The story of the Chinese idioms with educational significance 5 articles

Story: In 208 A.D., Cao Cao led an 80-party army stationed at Red Cliff in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, attempting to defeat Liu Bei before attacking Sun Quan. Liu Bei adopted the strategy of combining with Wu to resist Cao Cao, and fought against Cao Cao with Wu's army***.

At the time, both Sun Quan and Liu Bei had very few troops, while Cao Cao had a large army and an overwhelming advantage. Liu Bei's advisor, Zhuge Liang, and Sun Quan's general, Zhou Yu, discussed the best way to defeat the enemy, and they both agreed that the only way to defeat Cao Cao was to attack him with fire.

But when everything was ready, Zhou Yu realized that Cao Cao's ships were anchored on the northwest side of the river, while his own ships were on the south bank.

But when Zhou Yu realized that Cao Cao's ships were anchored in the northwest of the river and his own ships were on the south bank, he realized that it was winter and there was only a northwest wind, so if he attacked Cao Cao with fire, not only would Cao Cao not be able to be burned, but he would be burned on his own head. Zhou Yu saw that the fire attack could not be realized, so he was so anxious that he vomited blood from his mouth and fell sick on his bed, and the famous doctors and medicines could not cure him. Zhuge Liang went to visit Zhou Yu and asked him why he was sick. Zhou Yu was unwilling to tell the truth, so he said, "People have a fortune, how can we keep from getting sick?"

Zhuge Liang guessed what was going on in his mind, and said with a smile, "There are unpredictable winds and clouds in the sky, so how can one predict them?" Zhou Yu was very surprised to hear that Zhuge Liang had something in his words, so he asked if there was a cure for his illness. Zhuge Liang said, "I have a prescription that is guaranteed to cure your illness." After saying this, he wrote 16 words and handed them to Zhou Yu. These 16 words are:

To break Cao Gong, it is appropriate to use fire attack; everything is ready, all we need is an east wind.

Zhou Yu took a look and was amazed, thinking: "Zhuge Liang is really a man of God:" His mind, since he has been guessed by Zhuge Liang, he asked for advice on how to break the enemy. Zhuge Liang has a wealth of knowledge of astronomy and meteorology, he predicted that the near future will certainly blow a few days of southeasterly winds, said to Zhou Yu: "I have a call to the wind and the spell, borrow knot you three days and three nights of the southeast gale, you see how?" Zhou Yu happy he said:

"Do not say three days and three nights, only one night southeast wind, the big thing will be successful:"

Zhou Yu ordered his men to make all the preparations for the fire attack, waiting for Zhuge Liang borrowed the east wind, and immediately enter the army. Zhuge Liang told Zhou Yu to build a seven-star altar on Nanping Mountain, then climbed the altar and burned incense, chanting under his breath and pretending to call for wind and rain.

In the middle of the night, when the wind was blowing and the flag was moving, Zhou Yu rushed out of the tent to watch the wind blowing from the southeast, and he quickly ordered a fire attack.

Zhou Yu's general, Huang Gai, led the fireboat to Cao Cao's water fortress, when the fireboat near Cao Cao's water fortress; an order, the soldiers downwind fire. The wind helped the fire, the fire borrowed the wind power, the Cao camp ships burned a thousand and two net, the shore of the camp was also burned, the loss of soldiers and horses are not counted. In the midst of the smoke and flames, Cao Cao fled for his life, retreating back to Xuchang through the small roads.

A Promise is a Thousand Pieces of Gold

Source: "Records of the Grand Historian" (史记).

Explanation: "promise", promise, promise. A promise is worth a thousand pounds. It is a metaphor for keeping one's word and keeping one's promise.

Story: At the end of the Qin Dynasty, there was a man named Ji Bu in Chu, who was straightforward and chivalrous. As long as he promised something, no matter how difficult, he managed to do it, and was praised by everyone.

When the Chu and Han were fighting, Jibu was under Xiang Yu, and he had several times offered advice to make Liu Bang's army suffer a defeat. After Liu Bang became the emperor, when he remembered this, he was furious, and ordered Jibu to be wanted

At this time, Jibu was admired as a person, and they all helped him in secret. Soon, Jibu went to a family named Zhu in Shandong to work as a servant after disguising himself. The Zhu family knew that he was Ji Bu, but still took him in. Later, the Zhu family went to Luoyang to find Liu Bang's old friend, Ruyinhu Xiahou Ying, to intercede. The first time I saw him was when I was a young man, and he was a young man who had a long history of being an old friend of mine.

A fellow villager of Jibu, Cao Qiusheng, loved to make friends with powerful officials to show off and elevate himself, and Jibu always looked down on him. When he heard that Ji Bu had become a big official again, he immediately went to see Ji Bu.

When Ji Bu heard that Cao Qiusheng was coming, he was tigerish and ready to send a few words to make him lose his temper. Who knows that as soon as Cao Qiusheng entered the hall, no matter how gloomy Ji Bu's face was and how unpleasant his words were, he immediately bowed and bowed again to Ji Bu, wanting to catch up with him. And bragged: "I heard the Chu land everywhere rumor? It is better to get a thousand taels of gold than to get a promise from Ji Bu? In that case, how can you have such a good reputation spread in Liang and Chu? Since we are from the same hometown, and I have spread your good name everywhere, why don't you want to see me?" When Ji Bu heard these words of Cao Qiusheng, his heart was immediately pleased, and he stayed with him for a few months, treating him as an honored guest. Before leaving, he also gave him a generous gift.

Later, Cao Qiusheng continued to spread the word everywhere for Li Bu, and Ji Bu's reputation grew.

Birds and Flowers

Since the founding of the Tang Dynasty, the world has been at peace, and the people have lived in peace and happiness. In the reign of Emperor Xuanzong, after the reign of Emperor Kaiyuan, the world was ruled, and there was an unprecedented flourishing weather. Who knows that the good times do not last long, Tianbao fourteen years broke out "An Shi Rebellion". The rebel army is like a bamboo, soon swept through Hebei, the state and county, look wind disintegration. Emperor Tang Xuanzong scrambled to send troops to defend the area, and Li Hui, the Prince of Huo, was among them. Li Hui was the great-grandson of Li Yuan Kui, the 14th son of Tang Emperor Li Yuan, who was first named King of Wu and later renamed King of Huo. When Li Yuanrai was killed during the reign of Wu Zetian, his great-grandson Li Hui inherited the throne after the King of Huo was vindicated in the first year of the Shenlong reign. Witnessing the coldness of politics, Li Hui, the king of Huo, was not interested in politics and spent his days indulging in songs and dances. Among his kabuki, there was a beautiful and elegant girl named Jingzhi, who could sing and dance well, and was loved by King Huo. Later, King Huo took Jingzhi as his concubine, and a year later, Jingzhi gave birth to a daughter for King Huo, who loved her and named her Huo Xiaoyu.

Later, King Huo was sent on a campaign. On this day, King Huo's family suddenly received news from the front line that Prince Huo had died while fighting with the An Shi rebels, and the rebel army had already taken over Tongguan Pass, and was now coming to Chang'an. When the royal family heard the news, they immediately scattered. The king was killed in the battle, and the family had no one to rely on. Hearing that the rebels were about to kill the family, Jingzhi panicked and took his daughter to leave Chang'an with the people fleeing the city.

The Anshi rebels burned and looted everywhere, and the net hold and his daughter fled all the way, because there is no source of livelihood, mother and daughter's life is very poor, by selling jewelry and fine soft barely survive. Tang dynasty zong dali early yuan, mother and daughter back to changan, at this time huo xiaoyu to sixteen years old, looks and her mother when the same bright and beautiful, coupled with the mother's careful teaching, she not only can sing and dance, but also proficient in poetry and literature. At this time there is no more things for sale at home, in order to maintain the livelihood of mother and daughter, Huo Xiaoyu had to do the "green herdsman". In order to the daughter's future, one day meets the man of destiny, can be legitimately married to a human wife, the net hold on Huo Xiaoyu guarded very tightly, limited to the song and dance, for the guests to help cheer up the sadness, never sell the body. Although Huo Xiaoyu for the "green herdsman", because of the color and art of both excellent, attracted a lot of elegant and elegant guests to follow under the pomegranate skirt, and soon became quite reputable red songstress.

In the capital there is a scholar named Li Yi, twenty years old when he won the examination. He was born in Longxi, young and talented, wrote many poems of war. He often boasted about his talent and hoped to get a good spouse, but he never got what he wanted. This year, Li Yi came to Chang'an, ready to participate in the Ministry of mandarins presided over the re-examination, lodging in Xinchangli.

There was a matchmaker in Chang'an named Bao XI, who gave her a generous gift when Li Yi came to Chang'an, and she was very grateful to him. When she realized that Li Yi wanted to find a beautiful woman, she came to Li Yi's residence. On that day, Li Yi was sitting idly in the pavilion by the side of the premises when he suddenly heard a sharp knock on the door. The servant came over and said that Bao XI Niang had arrived. Li Yi was busy welcoming him and asked, "Why did Mama Bao suddenly come to my place?" Bao XI Niang smiled and said, "There is a fairy who doesn't seek after wealth, but only adores flirtatious men. Such a person is a perfect match for you." Upon hearing this, Li Yi was busy inquiring who this fairy was. Bao XI Niang said, "She is the youngest daughter of the former King of Huo, her name is Xiaoyu. This person is so beautiful that I have never seen such a beautiful person in my life; she is proficient in music, poetry and books. She asked me some time ago to find a good husband, whose character and mood should be commensurate. I introduced your situation to her in detail. Her family lives in Guji Lane, Shengye Fang. I have made an appointment with her, and tomorrow at noon you will meet her at the entrance of the alley." After Bao Xi-niang left, Li Yi was so happy that he danced around and didn't sleep well all night.

To the next day at noon, Li Yi mounted a fast horse and galloped over to the place of the appointment, to see a servant girl greeted and asked, "Could it be Li Shilang?" Li Yi then dismounted his horse, only to see Bao XI Niang welcome him out from far inside. When he entered the center door, there were four cherry trees among the courtyard, and a parrot cage was hanging in the northwest corner; when the parrot saw Li Yi coming in, he said, "Someone is coming in, quickly lower the curtain!" Suddenly heard the bird talking, Li Yi was stunned to stay there.

At this point, the net holders walked down the steps and welcomed Li Yi into the house and sat down opposite. He said, "I have always heard that Shilang is a talented and elegant man, but now I have seen that his reputation is true."

Then he asked Huo Xiaoyu to come to the house and take a seat. He then asked Huo Xiaoyu to come out from her chamber and said to her, "What do you often recite? The wind moves the bamboo when you open the curtain, suspecting that it's an old friend coming? This is the poem of this Li Shilang." Huo Xiaoyu lowers her head, her cheeks blushing, and whispers, "It's better to meet than to be known. How come a talented man doesn't have beautiful looks?" Li Yi is busy standing up and bowing down, saying under his breath, "Young lady loves talent, and I value beauty. We're the most talented man and the most beautiful woman in the world!" Li Yi has a boudoir complaint "Jiangnan Words": "Married Qutang Jia, always miss the concubine's schedule. If I had known that the tide had a letter, I would have married a tide runner." Before he met Li Yi, Li Shilang had long since taken a piece of Xiaoyu's heart.

The mother and daughter looked at each other and smiled, so they raised their glasses to persuade a few times. A few moments of conversation, both feel in love, hate to see each other, do not realize that time passes. The net holders thought, if these two people can become, the daughter also have a life to rely on. From then on, Li Yi lived in Huo Xiaoyu's home, every day, the two ate and lived with the same, the same out of the same, poetry, and had a happy time.

In the blink of an eye, the winter is over and the spring is here. The first time I saw this, it was a very good thing that I was able to get it right," he said. The first thing he did was to go back to his hometown to visit his family and tell them he was happy. At this time, the birds and flowers, it is the spring season, when the time to go, Li Yi promised Huo Xiaoyu, said that after arranging everything, will pick up Huo Xiaoyu to Zheng County to finish the marriage. Xiaoyu tears wet lapel, choking: "life is unpredictable, even if there is a vow of alliance, just empty talk. With your talent and reputation, how much people admire. However, I have a small wish, want to state in person, may you always remember in your heart. I am eighteen years old, Langjun is only twenty two, I only ask you ten years to love each other, and wait for you to thirty years, and then go to pick a famous family, to be friendly. At that time, I will cut my hair and become a nun, and I will be forever cut off from the red dust!" Li Yi was so ashamed and moved that he could not help but shed tears, "I have sworn to heaven that I will keep my oath no matter if I live or die. In March of next spring, I will marry a beautiful woman, reunite in Zheng County, and never part." The two waved tears and said goodbye.

Li Yi's parents were very happy when he returned to his hometown, and after some scenery, they booked a marriage for him. The woman's family is a famous family, Li Yi thought twice, although and Huo Xiaoyu fell in love, but married to the daughter of a famous family will help their future career. So, Li Yi went to the woman's house to make a gift to thank her, and agreed to the date of marriage.

Li Yi's family is very lively and happy, but at this time, Huo Xiaoyu is still waiting for Li Yi to return. Li Yi feels that he has reneged on his vow, so he has been delaying the deadline to go back, and find ways to keep this secret, not a little news to Xiaoyu. He thought, wait for a long time, and Huo Xiaoyu things will slowly cool, Huo Xiaoyu also broke the idea.

Huo Xiaoyu since Li Yi expired not return, repeatedly asked people to inquire, no news. In this way, half a year has passed, Huo Xiaoyu has not been Li Yi's message, do not feel the heart hate, melancholy into disease. She cried and cried day and night, and she only wanted to see Li Yi. Although Li Yi's letters were broken, Huo Xiaoyu's longing was always the same. She often recalled the first time she met Li Yi. It was March, outside Chang'an city, the flowers were smiling, the birds were chirping, they watched the sun set together, and watched the dancing jade butterflies together?

Li Yi learned that Xiaoyu was seriously ill, ashamed and humiliated, so he was ruthless and always refused to go.

The season has come to March, most people go out to spring. Li Yi went to Beijing on business and learned of Huo Xiaoyu's recent situation, and the lover boy just sighed, and then went with five or six friends to the Sung King Temple to enjoy the peony flowers, strolling in the West Corridor, climbing the stairs to catch up with old friends, and reciting poems and songs. Wei Xiaqing, a native of Jingzhao and a friend of Li Yi, was also traveling with him at this time. He said to Li Yi, "The scenery is beautiful and the grass and trees are flourishing. Pity a girl who is sadly alone in her room! The footman would abandon her, he is really a cruel man." At this time, a magnificent warrior ordered his slaves to carry Li Yi to the door of Huo Xiaoyu's house. Seeing Huo Xiaoyu, who was yellow and thin and in a trance from despair, Li Yi was ashamed. Huo Xiaoyu lingered on the sickbed for a long time, turn over to someone to help, heard that Li Yi came, struggled to get up on their own bed, changed clothes and went out, saw Li Yi, staring angrily: the heart has been broken, intestines have been broken, the idea of all the dust?

She turned sideways, squinted at Li Yi for a long time, and then raised a cup of wine, spilled on the ground. With the sound of the wine glass breaking, after crying loudly and painfully, Xiaoyu fell to the ground and died. Li Yi cried over the corpse and regretted it was too late. Years later, Li Yi became the official minister of the Ministry of Rites and soared to great heights, while his guilt over Huo Xiaoyu tormented him for the rest of his life.

Although this is a tragedy, the beauty of the spring when they fell in love left a wonderful impression on the reader. Later, people often used the song of birds and flowers to describe the beautiful scene of spring.

YuYuF充数

This idiom of indiscriminate is inaccurate, inconsistent with the real, derived from the meaning of confusion; yu is a reed instrument; fill up the number is to make up the number. This idiom refers to people without real talent mixed in the profession to fill up the number, or to the second best, sometimes also used as a self-effacing words.

This idiom comes from "Han Fei Zi? Nanguo, a scholar, asked to play yu for the king, and King Xuan said, "I'm not sure if you're going to play yu, but I'm sure you're going to play yu for the king. When King Xuan died, King Qian was established, and the good one listened to him, and the priest fled.

During the Warring States period, King Xuan of Qi loved to listen to people play yu, and liked many people to play together for him, so King Xuan of Qi sent people to search for musicians who could play well, and formed a 300-member yu band. And those musicians who were selected to enter the palace were treated especially favorably.

At that time, there was a wandering, idle, unprofessional, prodigal son named Nanguo. When he heard that King Xuan of Qi had such a hobby, he wanted to get into the band, so he tried to meet the king and bragged that he was a great musician, and won the king's heart, and put him into the class of musicians who played yu. The funny thing was that this Mr. Nanguo did not know how to play yu at all. Whenever the band was playing for King Xuan of Qi, he mixed in the group and played like the other musicians, shaking his head and swaying his head, pretending to play there. Because he learned to play so well, and because there were hundreds of people playing together, King Xuan of Qi could not hear who could and who could not. He was able to play for several years without revealing a single mistake, and he was rewarded with a generous salary like other musicians, and lived a comfortable life.

Later, King Xuan of Qi died and was succeeded by his son, King Qian of Qi, who also loved to play yu. The only difference was that he didn't like to play with an ensemble, but preferred the musicians to play for him individually.

When Mr. Nanguo heard the news, he was scared and sweating all day long. I thought, this time to reveal the cloven foot to, lose the rice bowl is a small matter, if the fall of the charge of deceiving the king, even the head can not keep. So, before the potential king called him to play, he hurriedly slipped away.

Woe to the people

The Ji clan was about to attack the vassal state Zhuan Yu. Two men, Ran You and Zi Lu, saw Confucius and said, "Ji will use force against Zhuan Yu." Confucius said, "Ran You! Shouldn't you be blamed for this? The late king once appointed Zhuan Yu to preside over the sacrifices at Dongmeng Mountain, and it's in the middle of our Lu territory, which is exactly the kind of vassal that ****s with Lu for safety and security, so why are you going to attack it?" Ran You said, "That Jisun is going to do it, and neither of us wants it." Confucius said, "Ran You! There is a saying of the sage Zhou Ren: ? If you are able to exert yourself, you serve; if not, you should resign.? For example, if a blind man encounters danger and does not go to support him, or if he is about to fall and does not go to assist him, why should he use an assistant? Besides, your words are wrong. The tiger and the rhinoceros escaped from the fence, and the tortoise shell and the beautiful jade were destroyed in the box, and who should be blamed for this?"

Ran You said, "Zhuan Yu, the city has strong walls and is close to Fei Di, the cognizance of Jisun. If we don't capture it now, we will surely leave mischief for our descendants in the future." Confucius said, "Ran Qiu! A gentleman hates the attitude that avoids saying that he is greedy but must find another excuse. I have heard it said that no matter whether you are a vassal with a state or a feudal lord with a fief, you do not have to worry about not having much wealth, but only about not having equal wealth; you do not have to worry about having too few people, but only about not having stability. If the wealth is even, there will be no poverty; if there is peace, there will not be few people; if there is stability, there will not be danger. When this is done, and those who are far away do not return to the land, then let the civilization and education of the people be brought to them. When they come, let them be at ease. Now you two are assisting Jisun, and the people from afar do not submit to him, but you cannot win them over by civilization and education; and the country is in pieces, but you cannot preserve it; but you want to use force within the borders of the country. I am afraid that Ji Sun's sorrow is not in Zhuan Yu, but inside the Xiaowei."

Later, this allusion was used to express the meaning of internal trouble, and was quoted in the Book of the Later Han Dynasty: "These are all provocations from the Xiaowei wall, and the trouble extends to the four seas."

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