What are the aims and characteristics of health management? How to implement it in the elderly population?

Health management refers to the comprehensive process of detecting, analyzing, evaluating and intervening the health risk factors of individuals or groups. The object of health management for the elderly in basic public health services refers to the elderly aged 65 and above. The purpose of health management is to find and intervene health risks, prevent and control the occurrence and development of diseases, reduce medical expenses and improve the quality of life. The key point is to improve the health level of managed individuals and people.

Health management has the following three characteristics:

First, health management focuses on controlling health risk factors, including variable risk factors and immutable risk factors. The former is a controllable factor that changes through its own behavior, such as unreasonable diet, lack of exercise, smoking and drinking, and abnormal index factors such as hypertension, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. The latter is a factor beyond personal control, such as age, gender, family history and so on.

Second, health management should reflect primary, secondary and tertiary prevention at the same time. Primary prevention means disease-free prevention. Secondary prevention means early detection and treatment of diseases. Three-level prevention, that is, treating diseases and preventing disabilities. Tertiary prevention can prevent disability caused by diseases, promote functional recovery, improve quality of life, prolong life and reduce mortality.

Third, the service process of health management is a cyclical operation cycle. The implementation link of health management is to monitor the change of health status, conduct health assessment and implement health intervention through health examination and corresponding laboratory detection indicators. In the whole service process, through these three links, it will continue to circulate, so as to reduce or reduce the health risk factors and degrees and maintain the health level.