Characteristics of automobile circuit

The characteristics of automobile circuits are low-voltage power supply, DC power supply, two power supplies in parallel, electrical equipment, safety devices, single-wire system, negative grounding, unit circuit combination, color and logo characteristics of automobile circuits.

1, low-voltage power supply. The rated voltages of automobile circuits are generally 12V and 24V. Gasoline vehicles generally use 12V power supply, while diesel vehicles mostly use 24V power supply (consisting of two 12V batteries connected in series).

2.DC power supply company. Modern automobile engines are started by electric starters, which are powered by batteries, which must be charged by DC power supply. The direct current of an automobile is the alternating current generated by an alternator, which is rectified by an internal rectifier and then output.

3. There are two power supplies. There are two power sources in the automobile circuit, one is a generator and the other is a battery, which are connected in parallel to supply power to electrical equipment. As an auxiliary power supply, the storage battery supplies power to the electrical equipment when the generator is not working. As the main power supply, the generator supplies power to the vehicle-mounted appliances and charges the battery when the engine starts to work.

4, electrical equipment in parallel. The electrical appliances in the car are all connected in parallel, and each electrical appliance is controlled by a special switch connected in series in its own branch, which does not interfere with each other. During maintenance, the electrical appliance can be disassembled independently, without disturbing other electrical equipment.

5, equipped with safety devices. In order to prevent the circuit components from burning the circuit due to short circuit, a safety device is installed in the automobile circuit to prevent the load.

6. Adopt single-wire system. In theory, a common live wire and a neutral wire are needed for the parallel connection of electrical equipment in the car. However, the engine and chassis are made of metal and have electrical conductivity. Therefore, the metal body of the car is used as the conductor, and the electrical equipment only needs one conductor to connect to the power supply, so it is called single-wire system.

7, using negative grounding. The use of single-wire system requires one electrode of the battery to be connected to the frame, commonly known as "grounding". This has less interference to radio equipment and less electrochemical corrosion to the frame and car body.

8. Composed of unit circuits. Although the automobile circuits are complex, they are all composed of relatively independent modules.

9. Car lines have color and logo characteristics. There are many lines in the car. In order to facilitate identification and maintenance, wires in automobile circuits are identified with different colors and letter codes.

Automobile circuit composition

The basic circuit in an automobile consists of power supply, safety, switch, electrical appliances and wires. Connect them together with wires to form a complete circuit. When the switch is closed, the circuit is connected, current flows through the appliance, and the appliance starts to work. Any circuit in a car has evolved from this basic circuit.

It's just that multiple circuits are connected in parallel or in series, which makes the circuits look more complicated. As long as the current always flows from the positive pole of the battery or power supply to the negative pole (especially if the automobile body and engine matrix are negative poles), the circuit diagram can be clearly seen.