What are the ancient family rules and regulations?

I. Ji Dan's "Book of Commandment to Bo Bird" in the early Western Zhou Dynasty

Original text: Therefore, the old is not abandoned without a great cause, and there is no need to seek to prepare for one person. A gentleman who is strong like an ox does not compete with the ox for strength; who walks like a horse does not compete with the horse for walking; who is wise like a scholar does not compete with the scholar for wisdom. He who is broad in virtue and observes it with respect, honors; he who is wise and intelligent and observes it with foolishness, benefits.

Translation: If a relative or deceased person has not committed a serious fault, do not abandon him. Don't seek to blame someone for everything. Even if a virtuous person is as strong as an ox, he will not be competitive with the size of the ox.

Even if one is as swift as a horse, one does not compete with the horse in speed; even if one is as wise as a scholar, one does not compete with the scholar in intelligence. He who has great virtue and conducts himself with humility will be honored; and he who is wise and conducts himself with foolishness will gain much.

Two: The Family Tradition of Confucius in the State of Lu at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period

Originally, if you don't learn poetry, you can't speak; if you don't learn rituals, you can't stand.

Translation: One day Confucius stood in the courtyard, and his son Kong Li "tended to cross the court", that is, he walked quickly with small steps. In the presence of superiors and elders, you should walk with your head bowed and walk quickly in this way, which is called "tend".

Seeing his father, Confucius, standing in the courtyard, Kong Lei lowered his head and "tended" to him, and Confucius said, "Halt! "No." If you don't learn poetry, how can you speak" - how can you speak if you don't learn poetry?

On another day, Confucius was standing in the courtyard again, and Kong Lei again "tended to cross the court", and Confucius said, "Stop, have you learned the rites?" "Not yet"." If you don't learn the rites, how can you stand up?

Three, the Three Kingdoms period of the Prime Minister of Shu Zhuge Liang, "Commandments to the son," "Commandments to the nephew"

Original text: quiet to cultivate the body, thrift to cultivate virtue. If you are not tranquil, you will not be able to realize your ambition, and if you are not quiet, you will not be able to achieve the goal. (The Book of Commandments)

Translation: To improve one's cultivation by tranquility, and to cultivate one's virtue by frugality. Without tranquility, one cannot be clear about one's ambitions, and without removing external distractions, one cannot reach a far-reaching goal.

When one's ambition is high and far-reaching, one should admire the past sages, eliminate emotions and desires, and abandon stagnation, so as to make the ambition of the common people, to reveal and to feel compassionately; to tolerate flexion and stretching, to remove the trivialities, to consult widely, and to eliminate suspicion and misgivings. (Commandments to Nephews)

Translation: One should set up lofty ideals, admire the sages, restrain one's passions and desires, and get rid of the vulgar thoughts that are stuck in one's chest, so that the noble aspirations that are almost close to those of the sages can be clearly manifested in one's body, and can make you vibrate inwardly and be sympathetic to one's feelings. To be able to adapt to the smooth, twists and turns of different situations, get rid of trivial matters and feelings of entanglement, a wide range of people to ask for advice, eradicate their own resentment.

Fourth, the Jin Dynasty Langya Wang family training

Originally: the words and deeds can be replied to, the letter of the most important thing; push the beauty of the introduction of the most important thing, the most important thing, the most important thing, the most important thing, the most important thing, the most important thing, the most important thing, the most important thing, the most important thing, the most important thing, the most important thing, the most important thing, the most important thing, the most important thing, the most important thing, the most important thing, the most important thing, the most important thing, the most important thing, the most important thing.

Translation: To be consistent in word and deed is the essence of faith; to give up a good name to others and bear the faults oneself is the essence of virtue; to spread a good name to make one's relatives prominent is the essence of filial piety; to make one's brothers happy, and one's clan happy is the essence of brotherly love; and to do nothing better than to yield humbly to one's wealth is the essence of establishing one's own life: these are the five principles of the foundation of a person's life.

V. The Collection of Ouyang Yongshu by Ouyang Xiu of the Northern Song Dynasty

Original text: "If jade is not faceted, it does not become a tool; if a man does not learn, he does not know." However, the jade is a thing, there is the constant virtue of unchanging; although not cut as a tool, but not harmful to the jade also. The human nature, due to things and move, do not learn, then give up the gentleman and for the villain, can not read! Pay game.

Translation: Jade is not carved, can not be made into objects; people do not learn, will not understand the reason. However, jade has the property of being eternal and unchanging, and even if it is not polished and made into objects, it is still jade and will not be damaged.

The nature of man is subject to change when he is influenced by external things. Therefore, if people don't learn, they will lose the noble character of a gentleman and become a villain with bad behavior, is it not worth thinking about?