How to describe the origin of the New Year in 50 words at the beginning of each year?

The Origin of Chinese New Year

The date of Chinese New Year is not the same in all dynasties. The Xia Dynasty set it on the first day of January, the Shang Dynasty on the first day of December, the Zhou Dynasty on the first day of November, and the Qin Dynasty on the first day of October. To the Western Han Dynasty in the first year of the first year (104 BC), Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty accepted Sima Qian and others to suggest the use of the "Taichu Calendar", the restoration of the summer calendar that is, the lunar calendar, the first month for the first year of the year, the twenty-four seasons booked into the calendar. Although the calendar has been modified in subsequent dynasties, it is still based on the "Tai Chu Calendar", with the first month of Bengchun in the summer calendar as the first day of the year, and the first day of the first month of the first year as New Year's Day, i.e., the first day of the New Year.

After the 1911 Xinhai Revolution, Qing Dynasty rule was overthrown and Sun Yat-sen established the government of the Republic of China in Nanjing. Representatives of the provincial capitals held a meeting in Nanjing to discuss the calendar. At the meeting reached a "line summer calendar, so along with the farming season; from the Western calendar, so the statistics" **** knowledge, decided to use the calendar, the calendar January 1 as "New Year's Day", the first day of the first month of the Lunar Calendar called the "Spring Festival On September 27, 1949, the first plenary session of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference adopted the use of the "Gregorian calendar chronology", January 1 of the Gregorian calendar as "New Year's Day", the first day of the first month of the lunar calendar as "New Year's Day", the first day of the first month of the lunar calendar as "New Year's Day", the first day of the first month of the lunar calendar as "New Year's Day". The first day of the first month of the lunar calendar was designated as the Spring Festival, and a three-day holiday was provided for people to celebrate the Lunar New Year enthusiastically.

In the course of more than 2,000 years of history, China's New Year rituals and customs have gone through the development process of germination, stereotypes, fission and transformation.

During the pre-Qin period, New Year customs were in the budding stage. At this time, the celebration was mainly held at the end of the year's agricultural work, in order to repay the gods for the gift of the "wax festival". The poem "Shijing - July" records the festive customs of the Western Zhou period when the old year and the new year were alternating. In the poem, it is said that "the wine and the lambs were killed on the day of the festival, and the wine and the goblets were offered to the gods to thank them for their blessings and blessings throughout the year". There was no standardized day for this celebration because of the different calendars adopted by the vassal states, but it was held in the winter during the farming season, and it was the prototype of the later New Year's custom.

The New Year custom was finalized in the Han Dynasty. After the warring states and the social upheaval at the end of the Qin Dynasty, the early Western Han Dynasty implemented the policy of "rest and recuperation", social production was restored and developed, the social order was relatively stable, people's interest in life rose, and a series of festivals and customs were formed. After the implementation of the Taichu Calendar, the calendar was stabilized for a long period of time, and the first day of the first month of the lunar year was established as the date of the new year. In this way, the original regions were held in the late winter and early spring on different days to pay the gods, rituals and celebrations will gradually be unified in the first day of the first month of the lunar calendar. With the development of society, from the Han Dynasty to the North and South Dynasties, the first day of the first month of the New Year's custom is more and more intense, burning firecrackers, change the peach symbols, drinking tusu wine, the year-end divination, play and enjoy the lanterns and other activities have appeared, New Year's Day has become China's first major festival.

New Year's custom in the Tang Dynasty, fission. The Tang Dynasty is the era of ideological and cultural prosperity, but also the era of frequent cultural exchanges between inside and outside, the New Year's custom gradually from the prayers, superstitions, hustle and bustle of the mysterious atmosphere of liberation, transformed into a recreational, ceremonial festivals. The firecrackers on New Year's Day were no longer a means of driving away ghosts and evil spirits, but a way of joy and festivity; the focus of celebrating the New Year shifted from offering sacrifices to the gods to entertaining people, to people's own recreational amusements and enjoyment of life. Therefore, it can be said that only after the Tang Dynasty, the New Year has really become a universal celebration, hundreds of millions of people to celebrate the "festival of good times".

New Year's custom to the Ming and Qing dynasties transition. This transformation is mainly manifested in two aspects: First, ceremonial, entertainment to strengthen. People visit each other in the New Year, dignitaries send each other post, or door to door; common people also pay attention to the "courtesy", gifts, pay respects to each other. Secondly, the amusement is further strengthened. During the New Year, playing lions, dragon dance, opera, storytelling, stilts, dry boat and other entertainment activities are colorful and brilliant. Beijing people stroll factory Dian, Guangzhou people tour flower market, Suzhou people listen to the bells of the Cold Mountain Temple, Shanghai people tour the City God Temple ...... around the amusement activities with their own characteristics, a variety of entertainment activities are endless, dazzling. At this time of the New Year customs will be the perfect blend of traditional Chinese culture, become a concentrated display of China's thousands of years of customs and culture of the folklore exposition.

For more than 2,000 years of history, Chinese New Year customs have prevailed in Chixian Shenzhou, penetrating into everyone's life, and casting the soul of each of the children of the Yellow Emperor. Over the New Year, at the end of the lunar calendar to rush home to reunite with relatives, sacrifices to ancestors, eating dumplings, New Year's greetings, enjoy the lanterns, these have become the children of the Yellow **** with the habit.

Chinese New Year customs also radiate to other neighboring countries, such as Japan, Vietnam, North Korea, South Korea and other countries, who celebrate the New Year in a similar way to us.

Legend has it that a long time ago, there was a young man named Wannian who earned his living by collecting firewood. He was very clever, and seeing that the festivals at that time were very confusing, he was determined to set them right, but he didn't know where to start.

One day, he went up the mountain to cut firewood, and when he was resting, he remembered the festival again, and he thought hard, looking at the shadow of the tree with his eyes. Suddenly, he was inspired by the moving shadows of the trees. Back home, he designed a special measurement of the sun's shadow to count the length of the day, "sundial". However, when the weather appeared cloudy, foggy and rainy, what to do? Later, when he was fetching firewood on the mountain, he went to the spring to drink water, and saw the spring on the cliff dripping down rhythmically, which aroused his interest. He was mesmerized by the dripping water. When he got home, he made a five-tiered leaky pot. He used the water leakage method to keep time. In this way, by measuring the sun and shadows and using the water leakage to keep time, he slowly realized that the length of the days and hours would be repeated every 360 days or so. The shortest day was at the winter solstice.

Because of the disorder of the seasons, the production of agriculture was affected, and the common people cried out in distress. Zu Yi, the son of heaven, was also worried, and he summoned all the officials to find out the reason for the disorder of the festival. The official of the festival, Ah Heng, said that it was caused by the people's offense against the gods. To normalize the festival, they had to worship the gods and ask for forgiveness. Believing this, the Son of Heaven led all the officials to the Temple of Heaven to worship the God of Heaven, and ordered the whole country to set up platforms to worship Heaven.

Wannian thought the sacrifices were futile. He took his homemade sundial and water leakage device to meet the Son of Heaven and explained that the festival was out of order due to the fact that the festival was not fixed. And according to the results of his own determination for many years, he explained the winter solstice and clarified the cycle of the operation of the sun and the moon. The son of heaven listened, felt that Wannian said reasonable, so he left Wannian, and in front of the altar of heaven to build a sundial platform, funnel pavilion, and sent twelve children to Wannian to serve and listen to.

After some time, the Son of Heaven sent Ah Heng to ask Wan Nian about the calendar.

Wan Nian took out a straw calendar he had made and said, "The sun rises, the sun sets, and the weeks begin at the beginning. The grass and trees are divided into four times, and there are twelve rounds in a year." Jealousy A Heng heard, feel apprehensive, thought: such as let Wannian set the festival quasi heavy, will get the son of heaven's reuse, then what will happen to me ....... He crossed his heart to take out Wannian.

So he bribed an assassin to assassinate Wannian. However, Wannian worked hard from morning to night and never left the Sun Moon Pavilion. The assassin couldn't find a chance to kill him because of the tight security around the pavilion. As time went by, the assassin was so anxious that he finally decided to shoot Wannian with an arrow.

One day at noon, when Wannian to the sundial platform to watch the sun shadow, the assassin hid in a corner of the wall, draw the bow and arrow to Wannian shot. With a whoosh sound, the arrow landed on Wannian's arm. Wannian fell down, and the boy shouted to catch the assassin.

The guards came and caught the assassin and sent him to see the Son of Heaven.

The Son of Heaven learns from the assassin that the assassination of Wannian was masterminded by Ah Heng, so he puts Ah Heng under criminal law and personally ascends to the Sun and Moon Pavilion to visit Wannian.

Wannian pointed to the Shen star and said, "Now the Shen star has caught up with the Silkworm Hundred Stars, the stars have recovered, the Zi hour and the night have crossed, the old year is over, and the time has begun to spring, so I hope that the Son of Heaven will set a festival."

"Spring is the first of the year, let it be called the Spring Festival." The Son of Heaven said, "You have been here for more than three years, and you have worked hard to produce the solar calendar. Today, instead of being assassinated, seriously injured, now come with me to the palace to convalesce, with me **** the Spring Festival."

Wan Nian replied: "I am grateful for the love of the emperor, but the solar calendar is still a grass calendar, is not accurate, but also to the end of the year when the end of the time to run into, otherwise, over time, will cause the festival out of order. In order to live up to expectations, I must stay here and continue to set the solar calendar right."

Cold comes and goes, spring goes and winter comes. After long observation and careful projection, Wannian finally set the solar calendar right. When he presented the solar calendar to the Son of Heaven, the Son of Heaven was y touched by his gray hair and named the solar calendar "Wan Nian Calendar" and named Wan Nian as the Star of Longevity of the Sun and the Moon. Today, people call the Chinese New Year "Nian", hanging a picture of the star of longevity on New Year's Eve, according to legend, is to honor Wannian, a man of great merit and virtue.

The Spring Festival legend of the second

According to legend, in ancient China, there was a monster called "Nian", the head of the tentacles, fierce and unusual. "It lived at the bottom of the sea for many years, and only climbed ashore on New Year's Eve to devour livestock and hurt people.

Therefore, every New Year's Eve, people from villages and hamlets fled to the mountains to avoid the harm of the "Nian" beast.

This New Year's Eve, Peach Blossom Village, the people are supporting the old and young to take refuge in the mountains, from the village came a begging old man, see his hand on crutches, arm with a bag, silver beard flowing, eyes like a star.

The townspeople have sealed the windows and locked the door, some packing, some cattle and sheep, everywhere people shouted and hissed, a scene of panic in a hurry. The first thing I'd like to say is that I don't want to be a part of it, but I'd like to be a part of it.

Only an old woman at the east end of the village gave the old man some food and advised him to go to the mountains to avoid the "New Year" beasts, the old man stroked his beard and laughed: "If you let me stay at home for a night, I will definitely "New Year" beasts away.

The old woman looked at him with astonished eyes, and saw that he had hair, hale and hearty, extraordinary. But she still continue to persuade, begging the old man smiled but did not say. The old woman had no choice but to leave her home behind and take refuge in the mountains.

In the middle of the night, the "New Year" beast broke into the village. It found that the atmosphere in the village was different from that of previous years: the old lady's house at the east end of the village had a big red paper on the door, and the house was ablaze with fire. "The beast shuddered and gave a strange cry.

"The year" stared angrily at the grandmother's house for a moment, then screamed furiously and pounced on her. Close to the door, the courtyard suddenly came "bang, bang, bang, bang," the sound of explosions, "year" trembling, and no longer dare to come forward.

It turns out that Nian is most afraid of the color red, fire and explosions. At that moment, the door to my mother-in-law's house was wide open, and I saw an old man wearing a red robe laughing in the courtyard. The "Nian" was shocked and fled in a panic.

The next day was the first day of the first month of the lunar calendar, and the people who had returned from their refuge were very surprised to see that the village was safe and sound. It was then that the old woman realized what had happened, and rushed to the townspeople to tell them about the old man's promise.

The townspeople flocked to the old lady's house, only to see the old lady's house door with red paper, a pile of unburned bamboo in the yard is still in the "snap" explosion, a few red wax candles inside the house is still glowing with the remaining light ......

The ecstatic townspeople in order to celebrate the The right auspicious arrival, have to change new clothes and wear new hats, to friends and relatives to say goodbye. The story spread quickly in the surrounding villages, and people knew the way to drive away the "New Year" beasts.

From then on, every year on New Year's Eve, every family puts up red couplets and sets off firecrackers; every household keeps the candles burning brightly and keeps watch for the new year. Early in the morning on the first day, but also to go to friends and relatives to say goodbye.

This custom has spread more and more widely, and has become the grandest traditional festival of Chinese folklore.