What are the similarities and differences between magnets and electromagnets?

Although both magnets and electromagnets have magnetic fields, their characteristics are different. Electromagnets are mainly energized to generate magnetic fields and magnetic energy, and magnets themselves have magnets. Each magnet has different advantages and disadvantages!

1. magnet: it is a kind of natural iron ore, which is made by processing and sintering. It mainly includes ferrite magnets and neodymium magnets, and its components are iron, cobalt and nickel. Its atomic structure is special, and the atom itself has a magnetic moment. Generally, these mineral molecules are arranged in disorder, and the interaction between magnetic regions will not show magnetism. The product has no magnetism and magnetic field in production, so it needs to be magnetized after sintering, molding and chamfering.

2. Electromagnet: An electrified solenoid with an iron core inside the electromagnet is called an electromagnet. When the iron core is inserted into the energized solenoid, the iron core is magnetized by the magnetic field of the energized solenoid. The magnetized iron core also becomes a magnet, so the magnetism of the solenoid is greatly enhanced by the superposition of two magnetic fields. In order to make the electromagnet more magnetic.

In addition, the iron core of electromagnet is made of soft iron, not steel. Otherwise, once the steel is magnetized, it will remain magnetic for a long time and cannot be demagnetized, and its magnetic field strength cannot be controlled by current, thus losing the advantage of electromagnet.

The electromagnet core has no magnetism, and the charged particles in ordinary magnets are arranged neatly. When electrified, electromagnets and magnets have the same properties.

1. The magnetic force of the electromagnet can also be changed, which is related to the number of turns of the coil and the current intensity, but the magnetic force of the magnet cannot be changed.

2. The magnetism of electromagnet can also be changed. Magnets are magnetic when energized, but not when de-energized. Magnets are magnetic under all circumstances.

3. The magnetic pole of electromagnet can be changed, which is determined by the positive and negative poles of electricity and the winding direction of coil.

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