How to understand the basic aesthetic forms in ancient China (artistic conception, vivid, beautiful and sublime)

The specific aesthetic form is formed under the specific historical environment and conditions. Aesthetic forms often reflect the aesthetic thoughts of a specific period.

Historicity of aesthetic form. First of all, aesthetic form is the product of a specific historical, social and cultural development stage. Secondly, the specific connotation of aesthetic form is constantly evolving in historical development. The essence of China's early aesthetic form is poetic and musical; The essence of early western aesthetic forms is dramatic and sculptural. Aesthetic form and religion: the gestation of western aesthetic form is linked with religious consciousness from the beginning, paying attention to the inquiry of the ultimate value of life; China's aesthetic culture has the characteristics of secularization and is unofficial with religion. Aesthetic form and philosophy: the formation and development of western aesthetic form is restricted and influenced by the change of philosophical thought as a whole; China's philosophy of life has remained unchanged for thousands of years. The idea of "neutralization" is an ontology, an aesthetic ideal and a basic aesthetic form in philosophy.

One is about the sublime theory. In the history of western aesthetics, Pythagoras in ancient Greece was the first to involve lofty content. For the first time, Ron Girnus explicitly discussed sublimity and elegance as two kinds of beauty that can be juxtaposed. Kant: truly regards sublimity as an aesthetic form, and thinks that there are two types of sublimity, namely mathematical sublimity and mechanical sublimity. Schiller: This paper mainly discusses the sublime essence from the artistic point of view. Hegel: Inherited Kant's thought of "human theory", affirmed the view that sublimity comes from people's inner feelings, and agreed with Schiller's view that beauty and sublimity should exist in the unity of content and form. Lyotard: Based on the post-modern theory, this paper explains the sublime.

Second, the theory of beauty. In the history of western aesthetics, the discussion of beauty has always been clarified by the discussion of sublimity. In ancient Greece and Rome, beauty and beauty were equated; Pythagoras school thinks that the most beautiful figures are spherical and round; Plato believes that beauty can "cause pleasure without pain" and is a single, pure and absolute beauty; Aristotle: "The highest form of beauty is order, symmetry and certainty"; Cicero in ancient Rome put forward two kinds of beauty: beauty and majesty.

3. lofty characteristics. First, the beauty of majestic power; Second, the high-spirited beauty of social value realization; Third, the beauty of resolute and strong character; Fourth, the beauty of majesty.

Four beautiful features. First, beauty is the true expression of detached and elegant life realm; Second, the external formal characteristics of the coordination between beauty and elegance; Third, it is the content of harmony; Fourthly, it is a refreshing, pleasant and light aesthetic experience.