the completion of prototype manufacturing, so as to realize the rapid reorganization of production process and rapid response to the market. For the global manufacturing industry, in the digital manufacturing environment, users release information through the network, and enterprises apply e-commerce through the network to realize complementary advantages, form a dynamic alliance, and quickly design and manufacture corresponding products. 2. "Precision" is the key to development. "Accuracy" refers to machining accuracy and its development. The ultra-precision machining error was 10 micron in the early 20th century, and it was 0.0 1 micron in the 1970s and 1980s. Now it is only 0.00 1 micron, which is 1 nanometer. From Gulf War and Kosovo War to Afghanistan War and Iraq War, the hit rate of weapons is getting higher and higher. Its essence is that weapons are becoming more and more "refined". In other words, the key is to fight a "precise" war. In modern ultra-precision machinery, the precision requirement is extremely high, such as the instrument bearing of satellite, whose roundness, cylindricity and surface roughness reach nanometer level; The moving distance of gene manipulation machinery is nanometer, and the moving accuracy is 0. 1 nanometer. Micro-machining and nano-machining technologies can meet the requirements below nanometer, and can reach 0. 1 nanometer with the help of scanning tunneling microscope and atomic force microscope. As for the manufacture of microelectronic chips, there are so-called "three super": ① ultra-clean, the diameter of dust particles in the processing workshop is less than 1 micron, and the number of particles is less than 0. 1 per cubic foot; (2) The content of ultra-pure and harmful impurities in chip materials should be less than one billion; (3) ultra-fine, and the machining accuracy reaches nanometer level. Obviously, there will be no advanced electronic technology and equipment without advanced manufacturing technology; Of course, without advanced electronic technology and information technology, there would be no advanced manufacturing equipment. Advanced manufacturing technology and advanced information technology penetrate, support and closely combine with each other. 3. "Pole" is the focus of development. "Pole" is an extreme condition, which means that the manufacturing technology for producing special products must meet the requirements of "Pole". For example, products that can work under high temperature, high pressure, high humidity, strong impact, strong magnetic field and strong corrosion conditions, or products with high hardness and high elasticity, or products that are oversized, extremely small, extremely thick, extremely thin and grotesque are all special products. MEMS is one of them. This is a cutting-edge technology that industrialized countries pay close attention to, and it is also called micro-system micro-manufacturing. "MEMS" has a wide range of applications. In the field of information, it is used in molecular memory, atomic memory and chip processing equipment; In the field of life, it is used in cloning technology, gene manipulation system, protein tracking system, small physiological organ processing technology and molecular assembly technology; In military weapons, it is used for precision guidance technology, precision strike technology, micro inertial platform and micro optical equipment; In the aerospace field, it is used for micro air vehicles, micro satellites and "nano" satellites (within 0. 1 kg); In the field of micro-robots, it is used for various medical operations, in-pipe operations, eavesdropping and intelligence gathering; In addition, it is also used in micro-test instruments, micro-sensors, micro-microscopes, micro-thermometers, micro-instruments and so on. "MEMS" can accomplish special actions, realize special functions, and even communicate the micro-world with the macro-world, and its far-reaching significance is immeasurable. 4. "Self" is the condition of development, and "self" is automation. It is a technology or means to reduce, strengthen, expand and replace human labor. Automation is always accompanied by related machinery or tools. It can be said that machinery is the carrier of all technologies and also the carrier of automation technology. In the first industrial revolution, automation was used in the form of mechanization to reduce, extend or replace people's related manual labor, and the second industrial revolution, namely electrification, further promoted the development of automation. According to statistics, from 1870- 1980, the efficiency of the processing process has increased by 20 times, that is, manual labor has been effectively liberated, but the management efficiency has only increased by 1.8 to 2.2 times, and the design efficiency has only increased by 1.2 times, which shows that mental labor is far from being effectively liberated. Informatization, computerization and networking can not only greatly liberate people's bodies, but also effectively improve people's mental labor level. The connotation and level of today's automation is far from what it used to be, and great progress has been made from control theory and technology to control system and control components. Automation has become a prerequisite for the development of advanced manufacturing technology. 5. "Fixed" is the method of development. "Set" is integration. At present, "set" mainly refers to: ① the integration of modern technology. Electromechanical integration is a typical example, which is the foundation of high-tech equipment. ② Integration of processing technology. Special machining technology and equipment are typical, such as laser machining, high-energy beam machining, electric machining and so on. (3) Enterprise integration, namely management integration, including the integration of production information, functions and processes, as well as internal integration and external integration. In the long run, it is also worth noting the "micro-manufacturing biological method" or so-called "biological manufacturing" assembled by biotechnology and manufacturing technology. It is based on the fact that biology is a "device" that grows from the inside, rather than a "device" that is formed by adding or subtracting materials through external action like ordinary manufacturing technology. This is a brand-new and dynamic field, and its role is immeasurable. 6. "Network" is the road to development. "Network" is networking. Networking of manufacturing technology is the only way for the development of advanced manufacturing technology. In the market competition, the manufacturing industry is facing various pressures, such as the increase of procurement cost, the acceleration of product renewal, the change of market demand, and the increased impact brought by globalization. To avoid this series of problems, enterprises must make some profound changes in production organization, abandon the traditional "sunset technology" of "small and complete" and "big and complete", and concentrate on doing their most competitive core business. The development of science and technology, especially the development of computer technology and network technology, makes this change possible. The networking of manufacturing technology will lead to a new manufacturing mode, that is, virtual manufacturing organization, which is a dynamic "virtual enterprise" or a dynamic "enterprise alliance" formed by several geographically distributed and organizationally equal and independent enterprises on the basis of negotiation and consultation. At this time, each enterprise is committed to its core business, realizing complementary advantages and optimizing dynamic combination and * * * sharing of resources. 7. "Wisdom" is the prospect of development. "Wisdom" is intelligence. Intelligent manufacturing technology is the prospect of manufacturing technology development. In recent 20 years, the manufacturing system is changing from energy-driven to information-driven, which requires the manufacturing system not only to be flexible, but also to show some intelligence to cope with the processing of a large number of complex information, the changing market demand and the complex environment of fierce competition, so intelligent manufacturing has been paid more and more attention. Compared with traditional manufacturing industry, intelligent manufacturing system has the following characteristics: ① man-machine integration; ② Strong self-discipline; ③ Self-organization and super-flexibility; ④ Learning ability and self-maintenance ability; ⑤ I will have more advanced humanoid thinking ability in the future. It can be said that intelligent manufacturing, as a mode, is an advanced manufacturing system integrating automation, integration and intelligence, and has a constantly developing high-tech content and level. It is also a man-machine integration system composed of intelligent machines and human experts. Its outstanding point lies in that in the manufacturing process, the computer is used to simulate the intelligent activities of human experts, to analyze, judge, reason, conceive and make decisions, to replace or extend part of human mental work in the manufacturing environment, and to collect, store, process, improve, enjoy, inherit and develop the manufacturing intelligence of human experts at the same time. Although the road of intelligent manufacturing is still very long, it will surely become one of the main modes of production in the future manufacturing industry, with great potential and broad prospects. 8. "Green" is the necessity of development. "Green" means "green" manufacturing. Human beings must promote the harmonious development between themselves and nature from all aspects, and manufacturing technology is no exception. From concept to design, manufacture, sale, use and maintenance, to recycling and remanufacturing, the products of manufacturing industry must fully consider environmental protection and improvement. We should not only protect and improve the natural environment, but also protect and improve the social environment, production environment and physical and mental health of producers. In fact, protecting and improving the environment is also protecting and developing productive forces. Under this premise, we can produce products with low price, good quality, short delivery time and good after-sales service. As a "green" manufacturing, products must strive to adapt to the working and living environment of users, give people noble spiritual enjoyment, and reflect the high blending of material civilization and spiritual civilization. Therefore, when developing and adopting new technologies, we must establish a scientific concept of development and make the manufacturing industry move towards "green" manufacturing. The eight aspects mentioned above, namely, number, precision, pole, self, set, net, intelligence and youth, penetrate each other, depend on each other and promote each other to form a whole. At the same time, eight aspects must be rooted on the basis of "machinery" and "manufacturing", that is to say, the theory and mechanism of "machinery" and "manufacturing" itself should be studied and developed. Eight aspects of technology should be researched, developed and developed on the basis of this theory and mechanism, and should complement each other on this basis, and finally serve the development of manufacturing industry. It is worth noting that in today's highly developed and high-speed development of science and technology, "advanced manufacturing technology", like all advanced technologies, can't be people-oriented, can't be without "things" and "people", can't be without "culture" and "spirit" and "technology". Without human spirit, even the most advanced technology will lose its "soul" and even bring disaster to the people. Furthermore, to be "people-oriented", we must be "education-oriented", and we must cultivate scientific and technological talents and manufacturing management talents that conform to the trend of the times and China's national conditions through various forms of education. Science and technology are the key, talents are the foundation and education is the foundation. We should constantly promote the development of advanced manufacturing technology in China from a fundamental, long-term and comprehensive perspective. References:

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