What is the diurnal temperature difference and traditional dwellings?

On Earth, arid climate regions are mostly found in tropical and subtropical areas. With clear skies, an abundance of sunshine, and no evaporation of moisture from the ground to cool it down, summers in arid regions are very hot. The highest temperature extremes recorded on all continents and in the world have occurred in arid zones. In addition, because of the clear skies and few clouds in arid regions, the temperature rises high during the day and falls low at night, and the temperature varies greatly from day to night. This climate characteristic of arid regions, which is hot during the day and has a large temperature difference between day and night, has gradually led to the development of local houses characterized by thick walls and small windows. For example, to adapt to the hot climate of the Sahara and the huge temperature difference between the African Sudanese houses is so, around the Mediterranean Sea and the Middle East around the pointed roof, thick walls, small windows of the Arabian architecture is also so. The purpose of thick walls and small windows is to keep the interior as cool as possible during the day to maintain the cool temperature obtained at night, small windows can reduce the amount of ventilation during the day, i.e., reduce the amount of incoming heat from the windows, and thick walls can reduce the incoming solar heat during the day. China's high-temperature champion Xinjiang Turpan region of rural houses, in addition to thick walls and small windows trend, there are two characteristics: one is into the ground one foot to two feet, the use of underground cooling effect; two is the home of the house in front of the back of the house planted with grapes and other climbing vines, so that the roof and walls free from direct sunlight, which significantly reduces the room temperature.