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Both sports and acrobatics have dual characteristics. First, choose an empty square, erect a pole about 30 meters high in the center of the venue, and surround it with many steel bars and ropes to prevent it from falling down. One end of a thick rope about 80 meters long is tied to the top of the pole, and the other end is tied to an iron hook on the ground. The thick rope is tilted. Because the rope is too long and easy to bend, put some wooden frames in the middle of the rope to support it. Holding a pole more than three meters long as a balancer, the performer walked barefoot without wearing a seat belt, performing rope walking with the sound of suona and drums, stepping on the thick rope to climb the slope and heading straight for the top of the high pole. Do some actions on the rope, such as walking sideways, blindfolding, standing upside down, stepping on vegetables, skipping rope, etc.

Dawazi record

Chinese means high-altitude rope walking, which is one of the traditional sports with a long history and strong national characteristics in Uygur. According to historical records, Dawazi has a history of thousands of years. There are many beautiful legends about Dawazi. According to legend, there was a monster in ancient times, active in the air, often calling for rain and harming the people. Later, in order to destroy the monster, a young man erected a pole more than 30 meters high on the ground and connected the top of the pole with a rope more than 60 meters long. He walked barefoot along the rope to the top of the pole, fought with the monster and killed it, saved the people and was loved by the masses. Later, in order to commemorate him, people launched the "Big Wazi" sports activities. When performing "Big Wazi", you should choose an empty square, erect a long pole with a height of eight or nine stories in the center of the venue, and use many steel bars and ropes around it to prevent it from falling down. A thick rope about 35 meters long is pulled obliquely from the top of the wooden pole to the ground, making it form an included angle of about 45 degrees with the ground. Many red strips of cloth are tied on the rope as decoration, so that the audience can clearly see this striking rope from a distance. At the beginning of the performance, a girl in bright clothes, holding a wooden pole more than 5 meters long as a balancer, walked from the ground to the rope, and her skillful skills and vigorous posture came to the middle of the rope like a flying swallow. After walking 20 meters above the ground, she got off the rope safely. Then, a middle-aged man with a moustache walked smoothly into the middle of the rope with a long pole in his hand. He sometimes somersaults on the rope, sometimes blindfolded and performs various thrilling moves on it, which makes people dazzled and dumbfounded. Suddenly, he leaned over and slipped off the rope ... At this time, people were scared and closed their eyes quickly. When people opened their eyes, he sat safely on the rope. Then he stood up, walked to the top of the pole and waved to the audience. Performers don't wear safety ropes when performing. It is said that people who perform "Dawazi" in Xinjiang, China are mainly in southern Xinjiang. The most famous is Seddik assim, who is now an old man with a silver beard.

Dawazi-historical development

According to historical records, "Dawazi" originated in the Western Regions more than 2,000 years ago and was introduced to the Central Plains in the Han Dynasty. It was once popular in the Uighur community in southern Xinjiang. Historically, many Dawazi families have passed down their skills from generation to generation, and some even went abroad to perform in India, the Red Sea, Egypt and other places along the Silk Road.

Zhang Heng (AD 78- 139), a famous scientist and writer in the Eastern Han Dynasty, first recorded this skill. In Ode to Xijing, he wrote, "Looking back at the square is a wonderful play. The language "Jumping Pill Sword meets on the rope" describes the scene where two artists meet on the rope. Luoyang was the capital of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and Chang 'an was called Xijing. This poem describes the spring of Yuanfeng three years in the Western Han Dynasty (BC 108). In order to boast about the country's prosperity, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty cared about setting up optimistic banquets, entertaining guests from the four barbarians with high halls, luxury houses and meat forests in wine pools, and at the same time calling folk artists from all ethnic groups to "make a corner play and watch it within 300 miles". It can be seen that there were ropes walking in BC 108.

From 65438 to 0953, "Dawazi" has been a performance project of four national traditional sports. Today, it has become an indispensable part of the "People's Movement". 199 1 At the 4th National Minority Games held in Nanning, Dawazi won the first performance award established by the state. "Big Wazi" won the title of performance project in previous national games with its unique style, strong local characteristics and superb skills.

In order to promote Dawazi art, the people's government of the autonomous region approved the adaptation of Dawazi Uygur artists who have been circulating among the people for a long time into the performance team of Xinjiang Acrobatic Troupe on 1990. 1On June 22nd, 997, Adili Ushur, a descendant of "Big Wazi", successfully swam across the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River in China, and broke the Guinness World Record with 13 minutes and 48 seconds.

There are some folklore about the origin of Dawazi.

1, legend 1:

The reason why this activity spread all over the world is that it originated from a legend. In ancient times, a demon appeared in the place where Uighurs lived. It comes and goes in the air, calling for wind and rain, harming the people, and the people complain. At this time, there was a brave young man. He erected a 30-meter-high wooden pole on the flat ground, connected the ground with a rope about 60 meters long from the top of the wooden pole, then stepped on it to fight with the devil and finally killed it, which did great harm to the people. Since then, high-altitude rope walking has spread and developed, becoming a form of entertainment for Uighurs.

2. Legend 2:

Old Uighurs often tell the story of Dawazi's birth in this way: It is said that two thousand years ago, a big spring gushed out of Wushi County in Aksu region. Spring water irrigates farmland, and rice is fragrant; The spring water flows into the pasture, and the cattle and horses are fat. But strangely, there is a big tree in the center of this spring. If you climb up before the sun comes out, you will find many bustling cities, pavilions, temples and pedestrians' special costumes in the distant mountains.

One day, three old women suddenly came, took a fancy to this spring and wanted to monopolize it. They used magic to drive away the crowd here. Sometimes it is windy, blowing sand in the face, and sometimes it rains, destroying fertile fields. The bad news reached a place in the west. A young man named Ubri Sala went to Wushi County alone to find the cause of the disaster.

Just as the people complained to Ubsala about their difficulties, suddenly the thunder and lightning began again. Ubri salad looked up at the sky and found three grinning old women in the clouds. So, he said to the crowd, "Uber is in the cloud, catch them." "The distance between heaven and earth is miles. What can I do? " People asked in dismay. Ubri salad is on the alert. He said, "We can tie wooden poles with ropes and stick them in the clouds."

For the first time, the wooden pole was not high enough; The second time, it was almost the same; The third time, I finally erected a wooden pole that went straight into the clouds. A long rope was pulled out from the top of the pole and tied to the ground. Ubri Salad climbed up to the sky step by step with a wooden pole in his hand. A star war raged on. Ubri Salad made progress, fell down, got up, got tired and caught his breath, and continued to fight. After some wits, he finally defeated the devil's old woman.

The sky became clear, rice and grass grew on the earth, and Ubri salad became a hero worshipped by everyone. Later, in order to thank the young man, people began to practice Dawazi.

Dawazi-Artistic Features

"Dawazi" performances are mostly held during festive festivals, and the high-altitude rope walking is thrilling and has the dual characteristics of sports and acrobatics. Dawazi performance venue is unique and interesting. It needs to cover an area of 65,438+000× 60m, with a 30m-high main pole in the middle and an archway tied at the top. Colorful flags fluttering in the wind are like castles in the air, which is particularly eye-catching. Hanging rods (swings) and rings are bolted at both ends of the arch crossbar for the use of performers. The 80-meter-long main rope connects the ground and the archway like a long snake, which is particularly spectacular. Dawazi shows the whole process of Dawazi through the combination of ground movements, high-altitude rope walking and hanging poles in the air.

Dawazi's performances are mostly performed in the open air, characterized by moving all kinds of juggling skills to ropes or steel wires at an altitude of tens of meters. The actor's performance is more fascinating. Young men and women "big wretched" all reached out. The performer holds a balance bar about 6 meters long and does not wear any seat belts. He performed a series of thrilling skills on the rope, such as walking back and forth, sitting cross-legged, walking blindfolded, walking with plates under his feet, flying and jumping. Accompanied by Uygur folk music, high-altitude tightrope walkers sang and danced with the beat, quickly changing difficult skills and performing humor. The scene is very lively and distinctive. The whole performance was breathtaking. Today's "Big Wazi" performance shows the whole process of "Big Wazi" through the combination of ground movements, high-altitude rope walking and hanging poles in the air. Through continuous practice and development, it has achieved great success.

With the maturity of the art of "walking the rope", there has also been a major breakthrough in skills. For example, during the performance, female artists gradually climbed up along the grounded inclined rope, climbed the horizontal rope and began to perform skills. This traditional movement is still preserved in Dawazi, Uygur and other parts of China. Technically, in addition to performing body pitching, forward and backward, and jumping somersaults, some more difficult movements have been created: jumping up constantly by the rebound force of the rope; Jump rope quickly on the big rope; Two artists can also exchange positions when fighting swords on the rope, which is a great progress compared with "two pairs of dancers, cutting their shoulders without tilting"

Dawazi was popular in Hotan, shache, Yengisar and Kashgar, and later spread to Kuqa, Turpan, Hami, Yili and Urumqi. The star performing Dawazi today is Adili Ushur, the air prince of Xinjiang Acrobatic Troupe. He is the sixth generation descendant of Dawazi's performing family, and his family has performed this skill for at least 400 years. Adi Wuli Shur not only created innovative and difficult skills such as small-top handstand, split fork, riding a unicycle, bending over to pick lotus flowers, but also set Guinness records for high-altitude tightrope walking twice in 1997 and 2000, becoming an air warrior that everyone cares about.

"King of High Altitude" Dawazi Adili

Adili Wushouer, the sixth generation descendant of Dawazi Art in Xinjiang, was born in Yingjisha County, Kashgar, Xinjiang in July 197 1. During the period from 1997 to 2003, he successfully broke the world record of walking at high altitude for five times, successfully crossed the steel wire with a length of 1399.6 meters, created the Guinness World Record of "the world's longest high-altitude tightrope walking without insurance" and set a record of "living at high altitude for 25 days".

The name Adili means "balance" in Uyghur, which can also be interpreted as "justice". As the sixth generation successor of Dawazi art in Xinjiang, Adili can successfully break the world record of five high-altitude walks with only one long wire rope, creating an amazing "balance". Therefore, people affectionately call him "the king of the sky".

*1On July 4th, 997, Adili, a descendant of Dawazi, Xinjiang, crossed the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River on foot for 600 meters without any safety rope, breaking the Guinness World Record for the first time. ?

* On June 6th, 2000, Adili successfully crossed the 1399.6-meter-long steel wire between Furong Peak and Zhurong Peak in Hengshan Mountain, Nanyue, without any safety rope, and created the Guinness World Record of "the world's longest uninsured tightrope walker". "

* From April 16 to May10/day, 2002, Adili set a record of "living at high altitude for 25 days" on Jinhai Lake in Pinggu County, Beijing, which attracted the attention of the whole world and was known as the "king of high altitude" in China.

Dawazi-Inheriting Significance

Dawazi performance is the crystallization of hard work, courage and wisdom of Uygur people in Xinjiang, and it is also a bright pearl in the treasure house of Chinese culture. Historically, Dawazi, a Uighur from China, has performed in Afghanistan, India, Egypt, Moscow and other places, which has played an important role in cultural exchanges between our people and people of other countries. With the mutual exchange of cultural activities of various ethnic groups, Dawazi has been running in some new contents. The top bowl, riding a bicycle and biting flowers in Korean acrobatics have all been moved from the ground to the rope, making the big baby icing on the cake.

But at present, it is difficult to pass on the skills of Dawazi. High-difficulty and high-risk performances require performers to have strong physical balance and good psychological quality, so even those who are interested in learning often find it difficult to meet the established requirements of the project, which makes it difficult to pass on the talents of Dawazi. Coupled with the impact of modern cultural and recreational activities, the performance market of Dawazi is shrinking day by day, and this ancient acrobatic art is increasingly endangered, which needs organized and planned protection.

The state attaches great importance to the protection of intangible cultural heritage. On May 20th, 2006, this heritage was approved by the State Council to be included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list. On June 5, 2007, confirmed by the Ministry of Culture, Adili, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region? My Hugh is the representative inheritor of this cultural heritage project, and was included in the list of 226 representative inheritors of the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage projects.