What is special treatment?

Special machining, also known as "non-traditional machining" or "modern machining method", generally refers to a machining method that uses energy such as electric energy, heat energy, light energy, electrochemical energy, chemical energy, acoustic energy and special mechanical energy to remove or increase materials, so as to realize material removal, deformation, performance change or electroplating.

Features:

1 has nothing to do with the mechanical properties of the processed object. Some machining methods, such as laser machining, EDM, plasma arc machining, electrochemical machining, etc. , using thermal energy, chemical energy, electrochemical energy, etc. These processing methods have nothing to do with the mechanical properties of the workpiece, such as hardness and strength, so they can process all kinds of hard, soft, brittle, heat-sensitive, corrosion-resistant, high melting point, high strength and special properties of metal and nonmetal materials.

2. Non-contact machining does not necessarily require tools. Although some tools are used, they are not in contact with the workpiece. Therefore, the workpiece does not bear large force, and the hardness of the tool can be lower than that of the workpiece, so that parts with extremely low stiffness and elastic parts can be processed.

3. Micro-machining requires high surface quality of the workpiece, and some special machining, such as ultrasonic, electrochemical, water jet, abrasive flow, etc. The machining allowance is micro-machining, so not only holes or slits with tiny dimensions can be machined, but also machined surfaces with high precision and extremely low roughness can be obtained.

4. There is no mechanical strain and large-area thermal strain in the machining process, the surface roughness is low, the thermal stress, residual stress and cold working hardening are relatively small, and the dimensional stability is good.

5. Two or more different types of energy can be combined with each other to form a new compound processing, which has obvious comprehensive processing effect and is easy to popularize and use.

6. Special processing has a positive impact on simplifying the processing technology, changing the design of new products and the structural manufacturability of parts.

The basic principle of ultrasonic machining;

Abrasive suspension is added between the workpiece and the tool, and ultrasonic oscillation wave is generated by the ultrasonic generator, which is converted into ultrasonic mechanical vibration by the transducer, so that the abrasive particles in the suspension constantly hit the machined surface, and the hard and brittle machined materials are partially destroyed and knocked down.

Positive pressure shock wave and negative pressure cavitation alternately on the surface of workpiece instantly, which strengthens the machining process. Therefore, ultrasonic machining is essentially the comprehensive result of mechanical impact, ultrasonic impact and cavitation of abrasive.

Rotary ultrasonic machining is developed on the basis of traditional ultrasonic machining, that is, the tool rotates at a certain speed while constantly vibrating, which will force the abrasive particles in the tool to continuously impact and scratch the surface of the workpiece, crushing the workpiece material into tiny particles and improving the machining efficiency.

Ultrasonic machining has the advantages of high precision, high speed and wide application range of machining materials, and can process complex cavities and surfaces. When machining, the contact between the tool and the workpiece is light, the cutting force is small, and there will be no defects such as burns, deformation and residual stress. In addition, the ultrasonic machining machine tool is simple in structure and easy to maintain.