The history of the development of the three-stringed?

Three strings: also known as "strings", China's traditional plucked instruments. Handle is very long, speaker square, both sides of the skin, three strings, side hold in the arms to play. Tone rough, bold. Can be solo, ensemble or accompaniment, commonly used in folk instrumental music, opera music and rap music.

Historical Development

Three-stringed instrument originated from the ancient stringed rattle, and it was the main accompaniment of Yuan dynasty songs.

Since the Ming and Qing dynasties, the sanxian has been extremely popular, and has been used mainly as an accompaniment to rap operas.

After the Ming Dynasty, there were more and more records in the literature. Wang Qi in the Ming Dynasty, "three talented map" in the three-stringed map of the same shape as today. At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, the three strings have been spread to the southern provinces, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian is especially prevalent, mainly used in the north of the small song, miscellaneous drama accompaniment. During the Wanli period, the famous Jiangnan sanxian Zhang Yutang had designed a kind of small sanxian with a round sound box, and the music was soft and clear.

In the early Ming Dynasty, 36 people from Fujian Province migrated to Ryukyu, and many of them traveled with the sanxian, and since then there have been sanxian in Okinawa, which is called "shamisen" in Ryukyu. 1562 (during the reign of Jiajing of the Ming Dynasty), the sanxian was imported to Japan from Ryukyu. It was developed into three forms: large, medium, and small, and the sound box was covered with cat and dog skin and played with a large plectrum, which was called "shamisen" in Japan, and is still used to accompany Japanese vocal group songs called "shamisen kumihimo".

Ming and Qing dynasties widely popular in urban and rural "play words", its name is due to the use of stringed instruments accompanied by singing words and words and named, "the Qing barnyard class notes" said. "Playing words" home common musical instruments used, for the pipa and three strings two things.

About the middle of the 19th century, Gaoyang County, Hebei Province, singing "wooden drums" artist Ma Sanfeng to expand the small three-stringed corresponding to the big three-stringed, by the northern rappers welcome, and since then the big three-stringed on the spread, and the small three-stringed coexistence. Thus, the sanxian is used to accompany rap music, forming different styles between the north and the south. The big sanxian is mostly used as the accompaniment instrument of various kinds of "big drums" in the north. In the south, the small sanxian is usually used for rap and kunqu opera bands, folk ensembles and other arts.

The end of the Qing Dynasty created the "three-stringed play", which could simulate the singing of famous Peking Opera actors at that time with the strings, and even played the effect of human voices, military and horse voices, and the birds and animals flying and chirping. In the early years of the Republic of China, the "three-stringed play" was developed into the "three-stringed play", which was changed from plucking to bowing, and is similar to today's falling qin and ringing qin played by kazhou.

Nowadays, the three-stringed instrument is widely used throughout the country, and it is an important musical instrument for rap opera, local instrumental music, and songs and dances of ethnic minorities. According to statistics, there are at least fifty-two kinds of music, sixty kinds of opera, and four kinds of music for ethnic minorities, using the sanxian as the main instrument.