What is feudal thought?

Question 1: What is feudal thought? Feudal thought is a feudal moral concept formed by maintaining the feudal ethical code system, which is mostly an extension of Confucian thought and behavior.

First, the feudal hierarchy

"three cardinal guides and five permanent members"

Outline of monarch and minister, 1, suppressing people's resistance consciousness 2, derived from high pressure and low pressure

bureaucratism

The father-son plan seems a bit excessive, but it is better.

The couple plan restricts the status of women, which leads to male chauvinism and men are superior to women.

concept

Second, restrictions on women.

1, the concept of family status, paying attention to "the right family", limits the freedom of marriage.

2. Arranged marriage, parents' orders and matchmakers' words restrict the freedom of marriage.

3. "Three Obediences and Four Virtues" restrict the status of women less from fathers, husbands and old children.

The "four virtues" are also centered on men, as well as chastity, and so on

Third, there are three kinds of unfilial, and there is no idea of carrying on the family line after the big queen.

Fourth, filial piety, which should be good, but the concept of "old people don't travel far" and incense.

Not so good.

Five, ghosts and gods view destiny view fatalism view

Most of the feudal thoughts were eliminated because they didn't adapt to this society, but some of them played a good role in social atmosphere.

Question 2: What does feudal thought mean? Feudal thought is the combination of feudalism and thought. It is a specific word formed in history, which generally refers to the general name of ideas and concepts formed by the old morality and ethics that maintained feudal rule. Feudal thought is different from feudal social thought. Feudal thought in the daily sense refers to an outdated, backward concept that needs to be abandoned. Feudal social thought has both positive and progressive thoughts and negative and backward thoughts, and excellent traditional thought and culture should be inherited and carried forward.

Question 3: What does feudalism mean? The so-called feudalism, should be fiefs to build princes. But I also think that what we say about feudalism and its original meaning are misplaced. Nowadays, feudalism seems to have some traditional things that run counter to our democracy and freedom. We often talk about feudal paternalism and so on.

Feudal society, which means the social state of feudal system, is an academic term commonly used by Marxist historians.

The origin of the word feudalism is based on legal arguments. Marxist historians believe that it mainly emphasizes the division of land ownership. At present, feudal society and capitalist society are generally compared.

debate

Many western and overseas historians do not think that China had a feudal society in a strict sense, nor do they think that China's feudalism was limited to the Zhou Dynasty or even the Western Zhou Dynasty (see the system of enfeoffment). However, according to Marxist historiography, most countries and regions in history have experienced feudal social periods, such as Europe from the 9th century to about15th century. Since the Warring States Period, China has experienced a long feudal period. In feudal society, apart from emphasizing the ownership of land division, there is usually an obvious top-down class system.

The nature of feudal society

In feudal society, the natural economy was an economic structure based on land, combining agriculture with handicrafts, and taking the family as the production unit, which was self-enclosed and independent and mainly met the mutual needs of self. Most of the key means of production in this economic structure are in the hands of landlords (or feudal lords), so a class relationship of "landlords (feudal lords) exploiting farmers" can be formed.

In feudal society, the fundamental rule of the landlord class over other classes was feudal land ownership. By seizing land as means of production, the landlord class extorts land rent and usury from farmers who use land and exploits other classes. At the same time, different forms of feudal land ownership can be realized through contract leasing, paying land rent, hiring tenant farmers, etc., but its essence is still a relationship between exploitation and exploitation, which will not change the feudal society as the essence of class society.

Unique feudal thought

Feudal society often has quite obvious class system, such as the patriarchal clan system in China and the hierarch-king-Lord-jazz system in Western Europe, forming a pyramid-like ruling structure, but the relationship between them is not so perfect. Usually the Lord's jazz will no longer be loyal to the king, so there is a famous saying that "I am a minister, not a minister." However, this ruling structure can be maintained for a long time, which is the ideology of feudal society: it is usually based on "sovereign power", which combines some ideas that are beneficial to the ruling class and also contains some excellent moral values, the most typical of which is China's "Confucianism".

Changes in feudal society

What fundamentally shook feudal rule was the destruction of its relations of production. Peasant uprising and bourgeois revolution are both class struggles aimed at changing feudal land ownership (and thus changing the whole feudal system). Among them, the most typical is the basic production relationship of capitalism-wage labor.

The earliest capitalism was born in Italy with developed commodity economy at that time, such as Florence and Venice.

The natural economy representing capitalism is a commodity economy with commodity exchange and commodity production as its core. Because the purpose of production has changed from single satisfaction to providing goods to the society, the relations of production will be different from the original feudal system. Due to the development of commodity economy, the original natural economy was impacted and began to disintegrate. Farmers and craftsmen began to lose the means of production and become the proletariat, and then factory owners, that is, the earliest bourgeoisie, signed employment agreements with them, formed new production relations and hired labor.

With the disintegration of the capitalist economy to the original feudal natural economy, the increasingly powerful bourgeoisie has the ability to eliminate all factors that are contrary to the development of capitalism, such as the ideas of "divine right of nature" and "three cardinal guides and five permanents", and the production structure such as male ploughing and female weaving, and finally overthrow the feudal society and establish a capitalist country.

The destination of feudal society

Usually, feudal society will be transformed into capitalist society due to the development of productive forces. According to the various relations between the bourgeoisie and the feudal class, constitutional monarchy (Britain, Russia, the Second Reich of Germany, Japan, etc. ) and a * * * harmonious system (French * * Republic, German * * Republic, United States of America, etc. ) will form.

However, there are also special changes. For example, China changed from a feudal society to a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society, and then crossed the capitalist society into a socialist society. (See * * *, * * and * * producing countries) ... >>

Question 4: What does feudal thought mean? Feudal thought is a feudal moral concept formed by maintaining the feudal ethical code system, which is mostly an extension of Confucian thought and behavior.

First, the feudal hierarchy

"three cardinal guides and five permanent members"

Outline of monarch and minister, 1, suppressing people's resistance consciousness 2, derived from high pressure and low pressure

bureaucratism

The father-son plan seems a bit excessive, but it is better.

The couple plan restricts the status of women, which leads to male chauvinism and men are superior to women.

concept

Second, restrictions on women.

1, the concept of family status, paying attention to "the right family", limits the freedom of marriage.

2. Arranged marriage, parents' orders and matchmakers' words restrict the freedom of marriage.

3. "Three Obediences and Four Virtues" restrict the status of women less from fathers, husbands and old children.

The "four virtues" are also centered on men, as well as chastity, and so on.

Third, there are three kinds of unfilial, and there is no idea of carrying on the family line after the big queen.

Fourth, filial piety, which should be good, but the concept of "old people don't travel far" and incense.

Not so good.

Five, ghosts and gods view destiny view fatalism view

Most of the feudal thoughts were eliminated because they didn't adapt to this society, but some of them played a good role in social atmosphere.

Question 5: What does feudalism mean in feudal thought? "Feudalism" means "establishing a country by collecting fiefs". It means that the king enfeoffed the vassals to them and let them establish a country in feudal areas. The word feudalism now also refers to conservative and backward ideas.

Question 6: What is patriarchal feudalism? The idea that men are superior to women comes from Confucianism (Dong Zhongshu)' s theory that Guiyang is not as good as Yin. It is believed that monarch, father and son and husband and wife are the most important relationships (three cardinal guides and five permanents), and these three relationships have a natural and eternal master-slave relationship: the monarch is the master and the minister is the follower; The father is the master and the son is the slave; The husband is the master and the wife is the slave. The so-called "the monarch is the minister, the father is the son, and the husband is the wife". The three cardinal guides and the five permanents are all taken from the way of yin and yang. Specifically, monarch, father and husband embody the "yang" side of heaven, while ministers, sons and wives embody the "yin" side of heaven; Yang is always in a dominant and noble position, while Yin is always in a subordinate and humble position. In this way, the dominant position of monarch, patriarchy and husband power was established, and the feudal hierarchy and political order were sanctified as the fundamental laws of the universe.