Practice report of Jianshui

The first scenic spot to visit during this internship in Jianshui is Yanzidong. The swallow cave, known as "the cave is secluded and unique, and the south sky is unique", is located in a canyon surrounded by mountains 30 kilometers east of Jianshui, an ancient city, and belongs to a national key scenic spot. Yanzidong Scenic Area is divided into natural forest land outside the cave, dry cave and water cave.

Swallow Cave is famous for its unique landscapes, such as the wonders of ancient caves, Chun Yan parties, stalactite plaques and bird's nest tricks. Ancient and famous trees outside the cave are born between steep cliffs. More than 30,000 square meters of natural forests are flourishing, inhabited by dozens of birds. Hundreds of thousands of white-waisted swifts live in nests on the rock walls inside and outside caves.

Every spring and summer, flocks of swallows fly like arrows. Hundreds of swallows haunt it, and the sound of whispering is endless. Swallows and underwater sound sang in the cave, forming a cave symphony that shocked the valley. Yanzidong is rich in bird's nest. Local farmers climbed to the top of the cave more than 50 meters high and 450 meters long by hand, and collected bird's nest among stalactites. The thrilling scene is breathtaking.

The cave is divided into two parts, one is dry and the other is wet, the other is up and down, and the other is dry and the other is water. The trunk hole looks like a huge natural bridge with light on both sides. The cave hall is spacious and can accommodate thousands of people. It is composed of a stone temple and a stone platform, with a volley plank road and an air veranda. In the stone hall, the stalactite curtain hangs low and the stone curtain sets each other off. Dozens of cliff stone carvings and poems are carved all over the cave, echoing the stalactite plaque at the entrance of the water cave. Stalactite hanging plaque is a unique landscape of Yanzi Cave. On the stalactites hanging from the top of the cave more than 50 meters away from the river, there are thousands of plaques in the past dynasties, all of which are hung by local farmers climbing the cliff with their bare hands, which is amazing.

Lujiang River flows into the cave, magnificent and spectacular. The fantastic beauty of the swallow cave is still in the water cave. Due to the erosion and dissolution of rapids for millions of years, caves are steep and steep, and stalactites hang down, which are wonderful, such as Youlong Palace, Art Palace and Fairyland, which can be described as ancient, strange, secluded and deep.

After coming out of Yanzi Cave, I visited Jia Zhu Garden and Confucius Temple the next day. Jianxin Street in Jianshui Ancient City has a group of large-scale houses in Qing Dynasty. This is Jia Zhu Garden, which is known as the "Grand View Garden in South Yunnan". Jia Zhu Garden is the home and ancestral hall of the rich gentry Zhu in the late Qing Dynasty. It was built in Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty, which took about 30 years before and after, and was finally completed in Xuantong period. The building covers an area of more than 20,000 square meters, including a building area of more than 5,000 square meters. The main building is "four vertical and three horizontal" layout, which is a typical side-by-side combined residential complex in Jianshui. The house pattern is orderly, and the courtyards are layered, including 42 patios. The whole group of buildings has steep ridges and upturned eaves, carved beams and painted buildings, which are exquisite and elegant. The layout of the courtyard hall is reasonable, and the spatial landscape is rich and continuous, forming a "maze" building complex. Sometimes there are single tourists who don't know where they are soon after entering the door without a guide. where is the exit ？ I feel that Granny Liu has entered the Grand View Garden.

The garden faces south, and the population is Guahuamen. The 10 "Stupid Foot Building" along the street on the left is connected with the "Happy Valley Corner Building" behind, which is the accounting room and material supply room of that year. On the right, family ancestral temple is in front and the inner court is behind. There are pools, water tables, pavilions, shady flowers and trees in front of the ancestral hall. There are 12 stone reliefs and poetry calligraphy on the right column beside the pool, which are of great artistic value. The host must often invite literati and scholars to get together here, or talk about poetry, politics and economy, or drink tea and recite romantic poems. On the days of offering sacrifices to ancestors and celebrating birthdays, famous Yunnan opera stars were invited to sing and entertain on the water stage. At this time, red candles are shining, cigarettes are around, firecrackers are ringing, the wind is dense, and the string of silk and bamboo is all night. It's been busy for several days!

In front of the whole building is a flower room with three main bays, and on the left and right sides are the "embroidered buildings" of the ladies. There is a garden in front of the drawing room, and the flower wall is exposed from left to right, which is naturally divided into east garden and west garden. The park covers a large area, with lotus ponds, trees, nurseries and flower beds scattered in front of it, forming a typical southern private garden with local characteristics.

Residential buildings represented by Jia Zhu Gardens are an important part of Jianshui Ancient City. It is elegant and generous, regular in shape, flexible in layout, rich in space, gradual in level, quiet in environment, elegant in color, moderately decorated, unified in structure, and contains profound cultural connotations in rich forms. It is the product of the combination of mainland culture and frontier culture, and has high architectural artistic value. After visiting Jianshui, experts and scholars think that such large-scale and well-preserved residential buildings are rare in China, and they all give high praise. Sun Tieqing, former director of National Cultural Heritage Administration, also wrote an inscription: "Jia Zhu ancestral temple, gorgeous houses, open tourism, a magical water."

Jia Zhu Gardens have been confiscated many times since they were built nearly a hundred years ago, and they were used for other purposes after liberation, and they have not been repaired for a long time. Jianshui County Government reclaimed Jia Zhu Garden on 1990, and successively invested1800,000 yuan to maintain it as a whole. 1998 10, Jia Zhu Garden was listed as the first-phase boutique tourism project in our province, and nearly 8.2 million yuan was invested to completely rebuild the back garden, which made this century-old house glow with historical glory again.

Today, Jia Zhu Garden has become a boutique tourist attraction with a certain scale, taste and rich cultural connotation, which integrates accommodation, appreciation, tourism and entertainment. In particular, the county tourism department used the advantages of many rooms in the original building to add 28 rooms from the four courtyards of Meiting, Lanting, Zhuyuan and Juyuan in the Second Hospital as guest rooms for tourists to stay and experience the lifestyle of the Qing Dynasty. The beds, stools, tables, chairs and palace lanterns in the room are all carved from purple wood, which embodies the Qing style: the costumes of doormen and tour guides and the Qing etiquette of receiving guests, which makes people feel like they are in the historical life a hundred years ago: visiting the houses of the Qing Dynasty and dreaming of the Red Chamber.

In Jia Zhu Garden, I experienced the elegant life of my predecessors and visited an important ceremony building for worshipping Confucius and promoting Confucianism. This is the Confucius Temple. Confucius Temple, also known as Confucius Temple, is almost all over the country. According to historical records, there were about 1560 Confucian temples at the state, prefecture and county levels in the Ming Dynasty, and this number increased to more than 1800 in the Qing Dynasty.

Jianshui Confucian Temple was founded in the 22 nd year of Yuan Dynasty (A.D. 1285). After more than 40 generations of expansion and renovation, it covers an area of 1 14 mu. Its existing scale, architectural level and well-preserved degree are second only to Qufu Confucius Temple in Shandong Province and Beijing Confucius Temple, ranking among the best in the country. Jianshui Confucian Temple can still be well preserved after more than 700 years, which has created extremely valuable conditions for people to study the history and traditional architectural art of respecting Confucius and Confucianism in ancient China, and has been listed as a national key cultural relics protection unit by the State Council.

Jianshui Confucian Temple was built in full accordance with the style of Confucius Temple in Qufu, adopting a palace style with symmetrical north-south axis, and a number of single buildings were symmetrically arranged on both sides. There are 37 original main buildings, including one pool, two halls, two halls, three pavilions, four doors, five pavilions, five temples and eight squares. Now, except Xingtan, Sheji, Respect Pavilion, Wenxing Pavilion, Jingyi Pavilion and Zhaiting Pavilion, the other 3 1 buildings are well preserved. The whole building is magnificent and rigorous in structure, which gives people a sense of solemnity and adds extremely rich traditional cultural connotation to Jianshui, a famous historical and cultural city in China.

Jianshui Confucian Temple complex is located in the north and south, with a depth of 625 meters, which is divided into seven spaces. The first entrance space is from Wan Ren Palace Wall (red screen wall) to "Taihe Yuan Qi" Square. "Taihe Yuan Qi" Square is a single gate of the Confucian Temple, belonging to the three-door wooden archway with four pillars on the third floor. The four gold-plated characters "Taihe Yuan Qi" on the gate of Taihe Yuan Qi Square praise Confucius' thought that everything in the world is born. The headboard of the second wooden fence door is engraved with the names of the main military and political officials of Lin 'an government when the workshop was rebuilt during Yongzheng period of Qing Dynasty. On the left is a civilian, and on the right is a Wu Zhi official. There are dragons and lions carved on the stones of Xumishan Mountain, which is one of the characteristics that distinguishes Jianshui Confucian Temple from other Confucian temples. Behind the "Taihe Yuan Qi" Square is Chi Pan. Commonly known as "Xue Hai", it was expanded into an oval crown during Hongzhi's reign. There is an island at the northern end of Chi Pan. There is a Lesiting Pavilion on the island, and the island dikes are connected by a three-hole stone bridge. "Le Si Guan", also called "Diao Ao Guan", encourages students to study hard and become famous in the future, just like catching an eagle in the deep sea. When people come to this guiding space, they can see "Xue Hai Wen Lan" and a balanced and symmetrical arched community at first sight, giving people an open-minded feeling, just like entering a temple.

The second entrance space is from Taihe Yuan Qi Square to the platform. Walking into the "Taihe Yuan Qi" Square, a bronze statue of Confucius more than 3 meters high is awe-inspiring. Just like a blue pool, it symbolizes that Confucius' thoughts are as profound as Wang Yang's.

Lu Yi Square starts from Ma Xia Monument and enters the semi-circular platform square in front of Li Men Square, Lu Yi Square and Zhu Siyuan Garden Square, which is the third courtyard space. Second, the third space is the largest leisure garden courtyard environment space of Siyuanfang Hydrological Temple in Yujian, where you can have a panoramic view of distant mountains and near water, which makes people admire the exquisiteness and magnificence of traditional gardens in China.

The fourth courtyard space is from the square of Zhusa to Lingxingmen, with four horizontally symmetrical archways and stone tablets, namely "Depei Tiandi", "Taoist Temple in Ancient and Modern Times", "Fairy View Near the Sun" and "Life Wandering". This is a historical and cultural relics exhibition area with a strong atmosphere of Confucian temple gardens. There are many forest of steles on the east and west sides of Lingxingmen, including dozens of steles, which record the reconstruction of Confucian temples in Ming and Qing Dynasties and are important historical materials for studying the spread of Central Plains culture and Confucianism in the frontier.

The fifth yard is from Lingxingmen to Dachengmen. The four gold pillars of the Star Gate pass through the roof, more than two meters above the roof. The column is covered with blue and white porcelain cover of Panlong in Ming Dynasty, and the bare column in the lower section is decorated with wood. This is a rare architectural form in the national Confucian temple. In the center of Wujin compound, there is an apricot altar specially built to commemorate the education of Confucius. It uses a barrel of eight algae wells, yellow glazed tiles, painted golden dragons and seals, and the specifications are very high. In the altar stands a stone tablet of "Confucius reciting sacred strings" in the Ming Dynasty. There is Kuixing Pavilion on the left front of Xingtan; On the left are Guanmiao and Jinmen, and on the right are Xiangxian Temple and Yuzhen Gate. Kuixing Pavilion and Wenchang Pavilion enshrine "Kuixing Jun, Wenchang Emperor Jun", which means "Zhu Kui's articles, Kuixing struggle, and literature flourishes". The ancestral hall of famous officials in rural areas is a special building in the local Confucian temple, which is built to worship the gentry and sages of Jianshui and to commemorate the celebrities who were officials in different places in ancient Jianshui.

The sixth courtyard space from Dachengmen to Zushi Temple, surrounded by two ears, is the core and focus of the Confucian Temple. The courtyard consists of Dachengmen, Shixian Hall, East-West Pavilion, East-West Monument Pavilion and East-West Ear. It is a magnificent, elegant and resplendent square building complex, creating a unique architectural artistic conception of the Confucian Temple. There are also Gu Song and Cooper planted in Yuan Dynasty, camellia planted in Ming Dynasty and scarab planted in Qing Dynasty. In the courtyard, a pair of white statues are sitting in stone carvings, with bronze vases more than one meter high on their backs. Their modeling embodies the integration of Central Plains culture, frontier culture and eastern and western subcultures, which means "image rising".

Dacheng Hall, the Hall of the First Teacher, was named after the famous calligrapher Wang Wenzhi in Qing Dynasty inscribed the three characters "Hall of the First Teacher" when he was the magistrate of Lin 'an. Dacheng Hall is located on the highest platform at the back of the longitudinal axis of the Confucian Temple building to highlight its core position in the whole building. It is the center of the Confucius Temple and the main hall for offering sacrifices to Confucius. The whole hall is made of solid and thick materials. * * * 28 columns are used as load-bearing frame columns, 20 of which are cut and polished with a whole bluestone axe, forming a very special stone-wood frame load-bearing structure in ancient buildings. There are two auxiliary columns (corner columns) on the left and right sides of the front eaves of Shilong column. The upper part is carved into a "stone dragon column" of a dragon and auspicious clouds, and the lower part adopts the artistic technique of combining relief with general carving. Exquisite carving, very rare. The altar in front of the temple is surrounded by stone fence boards and watchposts on three sides. Inside the altar, a 55-year-old (1790) bronze incense burner is 2 meters high. 85 meters, the upper part is the architectural style of Gongting archway. Four copper pillars are coiled by Youlong, with four legs and four elephant heads, and the curled elephant trunk is supported on the lotus seat, which fully shows that Confucian culture rules the world and strives to achieve the effect of stabilizing politics.

There are 22 carved doors in the five bays on the front of the main hall, of which six in the Ming Dynasty each carved a dragon, forming a "six dragons holding a saint", which is arranged in front of the statue of Confucius in the hall, symbolizing the supremacy of Confucianism founded by Confucius in the ancient ideological field; Every fan in the second room and the top room is a traditional auspicious pattern of China people, such as "Two Lions Divide Water", "Magpie Noisy Plum", "Three Sheep Open Thailand", "Rising Sun", "Bamboo Report Peace", "Lulu Blessing" and "Connecting with Family All the Way". * * * There are 100 kinds of animals, feathers and flowers carved with vivid shapes. The colorful paintings on the beams and arches of the main hall are beautifully drawn and well preserved, which has high artistic value.

There are eight gold plaques hanging in the hall, which were praised by the Qing emperor for Confucius. They are Kangxi's "Being a Teacher for All", Yongzheng's "No Life for the People", Qianlong's "Heavenly Land", Jiaqing's "Masterpiece of Heaven and Earth", Daoguang's "Harmony between Heaven and Earth" and Xianfeng's "Deqi". There is a pavilion on the east and west sides of the main hall. In the East Monument Pavilion is Yong Zhengdi's Inscription on Pacifying imperial academy in Gaocheng, Qinghai in the Qing Dynasty. There is an inscription of Emperor Qianlong in the West Monument Pavilion, which is written and carved by two huge stones and Manchu and Chinese characters. The two monuments are inlaid with complete headstones and connected into a whole. The monument was originally built in Beijing Confucian Temple, and the double tripod of Lin 'an magistrate was carved in Jianshui Confucian Temple, which is a rare Manchu-Han monument in China. At the foot of the outer wall of the back wall of the main hall, there are more than ten stone tablets, among which Confucius was posthumously named as the imperial monument by the emperor from Yuan Wuzong to the first year, which is the oldest stone tablet in southern Yunnan.

Dacheng Hall to Chongsheng Temple is the seventh courtyard, and Chongsheng Temple is the place where five generations of ancestors of Confucius were sacrificed. It is a five-bay, three-entrance, single-eave, peak-lifted dyeing building with a total width of 24 meters, a depth of 16.5 meters and a height of 9 meters, covering an area of 396 square meters. There are colorful paintings on the front eaves beam frame and bucket arch, with exquisite patterns and simple colors. There is a stone barrier in front of the temple.

On the east and west sides of the courtyard of Dacheng Hall, there is an east-west Minglun Hall, which embodies the "integration of temple and learning". On the east side of Chongsheng Temple are Erxian Temple and Cangsheng Temple. Erxian Temple is a ancestral temple built by villagers to commemorate two scholars who were demoted to the Confucian Temple to give lectures for more than ten years during the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty. Zang Sheng Temple is a place to worship Cang Xie, an ancient inventor in China. There is also a cypress forest symbolizing "Kong Lin" behind the temple, which adds a solemn and quaint color to the Confucian Temple.

I hope I can help you by modifying it myself. I also went to Jianshui for an internship. I made up all these reports myself. ......