How to integrate thinking guidance into senior high school physics teaching

Mind mapping refers to a visual representation of the knowledge structure constructed by learners on a specific topic, a visual representation method of semantic network, and a visual semantic network established by people according to their internal associations. Different from traditional linear notes, it can describe the context of knowledge and its relationship intuitively, vividly and clearly.

Second, the advantages of mind mapping in physics teaching

The two main factors of memory are association and emphasis. Mind mapping conforms to the thinking mode of the brain, is a natural expression of divergent thinking, and is a powerful graphic tool to open the potential of the brain. Mind mapping can fully mobilize various functions of the brain, such as color, dimension, image, vocabulary, numbers, logic, sense of space, etc., which traditional linear notes can not do. Using mind map can easily connect knowledge points with lines. In the process of selecting the connection of knowledge points, consolidate the understanding of knowledge points and form the ability of independent thinking about deep-seated relationships. Confused questions can be marked with question marks, and important questions can be marked with symbols. After learning this chapter, the relationship between knowledge points and key and difficult problems is very clear, and the key to the problem can be found at a glance. The use of mind map not only shortens the recording time and improves the recording efficiency, but also improves students' autonomy and exercises their active thinking in the process of listening to lectures. Moreover, in the process of reviewing what they have learned, the mind map is more intuitive, so that students can have a clear aim in the review process and gradually develop a learning style of holistic thinking. For teachers, students can redraw the mind map of the previous chapter before each new content explanation, which not only strengthens the review effect but also improves students' understanding of each knowledge point.

Traditional notes are usually written in a straight line mode. Traditional linear notes have the following shortcomings: ① keywords appear in different page numbers, knowledge points are buried in a large number of relatively unimportant words, and the central theme is not clear; The monotonous colors and similar structures in linear notes make students sleepy, can't effectively stimulate the brain, and are easily rejected and forgotten by the brain; ③ There is no connection between concepts in linear notes; (4) Spend a long time reviewing linear notes and find the knowledge you need from a pile of similar knowledge. Through the investigation of students, it is found that most students' learning of physics is limited to attending lectures and doing problems. Vivid and interesting physics, divergent thinking and creative thinking are difficult to form in the learning process, but there are too many knowledge points, which makes students breathless and unable to review. In the process of physics education, the introduction of mind map can quickly record important core contents, and the expansion of concepts can be recorded in many ways, such as tree diagram and dot diagram, which not only speeds up the recording, but also makes the internal relations between concepts clear at a glance.

Third, the integration of mind mapping in senior high school physics teaching

1. Introducing Mind Mapping into Classroom

Students are not familiar with mind mapping. For example, when reviewing the chapter "Description of Movement", the author introduced mind mapping in this way: First, I asked the students that we had learned the chapter "Description of Movement". Can you summarize the contents of this chapter? When most students frowned and looked puzzled, I wrote an action description in the center of the blackboard and circled these words. Let's guide the students to speak out the scattered knowledge points in their minds and express their thoughts. In the following time, the students talked about some concepts, knowledge points and precautions they had learned. Although there are no priorities, they are enthusiastic and interesting. I first write all the knowledge points mentioned by the students on the blackboard, and then guide the students to understand the relationship between the knowledge points, find the right position, and mark the key and difficult problems.

After the mind map is drawn, students are a little confused, but they also realize the difference between mind map and blackboard writing, as well as some advantages of mind map.

2. Learning mind mapping in class

Although students are exposed to mind mapping, it is difficult to really understand the drawing method of mind mapping. The author asks students to prepare colored pens and white paper in class. First of all, the author drew a mind map with water as the center image. Let students know how to draw a mind map and experience the intuitive and vivid characteristics of mind map. At the same time, guiding students to understand that mind mapping is a natural extension of brain thinking and a concrete and vivid representation of thinking process; However, when doing mind mapping, there should be layers, the lines of the trunk should be thicker, the key points should be prominent, and keywords should be included; The central image should be drawn in the center, and several colors can be used; You can mark and draw pictures ―― as long as it helps you understand your ideas.

Then, the author asked the students to make their own mind maps with computer as the theme, and the results were gratifying. With a little push, students can draw mind maps in an appropriate way. It can be seen that mind mapping is indeed a natural expression that conforms to the thinking mode of the brain.

3. Applying mind mapping in the classroom

Students know mind mapping and are interested in it, but that doesn't mean they will use it and remain enthusiastic all the time. Students can apply mind mapping to the classroom from three aspects:

First of all, students are required to preview each lesson and use mind map to summarize the knowledge they have understood during preview. The mind map made by students at the beginning is mixed, which is the most critical time. Teachers should carefully review each picture and write comments on it, only writing advantages (focus solving emphasizes that focusing correctly and actively will bring about benign changes, and you will remember the advantages when you point out the advantages of students), giving students affirmation and encouragement.

Secondly, when teachers teach each new lesson, they make the blackboard into a mind map. Present your own thinking process and mind mapping process to students, and let them try to figure out how to learn. Teachers don't need to tell students that mind maps should be done this way or that, but let students experience them and gradually understand them. Although the process will be slower, once they know it, it is not easy to forget it.

Finally, teachers should ask students to revise their mind maps. The process of review is actually a process of comparative learning, and it is also a process of reflection, summary and precipitation of what you have learned. After two or three weeks, students are basically used to thinking map as a means to preview induction and take notes in class.

The subtle infiltration of the previous stage has achieved initial results, which makes students gradually understand that mind mapping is not contradictory to the original learning method of listening to lectures and doing problems. On the contrary, the efficiency of listening to lectures and reviewing is greatly improved, so students' learning initiative is greatly improved. Practice shows that students' creativity and enthusiasm for creation are infinite.

Mind mapping can clearly show the context of knowledge, clearly express the key points and difficulties, and make students' learning and review efficient and fast. Mind mapping can help to change the influence of traditional classroom teaching, and change the teaching mode of showing complete structure, complete knowledge, full house of teachers and beautiful students into a student-centered and teacher-led teaching mode. As a thinking tool and way of thinking, mind map can help students to have a holistic and overall concept when understanding affairs. It focuses on expressing the content related to the core theme, and can show its hierarchical relationship and the relationship between them, so as to clarify the context and present the thinking process. I believe that in the near future, mind mapping will become an indispensable tool for teachers and students.