Who has the information about Xiamen's economic development in recent years?

Entering the 2 1 century, Xiamen's retail market has entered the fast lane of good, orderly and healthy development. According to the data of the first national economic census, by the end of 2004, there were 7,530 legal entities engaged in wholesale and retail business in the city, an increase of 1.25 times compared with 3,340 at the end of 2000. Wholesale and retail enterprises as legal persons account for 32.8% of the total number of legal persons in the city, and the number of units ranks first in all industries of the national economy. In 2005, the total retail sales of social consumer goods in the city (according to the economic census) reached 27186 million yuan, an increase of 1.6% over the previous year, with an increase of 3 percentage points over the previous year. It is estimated that the total retail sales of social consumer goods will reach 3 1 100 million yuan in 2006, an increase of 14% over 2005.

1. Chain retail business has developed rapidly, and a multi-format competition pattern has been formed.

With the development of commodity economy, the leading position of chain operation in retail industry is more obvious. According to statistics, by the end of 2005, the total number of chain commercial enterprises above designated size and the number of chain stores in the city reached 42 and 606 respectively. Compared with 200 1, the number of enterprises and stores increased by 2 1 and 455 respectively, increasing by 1 and 3 times respectively. The sales revenue of chain enterprises was 5 billion yuan, 9.4 times higher than that in 2000; The retail sales of commodities reached 3.45 billion yuan, accounting for151%of the total retail sales of wholesale and retail trade; The business area of chain retail industry reached 254,500 square meters. At the same time, chain operation has been involved in oil, books, medicine, home appliances and other industries, and is extending to a longer chain and a wider scope.

At the same time, various retail formats that meet the needs of mass consumption are also emerging. Emerging business formats such as shopping malls, storage supermarkets, specialty supermarkets, convenience stores, discount stores and community stores have sprung up, forming a multi-format competition pattern in which various retail formats are interdependent and complementary. According to statistics, by the end of 2005, there were 15 retail enterprises above designated size, 1 supermarkets,1specialty stores and1stores, and 4 others, accounting for 9.3%, 6.8% and 8 1.4% respectively. The business area accounted for 22.9%, 14.3%, 58.3% and 4.5% respectively, and the retail sales realized by various formats accounted for 14.9%, 8.3%, 75.2% and10.6% respectively.

2. The distribution of commercial outlets inside and outside the island is uneven, and the island is still the first choice for residents' consumption.

In 2005, judging from the total retail sales of social consumer goods in each district, Siming District completed 654.38+05.99 billion yuan, accounting for 58.83% of the city; Huli District completed 7.099 billion yuan, accounting for 26.11%of the city; Jimei district completed 65.438+50.4 billion yuan, accounting for 5.53% of the city; Haicang District completed 659 million yuan, accounting for 2.42% of the city; Tongan District completed 654.38+0.269 billion yuan, accounting for 4.67% of the city; Xiang 'an District completed 662 million yuan, accounting for 2.44% of the city. Comparatively speaking, shopping on the island has become the first choice for residents' consumption. The total retail market share of Siming and Huli accounts for 84.94%, while that outside the island only accounts for 15.06%.

3. Domestic and foreign retail giants have accelerated their expansion and increased the concentration of the retail market.

Since the retail industry opened to the outside world, Xiamen, which is being transformed into a first-tier city, has attracted the attention of domestic and foreign retail giants with its rapid economic development and unique charm of a good investment environment. Since 2000, world-renowned retail enterprises such as Trust-Mart, Wal-Mart and Metro, as well as specialized department stores such as Gome, Suning Appliance and B&Q have successively settled in Xiamen, which has had a strong impact on traditional department stores and greatly changed the pattern of retail industry in Xiamen. Under the joint attack of domestic and foreign retail giants, the competition in Xiamen's retail market has further intensified, and the concentration of the retail market has increased significantly. In 2005, the city's wholesale and retail sales reached 22.829 billion yuan, an increase of 16.9% over the previous year. Among them, the total retail sales of trade above designated size was140.7 billion yuan, accounting for 6 1.6% of the whole industry, with a net increase of 280 1 billion yuan or 24.9% over the previous year. There were 62 trading enterprises above designated size with annual retail sales exceeding 50 million yuan, an increase of 10 over the previous year; There were 37 trading enterprises above designated size exceeding 100 million yuan, an increase of 2 over the previous year.

Second, the simple model analysis of Xiamen retail market

The success of the expansion of domestic and foreign big retailers in Xiamen is obvious to all, but it does not mean that local retailers can't share in this business war. Using SWOT analysis and five-force model, this paper discusses the internal and external environment of local retail enterprises in Xiamen and draws lessons from the experience and lessons of foreign-funded enterprises.

(A) SWOT analysis of Xiamen's local retail industry

SWOT analysis is one of the most commonly used methods to comprehensively analyze the strategic factors of internal and external environment of enterprises, which was put forward by the design school in 1960s. Using SWOT analysis method, we can comprehensively analyze the mutual restrictive factors of internal conditions (S) and disadvantages (W) and external environmental opportunities (O) and threats (T) at a glance, and make a deeper analysis and evaluation from the interrelationship of internal and external environmental conditions.

1. strength: a large number of foreign capitals have landed in the local retail market, which does not mean that local retail enterprises have no living space. Local retail enterprises should not only see the gap with international retail giants, but also see the advantages of local enterprises in geography, history and humanities.

Although foreign-funded retail enterprises have the advantages of brand, talents, marketing technology, financial strength and management ability, from the actual operating situation, foreign-funded retail enterprises will face the conflict of unfamiliar culture, especially consumer culture after entering the China market. For example, "one-stop shopping" is convenient and can meet the needs of modern fast-paced life. In Xiamen, the pace of life and work is relatively mild compared with international metropolises such as Shanghai and Beijing. Xiamen is a small city with convenient life, and citizens prefer "leisure shopping". Therefore, through appropriate strategies, some powerful local commercial enterprises can also strive for enough market survival space for themselves. According to the sales statistics of chain stores (companies) above designated size in 2005, domestic enterprises in Xiamen are far ahead in both sales and the number of stores. In 2005, the annual sales of domestic chain enterprises was 546,543.8 billion yuan, accounting for 92.3% of the chain stores (companies) above designated size in the city. There are 530 stores, accounting for 87.5% of chain stores (companies) above designated size in the city.

2. Weaknesses: Compared with local retail enterprises, foreign retail giants do have many obvious advantages, such as global purchase channels, advanced management concepts, strong financial strength, unified logistics distribution system, huge business scale, advanced business format, advanced supply chain management model and so on. In particular, the multinational retail giants who entered the local market in the early days have woven an efficient supply chain in China and controlled a large number of suppliers, which has brought them greater operational and price advantages in the new round of expansion and posed a great threat to the survival of the local retail industry. Local retail enterprises generally have difficulties in financing and their strength is weak. According to the report of the Business Reform and Development Department of the Ministry of Commerce in 2005, the total assets of An Baili Group, the largest circulation enterprise in China, were 34 billion yuan, only 4.3% of that of Wal-Mart. Comparing the long-term and short-term loans of three famous foreign retailers such as Wal-Mart, Carrefour and Metro with those of Lianhua Supermarket, Hualian Supermarket and Beijing Hualian, the total long-term and short-term liabilities of China enterprises are obviously higher than those of foreign enterprises. The net profit retention of supermarket 10 and chain top 100 is 1.77% and 1.32% respectively, while the average abroad is 2.22%. This high-debt and low-profit mode of operation has formed a huge obstacle to the expansion of local retail enterprises. In addition, according to the boom monitoring data, the financing index of wholesale and retail enterprises in Xiamen has been hovering between "low recession" and "low recession" since the first quarter of 2005. It can be seen that the wholesale and retail enterprises in Xiamen generally have the problem of poor financing, which also brings troubles to the long-term development of enterprises. At the same time, from the current point of view, the retail market in Xiamen tends to be homogeneous, with little difference, which cannot meet the needs of customers. Just walk into a supermarket. If you don't recognize it from the front, it is difficult to know which supermarket it is. Obviously, this situation is not conducive to the survival of local retail enterprises in the fierce commercial war.

3. Opportunity: The entry of foreign businessmen has rapidly improved the overall level of Xiamen's retail industry. To be exact, the biggest positive effect of foreign retailers is the "catfish effect", which activates local retail enterprises in Xiamen through foreign capital entering the domestic market competition. To sum up:

(1) Foreign businessmen have brought international advanced modern marketing methods, such as private brand management, store management of foreign fast food and various business models. For example, Wal-Mart's concepts of "everyday parity" and "one-stop shopping" and Metro's warehouse membership system have been fully affirmed by the government and favored by consumers.

(2) The entry of foreign businessmen will inevitably bring about "technology spillover", such as supply chain management, loss prevention technology in supermarkets and the introduction of information technology, which are all lacking in domestic businesses. A large number of people have learned a lot of advanced management knowledge in their contact and work with foreign companies, which has been spread in the industry.

(3) The presence of large-scale foreign-funded retail enterprises in Xiamen has also produced certain attraction and radiation effects, stimulated the consumption desire of residents in surrounding areas, and brought huge business opportunities to the retail market in Xiamen.

4. Threat: With the intensification of competition, the original retail pattern in Xiamen may be broken. At the same time that domestic and foreign chain giants are pouring in, the single stores they support will be the first to be affected. Due to the inability to form scale effect, single stores lack advantages in cost, advertising and experience, and the operation of funds is not as convenient as chain stores. Once there is a problem in the capital chain, it may "take the lead and move the whole body", leading to paralysis.

Through SWOT analysis, we know that Xiamen local enterprises still have unique cultural and regional advantages compared with foreign retail enterprises, although there are gaps in financial strength and technology. Therefore, how to tap their own advantages and seek the focus of market competition is the primary consideration for enterprises.

(B) Analysis of Five Forces Model of Xiamen Local Retail Industry

Shouting that the foreign retail giant wolf is coming, but it is not. For example, Carrefour withdrew from the British market in the 1960s, and 1993 completely withdrew from the American market. In recent years, it has withdrawn from many Asian countries and regions such as Japan, South Korea and Hong Kong. Why are the international retail giants that have achieved good development in China losing ground in these important international markets? What enlightenment does this have for retail enterprises in Xiamen?

Next, with the help of the five-force model, this paper analyzes the main sources of strength of local retail enterprises in Xiamen in the competition. The so-called five-force model refers to collecting five main sources of competition (namely, the bargaining power of suppliers and buyers, the threat of potential entrants, the threat of substitutes and the competition among enterprises in the same industry) in the same model to analyze the basic competitive situation of an industry. This paper mainly analyzes the competitive relationship between local retail enterprises in Xiamen and suppliers and consumers respectively (see figure 1).