How many kinds of car steering systems are there?

The steering system on automobiles can be roughly divided into three categories: (1) mechanical hydraulic power steering system; (2) electro-hydraulic power steering system; (3) Electric power steering system.

First, the electric power steering system (EPS)

When the car turns, the torque sensor will "feel" the torque of the steering wheel and the direction to turn, and these signals will be sent to the electronic control unit through the data bus. The electronic control unit will send an action command to the motor controller according to the data signals such as the transmitted torque and the direction to be steered, so that the motor can output the corresponding rotating torque according to the specific needs, thus generating power-assisted steering.

Second, the mechanical hydraulic power steering system

1, the mechanical hydraulic power steering system is generally composed of hydraulic pump, oil pipe, pressure and flow control valve body, V-belt, oil storage tank and other components.

2. This system will work whether the car is turning or not. When the turning speed is low, the hydraulic pump needs to output more power to get more help. The mechanical hydraulic power steering system consists of hydraulic pump, pipeline and oil cylinder. In order to maintain the pressure, the system is always working regardless of the need for steering assistance, which is one of the reasons for consuming resources. Generally speaking, mechanical hydraulic power assist system is widely used in economical cars.

Three, electro-hydraulic power steering system

Working principle: The electro-hydraulic power steering system overcomes the shortcomings of the traditional hydraulic power steering system. The hydraulic pump it uses is no longer directly driven by the engine belt, but an electric pump, and all its working conditions are the most ideal ones calculated by the electronic control unit according to the signals such as vehicle speed and steering angle. To put it simply, the electronic control unit drives the electronic hydraulic pump to run at high speed, so as to output more power when steering at low speed, which makes the driver steering labor-saving; When the car runs at high speed, the hydraulic control unit drives the electronic hydraulic pump to run at low speed, which will not affect the need of high-speed steering and save some engine power.