What ammunition was used in rapid-fire artillery?

The main type of ammunition fired by rapid-fire artillery is the shrapnel, which was invented in the early nineteenth century but did not really become a reliable weapon until the end of that century. Shrapnel shells are a thin layer of metal shells, filled with 8 to 10 grams of metal pellets and a fuse, in the ideal state of the shrapnel shells will be detonated a few meters above the enemy infantry in front of the detonation, like a super large shotgun to the metal pellets spilled on the enemy. The fuse used for the shrapnel is a simple incendiary timed fuse, which the gunner can control the timing of the shrapnel explosion by cutting the fuse to the appropriate length based on the results of the gauge.

The extensive use of rapid-fire artillery did not change the norms of continental artillery. With the extensive use of shrapnel, infantry were still heavily damaged by enemy shrapnel at distances of up to 2,000 meters from enemy lines, and at these distances infantry had no counter-attacking capability against enemy artillery. The concept of the artillery duel is thus re-enforced, with infantry units unable to take any effective action until the enemy artillery is completely silenced.