Water Landscape Design of Urban Rivers

Water Landscape Design of Urban Rivers

From the development of human civilization, urban rivers are an important part of urban landscape, which not only provide domestic water for residents. We must also ensure the city's industrial water, fire water and green irrigation. The following are some articles about urban river water landscape design. Welcome to read the reference!

First, the important role of the establishment of river ecological landscape system

From the development of human civilization, urban rivers are an important part of urban landscape, which not only provide domestic water for residents. We must also ensure the city's industrial water, fire water and green irrigation. How to ensure this important source of life has become the most concerned topic for urban builders. Urban river is also a business card of a city, which can summarize the characteristics of a city to a great extent and provide a good place for citizens to relax after a meal. There are also many ecosystems in the river, which provide habitats for a large number of animals and plants. Rivers play an important role in many constituent systems of cities. River ecosystem is different from the artificial ecosystem in the inner core area of the city and the natural ecosystem in the peripheral basin, and retains and continues its own unique side. This unique charm and excellent landscape ecosystem along the river attracted a large number of residents, thus stimulating the construction of real estate. In addition, while investing in construction, it also promoted the development and construction of surrounding areas, injected new vitality into the city and greatly improved the economic growth rate of the city. In short, from the perspective of sustainable development, building a good urban river ecosystem plays an important role in the development and continuation of human beings.

Second, the problems existing in China's river planning and design

1. Insufficient protection of traditional culture

In recent years, with the rapid development of urbanization in China, it has also brought about a new problem of the loss of traditional culture. At present, many dikes, dams, reservoirs and canals of water conservancy projects in China have formed a certain scale in number, but there is no essential difference in form design, resulting in a certain waste of water resources, novelty and appreciation, and giving foreign tourists an impression of nothing new and sameness, which does not reflect the characteristics of a city. This blind copy of landscape design can be said to be a fatal blow to the development of water conservancy landscape resources.

2. Lack of intuitive understanding of the long-term systematic planning of the ecosystem.

In urban river construction, the original intention of water landscape design of some rivers is not very clear about the whole water conservancy project itself. The construction of water conservancy projects and their impact on the ecological environment are only recent designs, or some redesigns do not take into account the later development and utilization, such as the development of tourism. Therefore, the design of water landscape is very superficial, and its sustainable development is not considered to a greater extent, and the future water resources are not fully utilized, which is of great significance to the whole city.

3. Conflict between flood control and drainage design and river landscape ecological construction.

In the process of urban construction, in order to alleviate the flood pressure, it has to be solved by occupying rivers, widening rivers or building flood control measures. In order to achieve the purpose of flood control and drainage, this method undoubtedly has an impact on the ecological landscape construction of rivers, which is embodied in the occupation of urban land and the visual impact on the landscape. In addition, from a certain ecological point of view, the reconstruction and expansion of river channels will definitely cause damage to the ecosystem of urban rivers. For example, the reconstruction of the river course will inevitably affect aquatic organisms, which may destroy their habitats, or destroy aquatic organisms such as fish spawning grounds, block migration routes, and affect the ecosystem of aquatic organisms; Of course, from the perspective of landscape, it will affect the river landscape to a certain extent, but it is not without its merits. Its construction can promote the improvement of land value and stimulate economic development. In order to solve these conflicts and give full play to the dual functions of river landscape beauty and flood control, landscape design, land use design and flood control construction should be coordinated as much as possible in actual engineering design and construction, and unified planning should be carried out.

4. Land use and river landscape planning in the process of urbanization.

With the development of the city, urban land has become an important factor in urban development, and its tension is becoming increasingly severe. Therefore, how to strengthen the planning and utilization of river landscape on the basis of limited urban rivers has become an important topic in urban water landscape design. Many cities do not take this into account in river design, and do not blindly design according to the actual situation, topographic characteristics, geomorphological characteristics and river width of urban rivers. It should be discussed in combination with specific relevant specifications. The transformation of urban green space and ecological construction are just copying the cases of other cities, which is quite embarrassing. Attention should be paid to the types of urban land use and the environment in which rivers are located, and relevant systematic adjustments should be intensified in the process of overall land use, so as to avoid blindly competing for land or related commercial land, regardless of the design of urban river landscape.

Third, the development countermeasures of modern water conservancy landscape design

1. Emphasize the importance of traditional culture.

(1) Local treatment of urban river landscape. In the river design of some cities, we can make a fuss about some garden decorative patterns, signs, doors and windows, and pavements of buildings, because these are the most critical places to reflect a city's traditional culture. In urban river landscape design, this can be reflected in the garden landscape or water landscape on both sides of the river. We see more common sacrificial figures in Suzhou gardens, in addition to rotating patterns, windows, begonia window grilles, sacrificial figures, Song Heshou and Dark Eight. (2) Strengthen the landscape design of river entrance. In urban landscape design, the design and planning of river course is reflected in the entrance of water conservancy scenery, which can give tourists a refreshing feeling to some extent. Emphasizing the characteristics of water conservancy scenic resources at the entrance can give people a symbolic feeling, which conveys extremely important information for the continuation of traditional local culture.

2. Key elements of water landscape design should be designed.

(1) Water landscape layout and space construction. In traditional water landscape design, spatial layout and decoration can have a clear understanding of the positioning of the whole water landscape. In the design process, the scenic resources of the river are mostly on both sides of the river project, around it or centered on the water conservancy project. The plane layout of the river should be combined with the actual characteristics, conform to the terrain and assess the situation. We should embody this feature in the process of redesign, and make clever layout in combination with the actual situation of river landscape design, so that landscape, river engineering and environment can be effectively combined to achieve the greatest characteristics. (2) Continuously improve the landscaping technology. In water landscape design, the traditional design in China generally adopts the most artistic gardening method, which can reflect the special gardening method to some extent. In the process of landscaping, the combination of main landscape and supporting landscape, interlayer landscape and frame landscape, and foreground and background should be emphasized. In the general process of urban river water landscape design, the focus of sight, axis correspondence and prominent colors should be strengthened. (3) other elements. Among other elements, the emphasis is on rock elements. There are many ways to design and express urban river water landscape. The most typical example is the Yellow River water conservancy landscape design in Jinan, which uses rock elements and can use local materials. In addition, more scenic stones are set beside the road, and more scenic stones are dotted in the area to form a better landscape effect.

3. Integration of ecology, landscape and water conservancy projects in river planning.

(1) Strengthen the regulation of urban land use and river water landscape. Urban land use has become an important restrictive factor affecting landscape construction and urban leisure layout. From many existing river landscape constructions, it can be found that most regional rivers are directly connected with urban roads or buildings in the form of vertical wall revetment, which gives people a very crowded feeling. Therefore, in order to give full play to the dual functions of the river, establish a complete riparian ecosystem and build a perfect landscape belt, at least 30m green protection belts should be ensured on both sides of the river during design and construction. Only in this way can we give enough space to design the water landscape of the river, and have enough space to improve the leisure landscape of the river and enhance the taste of the city.

(2) Establish a complete river green corridor. Building a complete river green corridor is a key issue that must be coordinated when ecological, landscape and water conservancy projects are integrated in the planning stage. Establishing a complete river green corridor plays a prominent role in urban river water landscape. The common practice is to design green belts, floodplains, flood plains, species habitats, landscape leisure areas and so on with sufficient width.

(3) River leisure tourism planning. In the design of water conservancy projects, landscape aesthetics such as scale, hydraulic scale, color and texture should be considered, and the corresponding comprehensive leisure landscape design should be carried out from the aesthetic law.

4. Optimize the design of river water landscape engineering.

(1) River alignment and riverbed design. In the design process, we should fully realize that river regulation should be combined with actual engineering practice, which should conform to the principles of engineering design, natural ecology and landscape. Urban river design should first consider the original ecological planning or design. According to the actual size of the river, follow the design principle of "width should be wide, bend should be curved, and try to keep the natural shape of the river". In addition, the flood control design requirements of the river itself can not be ignored, and the river alignment design should meet the hydraulic conditions. Only in this way can we achieve the best state.

(2) River section design. The basic standard of section design is to meet the requirements that the designed river can cope with different water levels and currents. On this basis, rivers should also have concave banks, convex banks, shoals and sandbars. We should minimize the traces of manual treatment, maintain the natural river appearance, and adopt original soil, cobblestone revetment and other methods to maintain the original appearance of the river bank. Natural ecological bank slope is adopted on the slope, and turf shrubs are planted to keep the landscape close to nature and protect the original river ecosystem.

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