English en pronunciation rules

The following are the rules for pronouncing English en:

(1) Vowel Pronunciation Rules:

1. Short vowels (a, e, i, o, u) are generally pronounced as the letter is pronounced, such as "cat", "bet", and "sit".

2. Long vowels are generally pronounced using the letter name, such as "cake" (/ke?k/), "bee" (/bi?/).

3. The Schwa sound (/? /) is usually found in non-stressed syllables, such as "about" (/?ba?t/).

(2) Consonant Pronunciation Rules:

1. Consonant letters sometimes have a silent sound, such as "knife" (/na?f/).

2. Consonants in stressed syllables are generally pronounced as the letters are pronounced, such as "bed" (/b?d/), "dog" (/d?ɡ/).

3, consonant letter combinations sometimes have special pronunciation rules, such as "ch" is pronounced /t?/ (such as "chair" /tr/), "th" is pronounced /θ/ (such as "think" /θ?k/) or /? / (as in "this" /?s/).

(3) Rules for pronouncing double-written consonants:

1. Double-written consonants are usually pronounced shorter in words with stressed syllables, such as "letter" (/?l?t?r/).

2. Words with "-ed" after a consonant letter are usually pronounced /t/ or /d/, as in "played" (/ple?d/).

(4) Weak and Consecutive Pronunciation Rules:

1. Consecutive pronounciation blurs the boundaries of neighboring words, e.g. "I am" is usually pronounced as /"a?m/.

2. The phenomenon of weakening blurs the pronunciation of consonants, as in the case of "bottle" (/?bɑt?l/), where the consonant /t/ is barely pronounced.

Notes on the pronunciation of English en

1. Phonetic Pronunciation: According to the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), the standard pronunciation of the syllable "en" is /?n/. This phoneme represents a medium open front vowel sound /? / followed by a clear nasal /n/.

2. The short vowel /?

2. Pronunciation of the short vowel /? /? / is similar to the vowel phoneme in the English word "bed". Place the tip of your tongue behind your lower teeth and open your lips slightly to make a short, light "e" sound.

3. Clear nasal /n/ pronunciation: When /n/ is pronounced, the tip of the tongue is lightly touched to the upper gums, and the nasal sound is transmitted through the nasal cavity.