What are the three basic models of China's old age

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What are the three basic models of old age in China

Family old age, community old age and institutional old age are the three basic models of old age in China. Family old-age care is the traditional mode of old-age care; nursing home old-age care is the socialized mode of old-age care; and community-based old-age care is a mode of old-age care that takes into account both family and society.

China is a country that believes in Confucianism, which has long formed the traditional mode of "family old-age care", and the traditional concepts of "raising children for old age", "parental dominance", and "several generations living under the same roof" are y rooted in the country. People who choose to live in the family, living in the family, feel "familiar" and "free", the economy is also more cost-effective, from the social point of view, the social hardware and facilities of the family old age of the cost is almost zero.

However, the vulnerability of the family old-age pension in the new situation shows its historical limitations. Interpersonal competition in modern society has intensified, the pace of life has accelerated, and the burden of work has increased, resulting in a sharp increase in the human cost of family pension, which is difficult for the average family to bear, and the supporter is exhausted; coupled with the increase in the number of "421-type" families and the emergence of empty-nesting families and other problems, the traditional way of family pensions is bound to be with the change in the structure of the family to gradually transition to social pensions. The transition to the social old age gradually.

Community home care

The basic practice of community home care is to set up elderly care service centers in each community in the city, where the elderly still live in their own homes and enjoy the nutritional and medical care as well as psychological counseling provided by the service centers, and the service centers will send trained elderly caregivers to the homes of the elderly on a regular basis to provide them with household services such as cooking, cleaning, and tidying up and to accompany the elderly and listen to their voices. The service centers also send trained elderly caregivers to the homes of the elderly on a regular basis to provide them with housework services such as cooking, cleaning, and housekeeping, as well as affectionate services such as accompanying and listening to the elderly. Therefore, it is said that community home care is a nursing home without walls. Carrying out home care services relative to institutional care, more adapted to the living habits and psychological characteristics of the elderly in China, to meet the psychological needs of the elderly, to help them spend their twilight years, but also more in line with the reality of China, in line with the development of large urban centers, community services for the elderly in a new way.

Institutionalized elderly care

Institutionalized elderly care refers to specialized elderly care institutions (including welfare homes, nursing homes, day care centers, senior citizen apartments, hospices, etc.) to bring the elderly together for all-around care. Formal institutions for the elderly, its daily management are to be strict. Institutionalized elderly care is one of the important modes of elderly care in China, but it cannot meet the needs of many other elderly groups with other needs.

In Beijing, for example, there are currently **** about 340 senior care institutions, of which about 100 are privately run. These institutions can be divided into three categories: state-run institutions founded by the state, collectively owned institutions run by townships, communities, villages, and streets, and privately run institutions founded by enterprises, institutions, or individuals. Among these institutions, the difficulty of entering a public nursing home is also well known ****. The occupancy rate of Beijing's First, Fourth and Fifth Nursing Homes is 100% year-round, with more than 1,600 people currently waiting in line to move in, and the occupancy rate of public nursing homes in the city's eight districts is also around 98%. The private nursing home beds have nearly 12,000, but the average occupancy rate of only 2 / 3. The relevant person in charge of the Municipal Bureau of Civil Affairs said that more elderly people tend to public nursing homes, is out of the "national" traditional sense of trust, but in other cities, the situation is different, all aspects of the conditions of the nursing home, the occupancy rate is higher.