Eight characteristics of Huizhou architecture

1, horse head wall, is an important feature of Huizhou architecture. High horse-head wall, in the event of fire in neighboring homes, play a role in isolating the fire source, so the horse-head wall is also known as the fire wall.

2. Enclosed courtyards and courtyards. Courtyard is the main form of expression of Chinese architecture for thousands of years, enclosure, not only refers to the physical protection, but to establish the relationship between people, enclosure to form an independent and complete local space and feel a sense of security and a sense of belonging.

3, vermilion door, hollowed out windows. Vermilion, also known as Chinese red, vermilion indicates nobility and authority, vermilion door symbolizes the solemnity. Hollow window is through the carving techniques to achieve different styles of symbolic patterns, play a role in decorative beautification, but also has the function of lighting and ventilation, dust, and division of space.

4, stone carving, wood carving, brick carving. Huizhou wood carving, stone carving, brick carving art is good at dealing with the raw material color, can dissolve in the building as a whole, but also like ink painting, fresh and elegant, especially wood carving art, more antique buildings to add flowers.

5, sloping roof. In China, the slope of the roof is almost synonymous with traditional architecture, in traditional architecture occupies a pivotal position.

6, flying eaves. China's unique architectural structure, it is an ancient Chinese architecture in the eaves of a special treatment and creation, commonly used in pavilions, platforms, buildings, pavilions, palaces, temples, the corner of the roof.

7, courtyard. The planning and layout of the courtyard building to the north-south axis symmetrical arrangement and closed independent courtyard as the basic features.

8, brick, Daiwa or pink wall. "Powder wall Daiwa" that is, snow-white walls, green and black tiles, used to describe the house. Architectural color, Jiangnan residential brick, pink walls, Daiwa, forming a rustic, elegant style, the roof is green tile, the outer wall with brick, roof, eaves, empty bucket wall, Guanyin Dui ridge or horse head wall, forming a high and low staggered rhythm of the shape and the pink walls, Daiwa, the courtyard of deep architectural group style.

China's architectural style

1, Anhui architecture

Anhui architecture is honored in its elegance of a thousand years of Huizhou-style houses. It can be said that Anhui architecture is one of the most prominent architectural styles in the six major architectural schools. Characterized by green tiles and white walls, the brick gatehouse is the most significant.

The Anhui School is one of the most familiar schools of architecture in China, and was listed on the World Heritage List in 2000. In particular, the most typical of the houses, ancestral halls and pagodas, known as the Huizhou ancient construction of the three best.

The architectural style of Huizhou style houses and "three carvings" (wood carving, stone carving, brick carving), different styles, but also the same lineage. The skilled craftsmen and craftsmen to exert their skills, each pattern, each carving, the structure is rigorous, carving exquisite.

The Huizhou-style houses are centered on a deep patio, forming an inward-looking courtyard. Surrounded by high walls, rainwater from the four sides of the roof flows into the patio, commonly known as the "four waters return to the hall", which also figuratively reflects the mentality of the Huizhou merchants, who "do not want to let the water flow into the outsiders' fields".

The staggered horse-head wall is the finishing touch to the entire Huizhou architecture. Not only is it beautifully modeled, but it also incorporates the wisdom of the ancients. In the event of fire, such a design can block the spread of fire, safe and reliable.

2, Suzhou school of architecture

Su school of architecture is honored that it exists for thousands of years in Suzhou gardens. The Suzhou school of architecture is the architectural style of Jiangsu and Zhejiang, is a collection of southern and northern architectural style, garden layout is one of its distinguishing features.

The roofs with high ridges and corners, the Jiangnan style of horseback buildings, brick-carved doorways, Ming tiled windows and street buildings are light and simple, simple and elegant, reflecting the artistic characteristics of clear, light, elegant and plain, and are full of the meaning of the simple and quiet Jiangnan water town.

Classical Chinese gardens pay attention to the twists and turns, hidden but not exposed. Being in it, all around the flow of the "winding paths through the secluded place, Zen room flowers and trees deep", "all the music is silent, but the remaining chime sound" feeling. There are meanders in the direct exposure, and there are ups and downs in the soothing place, which makes people savor the experience.

3, Min school of architecture

The honor of Min school of architecture lies in its inheritance of more than 500 years of earth building. Min, that is, Fujian, Min residential that is popular in southern Fujian region of an architectural style. Among them, "Tulou" is its most distinctive representative, is a kind of for gathering and living, and has the defense performance of the residential building.

Tulou is a kind of residential building with defense performance for living in a group.

Tulou is a kind of soil-rammed building that brings the technology of soil-ramming into full play, and the scale of single building is grand and fine, and the bunker style of building is still used today.

It originated from the ancient Central Plains of raw earth plate building construction technology, Song and Yuan period has appeared, the Ming and Qing dynasties tend to flourish, continues to this day.

The Min school of architecture will be a long history of raw soil rammed construction technology to the extreme, single building scale, different forms, depending on the mountains and the water, staggered; architectural style is unique, engineering technology, rich in cultural connotations.

The common types are round building, square building, five phoenix building, palace-style building, etc., the building production, life, defense facilities are complete, is a unique type of traditional Chinese residential architecture, for architecture, anthropology and other disciplines of the study provides valuable physical information.

"Big Fish Begonia" is a national comic movie with Yongding Hakka Tulou, as the story scene, as its author said, "The Tulou in China's Fujian Province, has a dream-like mystery, like from a paradise outside the world."

4, Beijing-style architecture

The honor of Beijing-style architecture lies in its courtyard, which has evolved over 700 years. Northern China's architecture is most typical of Beijing-style architecture, and Beijing's courtyard, the courtyard is spacious and sparse, and the houses are independent on all sides. From large royal palaces and royal residences to small commoners' houses, every carving and every colorful painting is a priceless treasure of northern culture.

Historically, there were more than a thousand hutongs in the old Beijing city of Sijiu, and the residential courtyards in the capital were scattered in the hutongs. Hutongs are also one of the elements of the folk culture of Old Beijing, which is the carrier of the common people's life and labor, and has a deep historical value.

The location, decoration, carvings and paintings of the courtyard houses reflect the long history of folk customs and traditional culture, and express the people's pursuit of happiness, beauty, wealth and good fortune under certain historical conditions.

The courtyard is a cohesive memory of the people who have lived here for generations. The courtyard is wide, with a suitable scale, and the courtyard is friendly and quiet, with a simple and strong atmosphere of life. It is also a perfect place to invite your friends to have a good time in the courtyard in your spare time.

In addition to the courtyard, the palace building is also a masterpiece of Beijing-style architecture, of which the Forbidden City is the palace building of the dynastic works, but also represents the highest level of traditional architectural art. It can be seen as a huge courtyard, with broader functions and clearer division of labor, giving a sense of royal majesty.

5, Jin School of Architecture

Jin School of Architecture's dignity lies in its magnificent Qiaojia compound, arch flying eaves, colorful decorations and gold, brick and tile milling, the city building fine, six compounds of more than three hundred houses in a staggered manner, showing the Jin businessman's stability and atmosphere, rigorous and deep.

Jin school is just a general term, not only refers to the area of Shanxi, but also includes Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia and parts of Qinghai. The architectural style of Shanxi is the most mature among these regions, so it is collectively called Jin School architecture.

The Jin School of architecture is divided into two categories: one is the urban architecture of Shanxi, which is the narrow sense of the Jin School of architecture; the other is the kiln building in northern Shaanxi and the surrounding areas, which is the most widely distributed in the northwest region of an architectural style.

Jin school of architecture to a large extent reflects the character of the Jin merchants, stable, atmospheric, rigorous, deep; arch flying eaves, colorful decorative gold, brick and tile grinding, fine workmanship. The culture and spirit it contains is an unparalleled wealth.

And in the northern part of Shaanxi, the ancestors of the Loess Plateau is in the kiln to survive, reproduce and grow up. For thousands of years, no matter how much society has changed, the dominance of the kiln in northern Shaanxi has not been shaken.

The kiln chose the Loess Plateau, the Loess Plateau chose the people, the people also chose the kiln, this kind of natural dialectic, hidden in the untold mystery.

The kiln is warm in winter and cool in summer, the sky is blue and bright, and the air is refreshing. This ancient and magical, deep and robust yellow land, the kiln with her broad-minded, sincere feelings, nurturing generations of Shaanbei people.

6, Chuan school of architecture

The honor of the Chuan school of architecture, is that it is a blend of multi-ethnic wisdom of the footstools, as a living fossil of the Ba Chu culture, built on the mountains by the river on the situation, the silk eaves walk fence into a school of its own, seemingly random but very careful, and has become a thousand years of national cultural heritage.

The Sichuan School of Architecture, an architectural style popular in Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou and other places, is a unique architectural style for local ethnic minorities. The Dai bamboo buildings, Dong drum towers and western Sichuan footstools are the most distinctive features of the Sichuan school of architecture.

The Dai Bamboo Building is a special form of residence created by the Dai people according to local conditions. The Dai people have been living in bamboo buildings for more than 1400 years.

The Bamboo House is a kind of dry-fence building, mainly constructed with bamboo, the lower floor is about seven or eight feet high, with no cover rails, and cows and horses are tied to the pillars. The upper floor near the stairs there is a balcony, with a bamboo fence separating the master bedroom and important money storage, and the rest of a large open room. The center of the building is a fire pit, burning day and night.

The Dong drum tower is a unique style of buildings in the Dong village, the drum tower towers in the Dong village, standing tall and majestic.

Flying eaves and layers of pagoda-shaped, painted or sculpted on the eaves of landscapes, flowers, dragons and phoenixes, birds and ancient figures, clouds and fog, colorful, Dong village scenery can be described as full.

The western Sichuan footstools, also known as "hanging buildings", are built on the mountains and rivers, in the shape of a tiger. Hanger belongs to the dry-rail type building, but with the general reference to the dry-rail is different. The dry rail should be all overhanging, so called the foot of the hanging building for the semi-dry rail type building.

Hanging-foot buildings have a lot of benefits, high hanging ground ventilation and dry, but also to prevent poisonous snakes, wild animals, floor boards can be put under the sundries. Hammock also has distinctive ethnic characteristics, elegant "silk eaves" and wide "walking rail" so that the hammock is in a class of its own, known as the "living fossil" of the Ba Chu culture.