Analysis on the advantages and disadvantages of Zhejiang's foreign trade export at present.

At present, there are "three major incongruities" and "two unsustainabilities" in Zhejiang's foreign trade development:

-service trade and goods trade are not coordinated. In 2006, the import and export volume of service trade in Zhejiang was US$ 7.5 billion, and the proportion of service trade in goods trade was 5.4%, which was about 4 percentage points lower than the national average (28. 1% in the United States in 2003). At present, the share of service trade in world trade is rising, and the prosperity of service outsourcing has become a new growth point of international trade. The world economic structure is changing to service industry, and the development level of service industry will better reflect the comprehensive competitiveness of a region.

-Inconsistency between import and export. In 2006, Zhejiang's import-export ratio was 1:2.64, the national import-export ratio was 1: 1.22, and Guangdong, Jiangsu and Shanghai were1:/0.34 and1:/kloc-respectively. Imports accounted for 4.8% of the country, 5.6 percentage points lower than exports. From 1999 to 2006, the average annual growth rate of Zhejiang's imports was 32.6%, which was lower than the average annual growth rate of exports 1.6 percentage points. The original base is low, and the average annual growth rate is lower than that of exports. Zhejiang's import development is difficult.

-The export commodity structure is not harmonious. In 2006, the proportion of high-tech products in Zhejiang's total export was only 10.08%, which was lower than the national average of 19 percentage points, and also lower than that of Jiangsu, Shanghai and Guangdong by 33.6, 28.8 and 24.5 percentage points respectively. This is related to the slow development of high-tech industries in this province. In 2006, Zhejiang's GDP accounted for 7.47% of the whole country, but the high-tech output value only accounted for 5.05% of the whole country. The added value of Zhejiang's export commodities is not high, independent export brands are scarce, the industrial pattern of low added value has not been fundamentally changed, and low-price competition and vicious competition still exist. Footwear exported from Zhejiang accounts for 40% of the global similar market, but the average unit price is only 1/5 in Spain and112 in Italy.

-Low-cost expansion is unsustainable. The rapid growth of Zhejiang's foreign trade is mainly based on low-cost competition and low-price quantity expansion, which leads to the phenomenon of increasing quantity and decreasing price and deteriorating terms of trade. At present, although the labor price in Zhejiang is higher than the national average, it is only about 1/20 in developed countries, which is lower than some developing countries. Zhejiang private enterprises account for a high proportion of exports, so the social responsibility of private export enterprises needs to be improved urgently. At present, the production cost of export products has not reflected the value of some scarce factors, such as land, and has not really formed a "factor price". With the implementation of strict farmland protection system, the rising trend of land cost began to appear. The low-cost factors supporting the growth of foreign trade will not last long.

-Lack of core competitiveness is unsustainable. More than 90% of Zhejiang's export products are still mainly produced by OEM, and the proportion of self-owned brand products is less than 6%, far below the international level of 50%. The export products are "made in Zhejiang" rather than "created in Zhejiang", which is at the low end of the international industrial chain. This way of participating in international division of labor meets the needs of Zhejiang's current economic development, but if it is long-term, it will be difficult to promote industrial upgrading, form its own core competitiveness, and restrict the improvement of foreign trade benefits.

The traditional growth mode of Zhejiang's foreign trade has created the prosperity of Zhejiang's foreign trade, but the export dominated by private enterprises is dominated by low price and scale competition in the international market. Export growth is mainly driven by the export of labor-intensive products or labor-intensive manufacturing links. From the perspective of factor contribution, it is obvious that material factor input is the main factor. The export structure is determined by the industrial structure, the adjustment of industrial structure is not in place, and it is difficult to optimize the foreign trade structure. This is a gradual process. Any strategy is staged. Under the new situation, it is imperative to accelerate the transformation of Zhejiang's foreign trade development mode.