What is "Jiading Three Slaughters"? How did the "Jiading Three Slaughters" happen?

What is "Jiading Three Slaughters"? Let me introduce the relevant contents in detail for you.

There have been many massacres in history. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Qing soldiers slaughtered Jiading. But generally speaking, there was only one massacre in the same place, but there were "three butchers in Jiading" in history, and Jiading was slaughtered three times. What happened? Why did the Qing soldiers carry out the Jiading Three Slaughters? What was the historical background at that time and what happened to lead to the Jiading Three Slaughters? Let's take a look.

1. Introduction of Jiading No.3 Slaughterhouse

The Three Slaughters in Jiading was the third massacre of civilians in the city in 1645 (the first year of Hong Guang in Nanming and the second year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty).

The Qing army issued a haircut order, but Jiading people refused to accept it. Squire Hou Tong once led Jiading gentry and people to revolt against the Qing Dynasty, and Li Chengdong, the company commander of Wusong in Qing Dynasty, immediately led 5,000 troops to attack.

Jiading City was breached, and Li Chengdong ordered the massacre. Among the citizens, there were some hanging beams, some throwing themselves into wells, some throwing themselves into rivers, some with blood all over their faces, some who were amputated, some who were still alive after their limbs were cut off, and blood was flying everywhere, which was a mess. Women have suffered greatly. In case of resistance, the army nailed the hands of the rebellious women to the door panel with spikes and then raped them. The massacre lasted for a day until the body blocked the river and about 30 thousand people were killed. Li Chengdong led the army to leave Jiading City.

But the disaster in Jiading City is still not over. Three or four days after the Li Chengdong Massacre, the survivors of Jiading began to sneak into the city. After they returned to the city, under the leadership of a righteous man named Zhu Ying, they regrouped, with more than 2,000 people. Zhu Ying led survivors to launch an anti-Holocaust movement in this dilapidated city, and executed traitors who surrendered to the Qing army and officials appointed by the Qing army.

Li Chengdong led the sergeant directly into the city, killed many residents who were still sleeping, piled up bodies, and then set them on fire. When the Qing army was killed, Jiading suffered another "second massacre".

More than 20 days later, a general named Wu in Nanming led the rest of the troops to storm Jiading City, and the surrounding people responded in succession, killing the Qing soldiers in the city in flight. Soon, Li Chengdong retaliated with the whole army, killing hundreds of Wu soldiers and nearly 20,000 people who had just arrived in Jiading to avoid chaos. Blood flowed like a canal, which is the famous "Jiading Three Slaughters".

2. Why was Jiading killed by three butchers?

After the Qing court entered the customs, it issued a haircut order. There is a saying in Confucian 13 "The Book of Filial Piety",' Parents dare not damage their bodies and skins, so filial piety begins. The Han nationality was deeply influenced by Confucian culture, and hated invading foreign countries and gnashed their teeth. As soon as the haircut order is issued. Anti-Qing sentiment immediately rose.

Moreover, at this time, the people of Jiading refused to accept it, and the squire Hou Tong climbed the mountain and gathered more than 100 thousand gentry people in Jiading to raise flags against the Qing Dynasty. When the Qing court heard the news, Li Chengdong, the company commander of Wusong, led five thousand troops. Pity those rabble composed of peddlers, rickshaw pullers, peasants and scholars, how can they compete with the tiger and wolf division with sharp arrows and be defeated in an instant.

Li Chengdong, a group of rebels in Li Zicheng, was more active than the Qing government, and ordered the slaughter unscrupulously, but did not cause heavy losses. After these three surnames were slaves, they turned against the Qing Dynasty. 1649, the Qing army entered Xinfeng, defeated and drowned. Yes!

After the massacre, the whole city was littered with corpses and rivers of blood. Jiading is like a nose hell, crying like a wolf. More than 30,000 people were killed in this massacre. Li Fang contentedly led the army back to the station.

A few days later, under the leadership of Zhu Ying, the surviving people gathered more than 2,000 people and executed traitors and officials appointed by the Qing court who were still in the city.

Li Chengdong rushed into Jiading City at night, killing many residents who were still sleeping. There were mountains of corpses and rivers of blood. Later, people set fire to the bodies, and smoke was everywhere in the city. Jiading suffered another' second massacre'.

More than 20 days later, General Wu of Nanming led his troops to attack Jiading City, which was besieged by the Qing army. Many people around Jiading joined his team. Soon, he led the army of tigers and wolves to fight back, wiped out all Wu's troops and slaughtered Jiading City.

At present, citizens in the surrounding cities of the city have taken refuge in Jiading to avoid disasters. It is well known that Jiading was slaughtered by two people. I'm afraid there is a strange thing that a city has been slaughtered. Instead, it was slaughtered. This is the third slaughter in Jiading.

3. Commemorate the remains

After three massacres in Li Chengdong, the anti-Qing movement in Jiading basically subsided. There are different opinions about the death toll, and it is generally believed that the total number is between 500 thousand and 200 thousand. Zhu's "Jiading Yiyou Chronicle" said: "It's refreshing to witness injustice, and I can't bear not to remember it. I dare not add a word. If I get wind of it, I will also find the old one, I will agree with everyone, and then I will write it briefly. Later, there were people who mourned the ancient times and cried their souls under the bleak wind and miserable moon, so they could test their trust. "

The haircut order was psychologically unbearable for * * * at that time. "Parents whose bodies are affected by skin should not be harmed" is an ethical concept formed for thousands of years and a deep-rooted way of thinking. Shaving hair is not only against tradition, but also regarded as an insult. Therefore, this policy was not only opposed by traditional intellectuals, but also angered the lower class.

In Jiading, we can still see many monuments commemorating Hou Tongzeng and Huang Chunyao. There is Houhuang Bridge in the west of Jiading City, and there is a monument to Houhuang in Longtan Park. In the former site of Sailin Trace in Jiading Campus of Shanghai University, there is a tablet inscribed by Wu, and the back of the tablet is engraved with Wu's seven-rhythm poem: "Changhong is full of blood, and the patriotic hero Qian Qian is full of enthusiasm, and he likes the new era and the new world, and has changed the world." There are two graves of Mr. Huang in Tai Fang.