Application of floor heating in modern residence?

With the continuous improvement of people's material and cultural living standards, people also put forward new requirements for indoor heating. In view of the adjustment of energy structure and the implementation of household metering heating charging system, low-temperature hot water floor radiant heating (hereinafter referred to as floor heating) has been gradually popularized in China for its advantages of strong comfort, energy saving and environmental protection, no land occupation, low noise and convenient household metering. Because floor heating is different from traditional heating methods, there are some problems in design and construction. This paper discusses some problems in the design and construction of floor heating system, hoping to promote the development of this new heating system.

The concept and characteristics of 1 floor heating

Floor heating is a kind of heating technology in which low-temperature hot water pipes are laid under the floor (the temperature of hot water is not more than 55℃ and the working pressure is not more than 0.4MPa), and the heat is radiated to the space on the ground by using the thermal storage radiation of the floor itself to keep the space at a stable and suitable temperature. Its advantages are as follows:

1. 1 comfort, which is convenient for household measurement.

Floor heating is the uniform arrangement of cooling coils under the floor, and the heat is transferred upwards through radiation convection. It is warm and cool at the indoor temperature, giving people a good feeling of "warm feet and cool head" and better thermal comfort. According to Van Gogh's equation, when the indoor temperature is 2℃~3℃ lower than the normal indoor temperature, the thermal comfort of the normal indoor temperature of other heating methods can be achieved. Because the floor heating adopts double control, it is convenient for household metering and automatic adjustment.

1.2 Energy saving and high efficiency

Compared with the convection heating mode, the heat of floor heating mode is concentrated at a height beneficial to human body, so it has high thermal efficiency and its transmission medium is not exposed as much as in the past. In the design, not only many outdoor pipes are reduced, but also all indoor pipes are encapsulated on the ground without exposure, thus reducing a lot of heat loss and avoiding the phenomenon of high top temperature and low bottom temperature like residential buildings. Using the floor heating zone temperature control device, the energy saving range of each household can reach about 30%, and the energy saving range of the whole heating system can reach about 40%, which has good energy saving effect.

1.3 is beautiful and does not occupy the usable area.

Because the pipe network is laid on the floor structural layer, there are no radiators and branch pipes in the room, so the use area of the room with floor heating is increased by 2%~2.5% compared with the room with radiator heating. Because there is no damage to the space by cooling fins, it is beneficial to indoor decoration and furniture layout.

1.4 has low noise and good thermal stability.

Because of the special floor structure of floor heating, it can not only greatly reduce the noise interference from the upper floor to the lower floor, but also store a lot of heat in the bottom floor and concrete floor, so in the case of intermittent heating, the indoor temperature changes slowly and the thermal stability is good.

1.5 environmental protection and health

The heating principle of floor heating is radiation heat conduction. Compared with forced convection circulation hot air conditioning heating, the dust flow in the air is much smaller, which reduces the spread of harmful bacteria in the air and makes the indoor environment more sanitary and clean. The air convection is weakened and the water loss is less, which overcomes the discomfort such as indoor thirst caused by the traditional radiator heating method.

2 shortcomings of low-temperature hot water floor radiant heating system

Any heating system has advantages and disadvantages. Low-temperature hot water floor radiant heating system is first suitable for energy-saving houses. According to the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of Energy-saving Design Standard for Civil Buildings (Heating Residential Buildings) in Shanxi (Phase II) (DBJ 04-2 16-2006), the limit of heat consumption index in Taiyuan is 20.8W/m2, and the roof and external wall should be insulated according to the building conditions to control the regional heat.

Secondly, the low-temperature hot water floor radiant heating system should have an independent heat source; The indoor system occupies a space height of 80mm, which increases the ground load by about120kg/m2; The ground decoration is easy to destroy the pipeline, and the decoration should be in place at one time.

Sometimes the radiant floor heating system will not be hot, mostly because of blockage or suffocation. If the water supply pipe is not hot, first check whether the filter is blocked; Check whether the water supply and return risers and loops are blocked. If it is blocked, air compressor can be used to blow out foreign matter. Finally, check whether the water supply and drainage riser and distribution manifold are connected backwards. If the return pipe is not hot, a large amount of water should be discharged from the exhaust valve at the upper part of return pipe until the hot water flows out; Or disconnect the connection between the unheated loop and the water collector to drain water directly.

3 problems existing in the application of low-temperature hot water floor radiant heating

3. 1 Problems in design

3. 1. 1 lack of designers

With more and more people's favor of low-temperature hot water floor radiant heating, coupled with the rapid development of pipe technology and quality, the development speed of low-temperature hot water floor radiant heating is quite amazing in recent years, and companies that do low-temperature hot water floor radiant heating emerge one after another. However, a considerable number of low-temperature hot water floor radiant heating companies do not have professional designers.

3. 1.2 Lack of understanding and design experience of low-temperature hot water floor radiant heating system.

Low temperature hot water floor radiant heating is a new heating method, which many people are not familiar with, and even the design institute lacks relevant design experience. What's more, some low-temperature hot water floor radiant heating companies themselves don't have a deep understanding of the low-temperature hot water floor radiant heating system, and they don't hesitate to use their own pipes, often pleasing the owners with dense pipe spacing. However, if the pipe spacing is too close, it will not only increase the project cost, but also lead to overheating of the room, construction difficulties, cracks in the ground and other problems. If the pipe spacing is too thin, there will be problems such as overheating or uneven indoor temperature. Therefore, it is extremely important to reasonably determine the pipe spacing in the design.

3.2 Problems in Construction

3.2. 1 blindly pursue the progress of the project, and start laying insulation boards before the structural layer is cleared and leveled.

This kind of problem is most likely to appear in large-scale projects. Because the civil construction has just ended, there are many sundries in the structural layer, and hard objects such as steel bars are often exposed. If it is not handled properly, the insulation layer will be destroyed or even scraped through, which will affect the service life of the pipeline. This requires detailed and effective technical disclosure to the construction personnel, to cultivate a strong sense of responsibility, and at the same time, on-site supervision should be strictly controlled.

3.2.2 The management of the construction site is backward, and water seeps into the insulation layer, which affects the insulation effect.

Because there are many storms in summer, there are no doors and windows installed at the outer end of the construction site, and rainwater often floats indoors, resulting in water accumulation in the structural layer. If it appears before the insulation board is laid, it should be laid after the ground is dry. If it occurs in the process from laying insulation board to concrete backfilling, the problem will become very difficult. It is suggested that some necessary protective measures should be taken to prevent rainwater from entering the construction site.

3.2.3 Failure to construct according to the design drawings will affect the heating effect.

Because we don't understand the low-temperature hot water floor radiant heating system, it is more convenient and economical. In the process of construction, the construction personnel do not follow the drawings, and change the pipe spacing and increase or decrease the length of each loop without authorization, which directly affects the normal operation of the whole system and involves the heating effect. This situation has a strong concealment in construction and is not easy to be found.

3.2.4 The heating pipeline is not backfilled in time after laying, and the pipeline is damaged by cross operation.

On the one hand, some chemical pipes need to be stored away from light, which will produce harmful chemical reactions under the action of sunlight, affecting the strength and life of pipes; On the other hand, the heating pipeline is exposed, the construction site is crowded, and the pipeline is easy to be damaged. If the pipeline is broken, it is necessary to re-lay the heating pipeline of the loop (the buried part of the buried pipe cannot have joints to prevent water leakage), and the most terrible thing is that the pipeline is scratched, which is the most taboo thing for the low-temperature hot water floor radiant heating system. It is suggested that in addition to strengthening construction site management, concrete backfilling should be completed by low-temperature hot water floor radiant heating company to reduce the probability of safety accidents.

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