Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Traditional culture - Examples of innovative thinking in ancient and modern China and foreign countries
Examples of innovative thinking in ancient and modern China and foreign countries
1884, Wardman, an employee of a European company, once got a deal for his company from several competitors. However, when he handed a bottle of ink and a quill pen used by people at that time and asked the other party to sign the contract, the pen tip dropped a few drops of ink and stained the contract.
To make matters worse, the key words in the contract are vague. Wardman had to ask the other party to wait a moment and let him get a new contract paper. But just after Wardman left, the salesman of another company took the opportunity to steal the business. This made Wardman very depressed. He thinks the problem lies in the quill pen.
Strong regret and indignation have become a great force. He is determined to develop a pen that is easy to use and can automatically and evenly discharge ink. After hard work, Wardman finally invented the fountain pen.
Although the fountain pen at that time was far less exquisite than the pen now, it was no longer as inconvenient and easy to drip ink as the feather pen. Because Wardman developed fountain pens in this way, some people call the birth of fountain pens "the invention after the rage".
2. The story of Lu Ban inventing the saw
Legend has it that one year, Luban accepted the task of building a huge palace. The palace needed a lot of wood, so he and his disciples had to go up the mountain to cut wood with axes. At that time, there was no saw, and the efficiency was very low. Once he went up the mountain, he accidentally caught a handful of weeds growing on the mountain, but he cut his hand at once.
Lu Ban wants to know why a grass is so sharp. So he picked a leaf and observed it carefully. He found many small teeth on both sides of the leaf. These little teeth are very sharp when he touches it gently. He knew that his hand had been cut by these small teeth. Later, Lu Ban saw a big locust eating leaves in a meadow. The two large molds are very sharp. As soon as they opened and closed, they quickly ate a big piece.
This also aroused Lu Ban's curiosity. He caught a locust and carefully observed the structure of its teeth. He found that locusts also had many small teeth on their two big dies, which were used by locusts to bite grass leaves.
These two things gave Lu Ban great inspiration. So he made a bamboo chip with many small serrations from a big bamboo, and then went to a small tree to do experiments. The result was really good, and soon a deep ditch was drawn on the trunk, which made Lu Ban very happy. However, bamboo can not be used for a long time because of its softness and poor strength. After pulling for a while, some small serrations are broken and some are dull, so it is necessary to replace bamboo.
Lu Ban thought of iron pieces and asked the blacksmith to help him make small serrated iron pieces. Lu Ban and his apprentice each pulled one end and pulled it up on a tree. I saw them coming and going, and soon I sawed off the tree, which was quick and labor-saving, and the saw was invented.
3. White Stone Old Man with Easy Style of Painting
Qi Baishi, a carpenter, became a painter by himself and won the World Peace Prize. However, in the face of his success, he was never satisfied, but constantly absorbed the strengths of famous painters of all ages and changed the style of his works. His paintings after 60 are obviously different from those before 60.
After 70 years old, his painting style changed again. After 80s, his painting style changed again. It is said that Qi Baishi had five relaxed painting styles in his life. It is precisely because the old man Baishi is still non-stop after his success that his works in his later years are more mature than his early works, forming a unique genre and style.
4. Little Gauss skillfully solves arithmetic problems
Gauss is a great German mathematician. When he was a child, he was a clever boy and loved to think.
When I was in primary school, once a teacher tried to cure naughty students in his class. He worked out a math problem and asked the students to increase ... from 1+2+3 to 100. He thinks this question is enough for these students to calculate for half a day, and he may also get half a day's leisure.
Who knows, to his surprise, only after a while. Little gauss raised his hand and said that he was finished. The teacher looked at the answer, 5050, exactly right. The teacher was surprised. Ask little Gauss how to work it out.
Gauss said that he didn't add it from beginning to end, but first added 1 and 100 to get1kloc-0/,then added 2 and 99 to get1kloc-0/,and finally added 50 and 5 1. The clever Gauss was praised by the teacher.
5. Catch an iron ox with soldiers and businessmen
In A.D. 1066, during the period of Song Yingzong, China, the Yellow River flooded, which washed away a pontoon bridge outside Hezhongfu (now Yongji County, Shanxi Province) and washed eight iron cows weighing 10000 Jin on both sides of the river into the river. After the flood recedes, in order to rebuild the pontoon bridge, it is necessary to salvage these eight iron cows.
This was an extremely difficult thing at that time, and the government posted a list of talents for this purpose. Later, a monk named Huai Bing unveiled the list of recruiting talents. After some investigation and repeated thinking, Huai Bing commanded a group of boatmen to finally get all eight big iron cows ashore.
Huai Bing suggested that on the day of salvage, he commanded a group of boatmen to fill two big ships with sediment and lean side by side. At the same time, a connection frame was built between the two ships. After the boat rowed to the place where the iron cow sank, he let people dive underwater and tied the other end of the rope tied to the wooden frame firmly to the iron cow.
Then the boatman tightened the rope on the wooden frame and threw the mud and sand in the boat into the river shovel by shovel. With the continuous decrease of sediment in the ship, the hull floats up bit by bit. When the buoyancy of the ship exceeds the weight of the hull and the iron cow, the iron cow trapped in the sediment gradually floats up. At this time, through the rowing of the boat, it is easy to pull the iron cow to the river and pull it ashore.
This was repeated eight times, and finally all eight big iron cows were salvaged ashore.
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