What did the ancient Chinese use to wash their hair and bathe?

Ancient Chinese washed their hair with soap horn or hog ling. Poria was used by the rich people, the poria was added with some spices, after using it, there will be a stronger aroma. The ordinary people will use the soap horn to wash their hair.

Checking out the information, I found that the ancient people are much more hygienic than we thought, the Qin and Han Dynasties, has formed the habit of washing the hair in three days and bathing in five days. So much so, that the one day of vacation given by the government every five days was also known as "resting and bathing". The record of the sea record of broken things Ministers and bureaucrats recorded that "the Han law, five days a gift of rest bath, to return to the rest bath out of the visit."

The ancients also used pancreas, bath beans bath. Tang Dynasty, the pancreas also has the role of frostbite cream. Higher-grade called "face medicine" and "mouth fat", used to coat the face and mouth. They were given to officials in the palace in winter. Du Fu "waxing day" in the "lipstick face medicine with the grace, cui pipe silver poppy down nine sky." This is the case. Dare to winter labor insurance products in ancient times also have issued.

Ancient people wash clothes with grass ash and soap horn. Wash your head with rice water, called this Pan. Such as "Zuo Zhuan 哀公十四年"，有 "合疾而遗之潘汁。"

Extracted a paragraph, as follows, if interested can look.

The history of bathing

One, the formation of pre-Qin bathing rituals

Bathing, that is, today's commonly referred to as bathing, including the head, body, hands and feet of the bath. However, the ancients were divided into very fine, East Han Xu Shen "Shuowen Jiezi" cloud:

Mu, Maundy hair also.

Bath, sprinkle body also.

Washing, sprinkling feet.

Bath, sprinkle hands.

The so-called "Maundy" and "sprinkle" means to wash. Accordingly, it seems that the meaning of the ancient bath and today's bath do not completely match, and only Xu Shen on the "Mu", "bath", "wash", " Only by combining Xu Shen's interpretations of "bath," "bathing," "washing," and "showering" can we have a complete picture of today's bathing.

The first people bathed only in the river. With the development of society, people gradually developed the habit of bathing, as late as in the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, there are oracle bones and gold inscriptions in the "bathing" records. Mu, the shape of the word like hands scooping up pots of water to bathe the hair, will mean bath, is the meaning of shampooing; bath, the shape of the word like a person in the vessel, and on both sides of the person plus the water droplets in the casserole, will mean bath, is the meaning of bathing. The vessels used for bathing bronze Jian, "Shuowen Jiezi" cloud: "Jian, large pots also," water used as a washing machine, "Zhuangzi - then Yang" has "Ling Gong has a wife of three people, with the Jian and bath" records. In the bronze mirror has not yet been introduced, the ancients often to identify the water to look at the face, the oracle bone "Supervisor" (Supervisor, identify the same word for the ancient and modern) like a person bending over on the Petri dish to look at the shape of the face. From the "surplus" glyph, like a person bathing in the bath, and "bath" word glyph is similar, slightly different only "surplus" word in the bath " The only difference is that in the bath vessel of the character "盈"", the foot is shown to be bathing naked" (Kang Yin, "Ancient Textual Sources and Streams: A Brief Introduction"). The glyphs of the character "盈" show the scene of the pre-Qin people bathing in a bathtub.

During the Western Zhou period, bathing rituals were gradually customized. As bathing has been y into all aspects of society, people have a deep understanding of bathing, not only to bathe simply as a clean body, moisturizing and nourishing; and regarded as a grand ritual of the pre-Qin. Sacrifice to the gods and ancestors before they have to bathe and purify their bodies, which has been a fixed law, indicating that the inner cleanliness and piety, known as the precepts, also known as fasting. The ritual of fasting began in Yin Shang, to the Western Zhou has been customized, the Western Zhou precepts are very grand and elaborate, every major sacrificial activities to be carried out before the two fasting, the first in the sacrifice of ten days or three days before the call for fasting, the second in the sacrifice of three days or one day before the call for the dormitory, are presided over by the dedicated officials of the ceremony, the requirements of the sacrifices with the ban on meat and fish and bathing and purification, in order to show the gods of the solemnity of the spirit. Fasting and bathing has been an important part of the Western Zhou court sacrificial rites, by a full-time official in charge. This is documented in the Zhou Rites.

Bathing is closely linked to the behavioral norms of people's lives. The Book of Rites - Nei Zi (《礼记-内则》) reads, "Men and women rise at an early hour, bathe in their clothes, and have a view of the new moon and food." When living at home, men and women should get up early and bathe and change their clothes. As a couple of rituals, there are "dare not *** bathhouse", the wife and husband *** can not use a bathroom, the so-called "outside and inside not *** well, not *** bathhouse". In the family there is also respect for the elderly etiquette, "five days, then the tsuba soup bath, three days with the bath. During this time, face dirt, tsuba tanpan please multi-color hui; foot dirt, tsuba soup please wash". The rite stipulates that the juniors should burn warm water once every five days to take a bath for their parents, and once every three days to burn warm water to wash their parents' heads. If the parents' faces are dirty during this period, rice water should be burned to wash them clean; if the feet are dirty, warm water should be used to wash them clean. Bathing is also an important part of the birth rite. The Book of Rites - Nei Zi (礼记-内则) reads, "When a son is born, the ruler bathes and wears a court dress, and the wife also does the same." It also reads, "When a son of a concubine is born, he will be in the side room, and at the end of the third month, his mother will bathe and see the ruler in his court dress." The prince was born, the king and his wife had to bathe and wear court dress to meet the king. In the etiquette of exchange, bathing is also an important rite of passage. In the Rites of Passage - Hire Rites, it is written: "If the ruler is a guest, he will take a bath on the third day, and on the fifth day he will take a bath." It is also written: "If the food is not given, the guests do not pay homage, but take a bath and eat." When the master entertained his guests with the gift of supper, the guests did not have to pay thanks, but had to take a bath before eating, to show their respect for the master. The Book of Rites - The Jade Bath also stipulates that "a gentleman's residence should always be in the same household" and that "he should wash his face five times a day and draw a hui Liang," and that "when he goes to bed outside his residence, he should bathe." The Rites of Passage - Shiyu Rites stipulates that before holding the Yu Rites Sacrifice, those who participate in the sacrifice should first wash their hair and take a bath, the so-called "Yu, bathe". Yu that is, Yu Li, in the middle of the day to sacrifice, to the soul of the dead for the sacrifice, is Yu Li.

In the Zhou system, when the vassals went to see the Son of Heaven, the Son of Heaven gave them a fief for bathing within the area of the king's capital, which was called "Tang Mu Yi". In the Rites of Passage and the System of Kingship, it is said, "When the ministers of the provinces went to see the Son of Heaven, they were all given an area for bathing in the county of the Son of Heaven." The lords had to wash their hair and take a bath in the area designated for bathing before going to see the Son of Heaven, to show their respect for the Son of Heaven. Confucius, who was responsible for restoring the rites to himself, practiced the rite of bathing, and the saying "Confucius bathed and went to court" has long been known to the world.

The pre-Qin rituals of bathing were formed and perfected, and it is the bathing deep into the society, deep into the summary of all aspects of life, as customized for the world to follow, which is also unique in the history of the world's bathing, focusing on the bathing is also an ancient tradition of the Chinese people.

Second, the Qin and Han emperors bathing anecdotes

Qin Yingzheng united China, creating a unified feudal authoritarian centralized state, calling himself the first emperor. At that time, there were hot springs at Mount Li in Lintong County, Shaanxi Province, and after Qin Shi Huang built his capital in Xianyang, he built a wide range of temples and buildings at Mount Li, built a pool of stone, and gave it the name of "Mount Li Soup", which made the hot springs at Mount Li a place for Qin Shi Huang's imperial baths.

According to "Taiping Yuban" Volume 7.1 cited "Xin's three Qin records", according to legend, Qin Shi Huang came to Mount Li one day to bathe, see a beautiful woman in the verdant and secluded springs side of the pavilion, the beauty of the abnormal, it will be born of lust, disregard for the etiquette, went up to molestation. The beauty was enraged, open mouth to the Qin Shi Huang spit counterattack, Qin Shi Huang immediately body sores, bleeding flow thick, pain unbearable. Qin Shi Huang realized that this was a goddess and was so frightened that he begged for forgiveness. The goddess washed him with hot spring water and cured him. That is why the legend of Mount Li Hot Spring, also known as "Goddess Soup", is quite interesting. The Goddess punished the unrivaled Emperor Qin Shi Huang, and then washed his sores with the hot spring water after he knew that he had apologized for his sins. This shows that Mount Li hot springs have "swallowed swelling to remove poison" medical function, so to the "Xin's three Qin record" cloud: "after people because of the bath". As early as in the Qin Dynasty, people recognized this function of Mount Li hot springs, have come to the hot springs to bathe to cure diseases. This legend also shows that Qin Shi Huang was very fond of bathing this fact.

The most famous palace of the Qin Dynasty, rumored to be the most famous palace in the future, was the Afang Palace. There were waterways in the palace, which brought the Wei Shui and Fan Shui into the palace, and the powdered water from the baths of the courtesans flowed out of the palace through the waterways, resulting in a layer of dirt and grease floating on the surface of the Wei Shui River. It can be imagined that the Afang Palace and many bathing facilities, designed for concubines to bathe, and these bathing facilities are well-designed, not only can absorb the river, but also through the cycle of sewage discharge, and even filtering of the WeiShui, FanShui facilities, so that it day and night, bubbling flow. Afang Palace in the bathing facilities can be described as a strange, Du Mu's description is not free of literary rhetoric exaggeration, but since standing between the lines there is still a real historical legacy, can be regarded as an example of the prevalence of bathing in Afang Palace.

Entering the Western Han Dynasty, Han Wu Di Liu Che in the history of the bathing-related records, since the pre-Qin Dynasty, there is the custom of purifying purification of the river, i.e., in March to the river to bathe in the twilight of spring to purify the ominous, to get rid of the disease and eliminate disasters. This custom is very popular in the Han Dynasty, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was often in the river to participate in the purification activities, in the water bath to go to the ominous prayers.

Ancient people held major sacrifices before, with the sacrifices to show fear of the gods, have to bathe and purify the body, otherwise it would be blasphemy, according to the "Yidu Jieguzhuan", one year, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty to the Ganquan Palace to sacrifice, then served as a servant of the Shu Zhang Kuan went with him. A group of people walked to the Wei Bridge, Han Wu Di suddenly found a woman in the water under the bridge to take a bath, the strange thing is that the woman's breasts are very large, seven feet long. Han Wu Di was very surprised, they sent someone to ask. The woman said, "The man in the seventh car behind the emperor knows where I come from." At that time, Zhang Kuan was sitting in the seventh car, and Emperor Wu sent someone to ask again. Zhang Kuan replied, "She is the Star of Heaven, in charge of sacrifices, and if the sacrificer is not clean in his fasting, the Long Breasted Woman will appear." The so-called fasting means that the sacrificer is required to abstain from meat and fish and to bathe and purify himself before the sacrifice. Obviously, the star in charge of the sacrifice is responsible for supervising the sacrificer's fasting, the god of the sky hate fasting is not clean, "every fast that is descending to see." According to Zhang Kuan's interpretation, the heavenly star in charge of sacrifices must be found in the sky sacrificers fasting is not clean, only phantom long breasts of women bathing in the Weishui River, to warn the sacrificers to seriously bathe and purify the body, otherwise not only can not be free from disaster and obtain the blessing, I am afraid that there is also a crime. After this incident, I think Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty again to participate in the ritual activities, will be serious about bathing and purification of the body.

The Qin and Han dynasties, the whole society bathing customs have been formed, especially the "rituals - bride-price" contained in the "three days with the Mu, five days with the bath" good customs, in the Han Dynasty has been formalized in the form of "Huimu" was fixed by the law. The so-called "Hu Mu" is the Han Dynasty court officials legal vacation. The Han Palace Instrument" cloud: "five days to wash and bathe on vacation, also known as Huimu." The primary record of the cloud: "Han law: the official five days a bath, the word rest to wash the bath also." The book of han - huo guang biography ":" light when the rest of the Mu out." Wang Guangqian supplementary note cloud: "" Tongjian " Hu note: Han system, the Chinese officials five days down Rishe rest." The emperor of the Han dynasty every five days to the officials a day off to let them go home to bathe and raincoat, and as a legal holiday is fixed, this is the first time in the history of our country to bathe as the reason for the development of the holiday, it is clear that the Han dynasty attaches great importance to the appearance of the river body and skin cleanliness, inside and outside of the court, up and down have a good habit of bathing often.

To the Tang Dynasty, "five days a bathing" was changed to officials every ten days to take a break to bathe once, called: "Hugh Raccoon". Commonly used in the first half of the month, the middle of the month, the second half of the month for the upper Han, in the Han, the lower Han, Han that is a variant of Raccoon, the original meaning is to wash, presumably because of ten days a Raccoon's sake, Raccoon has a sense of timing, a Raccoon for ten days, so the Tang Dynasty system of ten days a break bath with the name of the rest of the Raccoon.

Three, Wei, Jin, North and South Dynasties, aristocrats bathing strange habits

Aristocrats, as representatives of the upper class, the need for clean appearance and appearance of its Hirsch prestige to match. The Southern History - Liang Benji records that the Southern Liang Jianwen Emperor Xiao Gang was particularly fond of bathing, but also specializing in the writing of Liang three volumes of "bathing scripture", vigorously advocating bathing, which can be called China's earliest bathing monographs. For this reason, at that time, shampooing and bathing became a part of people's daily cleanliness and hygiene. Since pre-Qin has formed a three-day head wash, five days a bath of life customs, the ancients wash their heads so hard there is a reason, because in ancient times, both men and women are bundled hair over the towel, easy to accumulate dust and grease, so you must be diligent to wash their heads.

Jin Emperor Sima Rui and Prince Sima Shao, father and son, there is a dialog about washing hair is very interesting. History says that "the nature of filial piety" Prince Sima Shao heard his father washed his head, specifically to express blessings, because "auspicious day to bathe the head, the old life is more appropriate". And Jin Yuan Di's answer is head "big dirt odor", so to wash a good. It seems a head of long hair to wash a wash is also very laborious, Sima Shao and said, I heard that washing the head washed a long time, must be very fatigue, I do not know the father of the Emperor's dragon body how. Emperor Jin Yuan replied: wash away the dirt and grease feel especially good, the body does not feel tired at all. Wash hair comfortable, overflowing.

"Rituals - jade bath" had a set of procedures for bathing, bathing out of the water, to be divided into clean fine and coarse two towels to wipe the body, and then hot water drenched in hot water, draped in a special cloth, in order to wait for the body to dry, and in the meantime, but also to drink some drinks to quench their thirst. Such a bath is at least the middle class above the family can be, it should be said for the aristocrats bathing program, the poor people are unable to enjoy. Ancient people also have the custom of bathing must change clothes, "Chusi - Fisherman's Father" cloud: "the new Mu must play the crown, the new bath must change clothes." Jin Dynasty aristocrats have been bathing as an important element of personal hygiene, follow the ancient custom of bathing must change clothes. Southern Song Dynasty Liu Yiqing "Shishu Xinyi - Xianyuan" contained, car riding general Huanchong like to bathe, because of its thrifty do not like to wear new clothes. Once Huan Chong bathed, prayed to send new clothes to him on purpose. Huan Chong was angry and urged to take it away, and his wife said, "There are no new clothes, where is the old clothes." Huan Chong laughed at this and put on the new clothes. Huan Chong bath, his wife to send clothes, and regardless of the new clothes, old clothes, when people need to change clothes after the bath, put on clean clothes naturally much more comfortable.

However, the Wei, Jin, and North and South Dynasties were a time when human nature flourished, as Du Mu of the Tang Dynasty said in his poem "Runzhou," "Most of the South Dynasty were open-minded, and I pity the East Jin Dynasty for being the most flamboyant." In such an era, different people have different attitudes towards bathing, one is not good bathing, one is bathing into a fetish, to the extreme.

Bian Bin, a man of injustice in Jiyin of the Southern Dynasties, was a bully, but Bian Bin, "not careful in bathing and brushing, and not in time," resulting in a lot of lice and insects on the body, and despite the itch, he still did not bathe and claimed that he could also survive unscathed.

Hungry to eat, sleepy to sleep, dirt need to clean, this is as civilized people will have the content of life, only often bathing, in order to make people clean and hygienic. And the southern dynasty qi man he tongzhi but bath into a fetish. He Tongzhi was born in a famous noble family, the teacher of the heart alone, strong specialization, hand without stopping the volume, read the rites of more than three hundred articles, slightly all catchy. In the history of He Tong Zhi in addition to high talent famous, to let him make a big splash is that he has a bathing addiction, history books say that its human nature is good clean, often within a day, to bathe more than a dozen times, almost non-stop bathing all day long is still not enough. Because of one of the He Tong day dozen wash, people gave him a loud nickname called "water sex". Bathing body, pay attention to cleanliness and hygiene, this is a good habit, however, He Tong seems to be a little too much, a dozen times a day bath, such a person in the world is indeed rare, therefore, the Tang Li Yanshou wrote "Southern History" of He Tong when he made a biography, it is written prominently He Tong land bathing fetish. This point does let He Tong of all the limelight, Ming Li Zhi, Feng Menglong in his writings are talking about He Tong of bathing.

Four, Sui and Tang Royal love hot spring bath

Ancient people very early popular hot spring bath, but the hot spring bath is prevalent in the Tang Dynasty, due to the emperor loved to take a hot spring bath, so people mention hot spring bath, think of the Tang Dynasty, the famous Huaching Pond.

Shanxi Lishan hot springs, in the Qin Dynasty, there is a "goddess soup" of the name, since the Qin, thousands of cities and countries of the people come to bathe in hot springs one after another. Tang Taizong Zhenguan eighteen years, in Mount Li built "Tang bathing Palace"; Tianbao six years, Tang Xuanzong big construction, and then expanded, the spring pool into the luxurious palace, renamed "Huaqing Palace", because the palace and then above the spring pool, so also known as the "Huaqing Pond" was designed for the enjoyment of emperors and kings. Huaqing Pond is divided into nine dragons soup and hibiscus pool, nine dragons soup for the emperor to wash, hibiscus pool for Yang Guifei bathing, later also known as "Guifei Pond", and has a special management, "the old book of Tang Dynasty - Officials Zhi three" cloud: "hot springs Supervisor of the official forbidden things in charge of the pond", the hot springs! Supervisor of an official is responsible for the royal pool affairs of full-time officials. Archaeologists in the Tang Dynasty Huaqing Palace Royal Tang site excavated Lotus Tang, Begonia Tang, Star Tang, Prince Tang, Shangshi Tang and other five Tang site. This confirms the fifth generation Wang Renyu "Kaiyuan Tianbao remains - long soup sixteen" records: "Huaqing Palace in addition to the two soup, and other more long soup sixteen, concubines and such baths." Qing Dynasty Shi Menglan "full history of the Palace Lyrics" also cloud:

Rain over the Huaqing tree cool, the wind comes to the front hall jade turtle incense.

The supreme bath after the golden carriage out, concubines to find sixteen soup.

It can be seen that at that time there were many hot springs in Huaqing Palace, which was the heyday of the palace.

The Tang emperors, starting with Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty, were mostly fond of hot spring baths, and Emperor Li Zhi of the Tang Dynasty wrote a poem entitled "Passing through the Warm Soup". Tang Emperor Li Xian Jinglong three years in December driving to Xinfeng Warm Palace, giving bath pool, the ministers also have to offer poems, Shangguan Wan Er also endowed three poems into the offering, called "driving lucky Xinfeng Hot Springs Palace, offer three poems". And Tang Xuanzong Li Longji body, strike hot springs bath to the extreme. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty every October, together with Yang Guifei to Huaqing Palace winter, bathing and playing, enjoy the fun of the hot spring bath.

Then the ancient capital of Xi'an is surrounded by many hot springs, the most famous of which is the Lishan soup, Shimen soup and Fengquan soup. Lishan hot springs became the imperial wash place, Fengquan soup is also the emperor often go to the place, Tang Xuanzong in the "fortunate Fengquan soup" poem expresses "will be infinite zephyr, dip bathing with all the heart." And is located in Lantian Tangyu River mouth west of the Shimen Tang, although Tang Xuanzong failed to visit, but he was very concerned, specially named "Daxing Tang Yuan", and the water temperature to open up the Jade Maiden, melting snow, Lianzhu, Segue Yu and Maundy five ponds. At that time, people from all walks of life in Chang'an went to bathe, which was very popular for a while.

For the role of the hot springs of healing and health, Tang Xuanzong also has a lot of knowledge, he often soak Huaqing Palace hot springs, in the "only this hot spring is said to heal the disease, not to be the only one who suffered from its blessings, and think with the trillion people **** it, take the time to tour, is to say that their will" poem in the cloud:

Gui Palace and the mountain even, the Orchid Soup surging nature.

Shady cliffs contain beautiful colors, warm valley spit gurgling Yuan.

Performance for the remission of the evil, the work of raising positive publicity.

Wish I could say that there are hundreds of millions of people with this ****changyan.

Fifth, the Song and Yuan scholarly cool bath

Historians believe that about the Song and Yuan, with the development of the city and the prosperity of the commercial economy, the city appeared in the public **** bathhouses, while the general family built houses are equipped with bathrooms, bathing is more popular, and even the guests came from afar, the hosts to welcome the guests to set up the fragrant soup bath, and then set up a banquet reception, known as the washing of dust. Literati scholar is a good bath, which has been recorded in the literati notes.

Song and Yuan scholarly officials bathed in various forms, like Yang Jian, who was a high-ranking official and the highest-ranking official in the world, built his own special bath at home, which is quite similar to today's family swimming pools for rich people.

Yang Jian was a favorite minister of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty, and he was a powerful man who built a large luxurious pool and liked to bathe in it alone, but his bathing and swimming seemed to be one in the same, so it seems that he was very good at enjoying himself. Before Yang Jian, there was no lack of powerful people who built such private pools. The New Five Dynasties History - Lei Man Biography contained that at the end of Tang Dynasty, Lei Man of Lanzhou excavated a deep pool in his own mansion, and when some guests came to visit, he set up a banquet by the poolside, and when he was drunk and hearty, he threw his wine cups into the pool, and then he went into the water to touch his wine cups while he was naked, and then he came out of the water to put on his clothes and then drink again when he had enough of playing in the water. Lei Man built the pool mainly for fun and frolic, while Yang Jian mainly bathed, because whenever he entered the pool, he would order people to place bathing utensils and beans on the pool for bathing. Swimming is just a kind of recreational enjoyment while bathing.

Song Yuan Gong **** bath is very popular, has formed a certain scale of the shape of the industry. Some literati also meet regularly to the public **** bath to bathe.

Wang Anshi is not good to wash and bathe, body long lice, in history is notorious. His joint friend Wu Chong but the importance of bathing enough to understand, and developed a good habit of regular bathing, he in order to change the bad habits of Wang Anshi bad bathing, it was with Wang Anshi, Han Wei, three people agreed to "every one or two months that is the rate of the bathing rate of the fixed power yard home", as the three have agreed, the three go to the public **** bathtub bath to replace the new clothes, under this constraint. New clothes, in this constraint, Wang Anshi had to go to the bath, out of the bath after seeing the new clothes will be replaced. This allows Wang Anshi to change his old habits, personal hygiene has been greatly improved.

Su Shi also like to bathe on the public **** bath, one year, he was in the public **** bath after bathing, body and mind, poetry, specifically wrote two "Dream Order" words to describe his feelings of bathing, written very witty, one of the clouds:

Scales have been in love with each other, a closer look at the two clubs have nothing. I'd like to say that I've been wiping my back, and I've been working on my elbow all day long. I'm not sure if you're going to be able to get a good look at this, but I'm sure you'll be able to get a good look at this.

The second cloud:

Self-purification can net them, I sweat from the breath. Sent to bath people, and **** flesh game. But wash, but wash, bend down for everything on earth.

From the words can be seen at the time of the public **** bath perfect service, but also specializes in customer service wiping back, wipe back service can be seen from the wipe back, the Song Dynasty opened a lot of loss of theologians believe that the "modern life customs of the precedent". Since the Song Dynasty to the present, the public **** bath hall (today's sauna) are specialized for customers and wipe back service.

Because the scholar has developed the habit of bathing often, the scholar who is not good at bathing, people scorned. Dou Yuanbin although from the family of prime ministers, and talented, but only because he is always a long time without bathing, the world gave him a "stink" word, "Dou stink", not only in the light of the people at that time, become a less than honorable "nickname! "

The hot springs are a great place to enjoy the hot springs, and the hot springs are a great place to enjoy the hot springs.

The hot springs have been utilized for a long time. Southeastern Inner Mongolia by the town of 32 kilometers northeast of a hot spring, called Keshiketeng Azhishan, commonly known as hot water soup, according to the "hot water by the shed", hot water soup by the shed one of the twelve scenic spots, whenever the spring blossoms, people have to come here to bathe in order to cure the fitness, people come and go, an endless stream. Song Wang Huan passes through this place to wash the hot spring bath, and wrote "hot spring bath" poem:

Over the new bath feel light, just like mild water.

The anointing is not due to the heat of the world, this spring is especially in the mountain green.

Bathing not only make people feel relaxed, but also wash out the poetry, visible Wang Huan on the hot spring bath favorites.

Fuzhou hot springs in the Northern Song Dynasty during the Jiayou has been widely developed and utilized, the heyday **** there are more than 40 large and small bathrooms, divided into the official soup and folk soup. Li Gang, the national hero of the Song Dynasty, not only bathed in the soup, but also wrote a poem saying:

Jade Pond Golden House bath Lanfang, the first soup of the ancient Qinghua.

What is like this spring watering the sick old man, might as well enter the Lychee country.

The Northern Song Dynasty poet Peng Yingqiu stayed at the Hot Spring Temple in Chongqing's North Hot Spring on his way to his post as a magistrate during the Jingde era, and after enjoying a hot spring bath, he wrote the poem "Staying at the Hot Spring Buddhist Temple". Zhou Dunyi in the first year of Jiayou boat away from the Wentang Gorge, to the North Hot Springs lectures, bathing, and for Peng Yingqiu poem preface, engraved with "Zhou Dunyi Peng magistrate oracle state overnight hot springs temple poem preface" stone monument. Zhu Xi after bathing in Mount Lu hot springs, has explored the cause of Mount Lu hot springs: "who point Dan Huang burning,? This mountain pool water?" He felt unexplained. From these records can be seen in the Song and Yuan scholarly officials like hot springs bath even more than the general public.

Yuan Zheng Yuanyou "Suichang Miscellany" records that the Yuan dynasty famous Zen master Wen Riguan and the great calligrapher Xian Yu Shu's father is a close friend, Xian Yu's father and son like to bathe, not only has a bathroom at home, there are top quality bath and bath beans. Every time Wen Riguan came to Fresh Yu's home, Fresh Yu's father and son must have soup to invite him to bathe, Fresh Yu Shuji also respectfully presented the bath beans. It was for this reason that Wen Riguan became a regular guest of the Fresh Yu family.

The Song and Yuan dynasties have become a trend in the scholarly world, indicating that individuals were very concerned about cleanliness and hygiene, and take the bath as a kind of enjoyment, in order to maintain physical and mental health.

Sixth, Ming and Qing citizens bathing jokes

Ming and Qing dynasties, bathing really deep into people's lives. With the further development of the city, the gradual growth of the civic class, a variety of service industries are also increasingly prosperous, the city generally appeared in the "mixing hall", probably into the bath of people regardless of high and low, "mixed" and wash the meaning, no matter what kind of people, as long as to pay the money! No matter what kind of people, as long as they paid the money, they could enter the bathtub to take a bath. At that time, people were more particular about bathing than before, and the Ming Tu Ben Jun had compared "bathing" with "enjoying antiques", "desecrating famous incense" and "reciting bright words". "compared to, as a spiritual enjoyment. Qing Dynasty Shi Cheng Jin is "shaving, take the ear, bath body, repair feet" as a person four fast things, that only let their own body cool, is a true blessing. And in the "happy original" in the "bathing pleasure" cloud: "winter months of cold, not frequent bath. The rest of the three seasons, should be bathed frequently. Must be warm water and warm, repeated washing, all body fresh, not happy?" Ming and Qing people bathing life reflected in the oral literature of the public, there are many jokes for the content of the bath.

Mixed hall is a crowd **** with the bath place, all kinds of people come together "naked and honest to see", mixed hall is almost all kinds of people will get together in a small society, the Ming Yuzhang drunken moon selected "selected childish joke" in a mixed hall jokes:

Yi official running sweat, because of the mixed hall bath, bath, after the end and Up, the coat has been stolen, is clamoring, the master cynical about its Figure Lai, the righteous official is very angry, is wearing a hat with boots, to tie the naked body, said the crowd said: "Is it that I am this, etc. to come."

The mixing hall was originally crowded with people, it is the place where thieves show their skills, bathing and losing clothes has become commonplace, so the mixing hall masters pretend to be confused, which is only angry with the righteous official to have this funny act. Yuzhang drunken moon

Zi commented: "good a clothes model, this light v. and who line." There is no good way, it seems that the righteous official only self-admitted bad luck. The Qing master of the game usurped the collection of "Laughing Forest" Volume V has a "mixed hall gargling" cloud:

Some people in the mixed hall bath, scooping up the water into the mouth and gargle. The people were all looking at each other with their eyebrows raised, and they were disgusted by the uncleanness of the water. This person stored water in his hand and said: "Don't worry, after I gargle, spit it out".

With the bath in the muddy white dirt soup water gargling, really disgusting, Lang Ying once said that the water of the mixing hall, "so that the fuel to go to the kettle, and the ditch of the water of the difference between what." However, this person has said something that makes people laugh, and it is ridiculous.

Going to bathe in the mixed hall is only one way to bathe in the Ming and Qing dynasties, more people still bathe at home, even if the poor family also has the habit of bathing, just use a quan of firewood to burn a pot of hot water, you can take a bath, convenient and easy to do. Ming Chen Meigong usurped the collection of the "Jokes of the Times" volume has a joke cloud:

There are guests to eat tea, bitter no tea, to the neighboring house to borrow, long time and did not come, the soup rolled, it is added to the cold water, plus a long time, the pots are added to the full, the wife said the husband said: "Tea is to eat no more, to stay with him to wash the bath to go."

Burning water to make tea, poor family without tea, borrowing tea and not borrowed, burned a cauldron full of hot water, guests can not eat tea, bath can be washed. It seems that the Ming and Qing dynasties also have guests to stay guests bath custom.

There is a class of Ming and Qing jokes are specialized in mocking jokes, the Qing master of the game usurped the collection of "Laughing Woods" Volume 20, there is a "big bath tub" joke cloud:

Good liar said to the people, "I have a temple there is a footbath, which can be used to make ten million people with the bath." Shaanxi Famen Temple "Song Famen Temple Bathroom Spiritual Record Tablet" records the Famen Temple bathroom courtyard "monks gathered, the mortal and the holy mixed together, the daily bath of a thousand," the daily monks and laymen more than 1,000 bathing, visible bathroom courtyard scale is large. "Can make ten million people with the bath" of the foot basin looks ridiculous, but with the Fa Men Temple bathroom courtyard "thousands of baths a day" of exaggeration, the joke itself is still with the shadow of life.

Monks, Taoist priests in the ritual activities before, are to bathe clean body, expressed piety and reverence, monks, Taoist bathing customs from a long time ago, "Laughing forest wide record" Volume VIII "monks bath" cloud:

Monks between Taoist bathing first, please master Mrs., the second division, after the master, next and line, not disordered. Because of the lamentation of self-sigh said: "only my monk family has no rules. The old monk did not go down, the young monk first stripped naked."

This is obviously a monk to make fun of the monks, both monks and Taoists, bathing are specific procedures and regulations, only undressing one, monks have to comply with the rules are very strict, the "Baizhang Qing rules" cloud: "show bath baggage to take out the bath on the one side, decoupled from the top, not unloaded straight embellishments, the first to take off the following skirts, to the foot of the cloth around the square can be tied to the bath group, will be the pants rolled and folded within the burden. " By no means like the monk in the "Monk Bath" said, "Only I monk family all no rules."

Ming and Qing literati sometimes directly engaged in the creation of jokes, most of which are depicted in real life, there is no shortage of jokes such as bathing. Ming Li Zhi "mountain in a night talk" Volume 10 "Bohu answer visit" recorded the great talent Tang Yin anecdotes about bathing; Qing Dynasty people alone nest retreats compiled "laugh laugh laugh" Volume 4 "bath sleep" describes the anecdote of Jin Shengxuan:

Golden Shengxuan visited his friends, the host resigned to the bath. Asked his son, then said: "sleep." Jin Sheng sigh said: "Nai Zun is still in prison, Nai Lang and for the sinner!"

Jin Sheng-San take bath and prison, sleep and sin resonance, a good mockery of hospitality impolite host.

The Ming and Qing bathing jokes came from the bathing life of the people at that time, reflecting the secularization of bathing in the Ming and Qing dynasties, due to its rich content and become the material of folk oral literature.