About the origin of the surname Lu

Name

Surname name: Lu

Pinyin: lu[2 tone]

Sequence: 0167

Introduction

Introducing Documents

Introducing Documents

Origins of the Surname Lu

Origins of the Surname Lu

The Ancient Lu People and the Word Lu

In the ancient times, there was a nomadic tribe in the western part of China. The people of this tribe carried a kind of specially made utensils for holding food, Lu ware, which was woven with willow branches and so on, and shifted all over the place, living a primitive nomadic life in groups.

In order to survive, they first had to relieve hunger and keep warm, and under primitive labor conditions they had to search for water and grassland, and chase and raise animals that were beneficial to them for food and clothing. At the same time, they must also escape and resist poisonous snakes and beasts in order to preserve their lives. They worshiped the tiger, the king of all beasts. During the period when the primitive people worshipped the totem, they chose the tiger as their totem and worshiped it. When primitive people drew pictures and made characters, the character Lu took the upper part of the character Tiger.

The ancients used the traditional Chinese character for Lu (hut). The upper part of this traditional Chinese character is tiger and the lower part is "皿". The "皿" indicates the special utensils made by the Lu people, i.e., the Lu utensils mentioned in the previous section.

Anciently, the Lu people were often active in the Lu water basin and the Lu mountain area. Because they had to chase the water and grasslands for nomadic labor production, so they migrated a wide range, including China's northwest, southwest and even the central and western regions, can be said to be highly mobile, but the influence of a wide range.

Shen Kuo pointed out in his famous book "Mengxi Bianan": "the barbarians said black said Lu." And black is often written "Wu". Yalong River in present-day Sichuan Province was known as Lu Shui in ancient times, the upper reaches of the Minjiang River is now also called Lu Shui river. In many other places, mountains, rivers, cities and towns, and communities are still called Lu Shan, Lu Shui, Lu River, Lu Xi, Lu Gou, Lu Wan, Lu County, Lu Shi County, Lu Cheng, Lu Yuan, Lu Jia Cun, Lu Long, Lu Nu, Black Mountain, Hei He, Hei Shui, Wushan, and Wu Jiang.

Since the invention and use of fire by mankind, the Lu people have made primitive pottery by gluing willow-prepared Lu ware with a thick paste of clay and then repeatedly barbecuing it over fire. Although this pottery is primitive, but can be used to steam food and storage of water and other things needed for life, this pottery after the smoke and fire, often left a black soot, so the ancients naturally "Lu" and "black" associated. When the first people created their characters, they took into account the combination of "hut" and "fire" to form "燎"(simplified Chinese character "炉"), which contains the following words The meaning is to burn the clay-pasted Lu ware in the furnace by fire, which can also be said to burn the Lu ware with fire to make a primitive furnace. To make a stove, neither fire nor lu can be missing.

The source of the Lu family name to have four:

One, is from the Jiang surname, for the descendants of Emperor Shennong,

Shennong Yandi lineage

Yandi and Huang Di, the same as the Chinese nation's ancestor, the Chinese nation *** with the ancestor, the same as the "humanities first ancestor".

"The Yellow Emperor, the son of Shaodian, surnamed Gongsun, name Xuanyuan. He was born divine, weak and able to speak, young and favoritism, long and Dunmin, into a smart. Xuanyuan time, Shennong world decline, the vassal invasion, tyranny of the people, and Shennong's can not be conquered. So Xuan Yuan was used to use the dry spear to conquer the unenjoyable, and the vassals came to the guest from."

"State language - Jin language" narrative of the relationship between Emperor Yandi and the Yellow Emperor, said: "The former Shaodian married to have clan, born Yellow Emperor, Emperor Yandi. The Yellow Emperor was formed with Ji water, and the Yan Emperor was formed with Jiang water." "The two emperors used the division to help each other," and "men and women were in contact with each other to give birth to the people." At the end of Shennong's era (the late military democracy), tribes were at war with each other, so much so that Shennong, as the chief of the tribal alliance, was powerless to quell it. Huang Di was at this time, following the rise of Shen Nong, and gained the status of the alliance. Therefore, it is believed that the Yellow Emperor and Shennong (Emperor Yan), are not just a person, but the title of the tribe (and therefore the "dynasty" title), or the tribal leaders of the common title. Of course, it is possible that the tribe was named after the original tribal chief.

Shennong predates the Yellow Emperor, and it is generally believed that Shennong is Emperor Yan. Both Emperor Yan and Emperor Huang were at the end of primitive society.

"Yandi wanted to invade the vassals, the vassals Xian returned to Xuanyuan. Xuanyuan is to cultivate virtue and vibration of the army, the rule of five qi, art of a kind, to caress the people, degree of the four directions. Teach bears, warriors, pi, braves, tigers, in order to fight with the Emperor in the version of the spring field. Three battles, and then get its will." "The vassals honored Xuanyuan as the son of heaven, on behalf of Shennong, is the Yellow Emperor." Explained in the Shennong (Yandi) clan world weakened, the virtue of the time, the Yellow Emperor succeeded. The main reason is that the two tribes (tribe) for the survival and development of their own space and disputes, generations of war. The Yellow Emperor united the tribes of the four directions, and it was only after many wars that he was able to defeat the Yan Emperor Shennong's clan and realize the first great union (great unity) in the history of the Chinese nation.

"Emperor century" more detailed account of the myth of the birth of Yandi: "Yandi, Shennong, ginger. Mother said Ren Si, a daughter of Jiao Clan, the name of Nu Deng, for the Shao Deng consort. Swimming in Huayang, there is a divine dragon, the first sense of women in Changyang, born Yan Di. Personality cow head, long in the ginger water, because of the surname. There are holy virtue. The king of fire virtue, so the name Yan Di. The first Chen (now Henan Huaiyang), and migrated Lu (now Shandong Qufu). Also known as the Kui Kui clan, also known as the Lianshan clan, also known as the Lieshan clan."

"Submerged in the theory - five virtues of the Zhi" in: "There is a divine dragon, the first out of the Chang Yang, feel Ren Si, born Red Emperor Kui Kui. The body is called Yan Di, the world is called Shen Nong, generation Fuxi clan. Its virtue of fire discipline, so the fire teacher and fire name." Saying the text: "Shennong live ginger water, thought the surname." Bamboo Book Chronicle": Yandi "Yu in the ginger water, so ginger for the surname", "its start of this Lie Shan, No. Lie Shan's". The Three Emperor's Chronicle" said: "Shennong's, ginger", "grew in the ginger water, because of the family name."

The Yellow Emperor, Emperor Yandi is the same out of the two brothers of the Shaodian clan (should be the Shaodian tribal alliance of the two cell tribes), because of their respective residences in the northwestern Loess Plateau of the Kishui, Jiangshui watersheds, so the name is different. Jiang Shui that is Qishui, in today's Shaanxi Province, Qishan, Wugong County area, is a tributary of the Wei Shui, the source of the Qishan, southward and the Hengshui merge, the people of the Yong River. The above Yandi surnamed Jiang, is because of the ginger water; Conversely, it is also possible that the ginger water because there is a ginger (Yandi) tribesmen's long-term residence and the name. Zheng Qiao said: "the name of the clan, and the land of the clan, the beginning of the same. All because of the residence and the name. Gifted for the name, not given for the land", "Jiang's given, living in the ginger water. Therefore, it is said that the surname is given because of the birth." "Jiang" word from the sheep, and Qiang with the same sound, meaning, indicating that they are one of the ancient times of the Qiang, is living by the water and grass nomadic (sheep-herding) nation; "Jiang" word from the female, as a tribal personnel **** name, that is, is the tribal name, originated from the *** with the first The word "Jiang" is also from female, which is the surname of the tribe, originating from the same ancestor, with the same blood lineage. Before the patriarchal clan society of the Shennong clan, there was a long period of matrilineal clan society. One of the important legacies of this period is the ****same family name designation of clans. Although in later times, many branches of this clan, had many clan titles, their ancestral surnames were unified (same) and would not be erased or forgotten. During the Zhou Dynasty, many Jiang clan (sub-clan) people **** the same to honor their ancestor Yan Di; Spring and Autumn Period, even the Zhou people have been regarded as "barbarians" of the "Jiang surname Zhu Rong" is no exception.

The Rituals of the Book of Rituals - Monthly Orders "justice" quoted in the Spring and Autumn Annals of the cloud: "Yandi Emperor, the name of Dating's, under the emperor of the earth, make Lei 耜, sowing hundreds of grains, said Shennong." It seems that Yan Di is only the emperor's name, and Shen Nong is the people's honorific title for him. Substantively, Shennong is engaged in agricultural production of the tribe, its leader called Yan Di. Ancient books also contained: "to fire virtue king, so it is called Yandi; make Lei 耜, so it is called Shennong." Yandi Shennong is a god with two virtues. -Some scholars believe that Shennong's before the Yellow Emperor, is one of the ancient "Three Emperors", Yandi is Shennong's descendants. Yandi, the Red Emperor, was the son of the Sun God, the God of Fire. In Zuo Zhuan, "The ninth year of the Duke of Liao (486 B.C.)," it reads, "Yandi was the fire master; the name of Jiang came after him."

"Han Shu - Food and Goods Zhi" said: "Food is called agricultural farming Jia Gu edible things, goods is called cloth and silk clothing and gold knife turtle shells, so split the wealth of Buli, through the have-nots also. Two of the people's capital, emerging from the age of Shennong. 'hacking wood for ??ê, rubbing wood for Lei Lei, Lei hoe benefit to teach the world', and food; 'day in the city, to the people of the world, gather the world's goods, trading and back, each have their own', and goods through. Food and goods are sufficient, and then the country is solid and the people are rich, and indoctrination is accomplished." Food and goods is the birth of the people, the basis of the people, both of which began in Shennong Emperor Yan Di, whose work can be immortalized.

Lu Jia's "New Words - Daoji" reads, "The people ate meat, drank blood, and wore fur. As for Shen Nong, that traveling insects and beasts, it is difficult to feed the people, is to seek edible things. He tasted the fruits of all kinds of grasses, examined the flavors of acidity and bitterness, and taught the people to eat the five grains." Baihu Tong - No." Yun: "Shennong due to the time of the day, divided into the benefits of the land, the system Lei and Plowshares, teaching the people to cultivate and the transformation, so called Shennong also." Huai Nan Zi - Xiu Mou Xun, "Shen Nong is to teach the people to sow the five grains, phase land, dryness and humidity, fertility, high and low. He tasted the flavors of the herbs and the sweetness and bitterness of the water springs, so that the people would know what to avoid." He was undoubtedly the pioneer and entrepreneur who led the ancestors from obscurity to civilization. According to "deduction of history" volume 4 cited "book of the Zhou" cloud: "Shennong time, the sky rains corn, Shennong then plowing and planting. Make pottery axe catty, for Lei 耜锄, in order to cultivate the grass. Then the five grains Xing help, a hundred fruits fern real." Yi - the Department of Rhetoric" said: "Bao ?s?2's did not, Shennong's work. Hacking wood for ??ê, rubbing wood for Lei, Lei hoeing, to teach the world." The invention of agriculture is indeed quite a myth, the ancients talked about, rendering has been very much. One of the most, is the Shennong's political ideology idealized, adding the later generations of Confucians their own views.

Shang Junshu (The Book of the Shang Dynasty): "In the days of Shennong, men ploughed and ate, women wove and clothed, ruled without the use of punishment, and king without the use of armor and soldiers."

"Zhuangzi - theft of metatarsalarsal" chapter: "Shennong's time, lying in the residence, get up in Yu Yu, the people know his mother, do not know his father, and the elk **** place. Plowing and eating, weaving and clothing, no harm to each other's heart, this is the most virtuous also."

The Book of the Yue Jie Shu said, "In the past, Shen Nong's rule of the world, the business of the benefit of just carry on, do not expect the extreme. Not greedy for the world's wealth, and the world **** rich; not with its intelligence self-priority over others, and the world **** honored." Expression of Shennong's selflessness, wisdom and sagacity. The Program of Gan": Yandi "rule the world, its customs are simple, and the emphasis on honesty. Not wrath and wealth, no system of order and the people from, Wei Li and not kill, the law is not annoying", depicting the primitive social life under the leadership of Emperor Yan Di.

"Road history - after the book" (by Song Luo Yu) described the political theory and thought of Emperor Yan Di, said he advocated that "the people for the state, food for the people day"; "strong and strong but not plow, will be subject to its hunger; women when the year is not weaving, will be subject to the cold," and "plow is not strong, will be subject to its cold". "Plowing is not strong people die (no) to feed their lives, weaving is not strong people do not cover their shape".

Yan Di began to make Leiyu, teaching people to plow; plowing for the soil, chiseling the ground for the wells; positive festivals, the establishment of the calendar; personally tasted a hundred herbs, the invention of medicine; the treatment of hemp for the cloth, the creation of clothing; the middle of the day for the city, advocating trade; cut the tung knot silk, the production of musical instruments; the treatment of the wood for the arc vector, the creation of weapons; "teaching of the sang ma", "the sang ma". "plowing and making pottery"; making stoves and utensils for civilian use. He is undoubtedly the founder of our country's farming culture, and created the civilization of the ancient Chinese nation with his own hands. Because he "began to teach the world to grow grain", "teaching plowing to produce grain, to the benefit of the people", so later generations honored him as Shennong. Legend has it that his death was also brilliant and tragic: in his later years, he toured the south, tasted all kinds of herbs to cure people's illnesses, "one day and encountered seventy poisons", and finally died because of his mistake in tasting the broken intestines and unfortunately died. Legend has it that he was buried in Luyuanpi, Tangtian Township, Ling County, Hunan Province, and later generations called his tomb the Mausoleum of Yan Di.

Because of Shennong's invention and advocacy, the Jiang Rong began to move from a nomadic life with no fixed abode to an agricultural life with sedentary farming. Shennong Yandi was indeed a great man who opened up the heavens and the earth with superb achievements.

The Yandi tribe's activities spread across Shaanxi, Gansu, Henan, Hebei, Shandong, Hubei and Hunan. The descendants of Yandi inherited the tradition of agricultural production and made new creations and inventions. The state language - Lu language ": "the former Lie Shan's world, its son said column, can plant hundreds of grains and vegetables. Xia's rise, Zhou abandoned following, so the sacrifice as Jik. *** Worker's Bur nine have also, its son said after the earth, can level nine earth, so the rituals for the community." Lie Shan Clan, also known as Li Shan Clan, is the number of Yandi; because Yandi started in Lie Shan. Lieshan is in present-day Suixian County (present-day Suizhou City) in Hubei Province.

Yan Di was called Shen Nong, who "taught the people to cultivate crops, wax sacrifices, medicine, and trade, and opened up the principle of mutual sustenance of food and clothing for all ages." Later generations glorified Shennong, "whose achievements are like heaven," and "whose great virtues are not alone, but are shared by all generations." At the time of the Shang and Zhou dynasties, the great sages Bo Yi and Shu Qi once sang a lament: "Shen Nong and Yu Xia suddenly disappeared, and I am comfortable to return to?" Zhang Heng of the Eastern Han Dynasty wrote "Tokyo Fugue", lamenting, "I can't see the beauty of Yan Di and Di Kui. Jin Tao Yuanming in the "drinking" poem, "Xi, Nong went to me for a long time, the world sighed again true" regret; he in the "feeling of the Shi not meet the assignment" in the "Shi not met, not in the world of the Yandi Emperor, Dikui," the resentment. It can be seen that the era of Yandi had made many scholars yearn for it. The Corpse explains the god of Shennong as follows: "Shennong ruled the world, and when he wanted it to rain, it rained. Five days for the rain, ten days for the rain, five days for the rain. The system of the four seasons is correct, and all things are benefited, so he is the god."

After King Wu of Zhou destroyed Yin Zhou, "in remembrance of the first saintly king, was praised after the Shennong in Jiao (now Bozhou City, Anhui Province)," on behalf of the people of Yandi's merits of the commemoration and praise.

Yandi's lineage, according to the "Rituals - Sacrifice Law" sparse citation of the "Spring and Autumn Annals of the calendar order" said: "Yandi passed eight, together with five hundred and twenty years." Passed by the eighth, "Yi - the system of words" cited "emperor lineage" in: "Shennong's reign one hundred and twenty years and collapse. Nabunshui's female said to listen to the splash, born emperor Lin Kui; the second emperor Cheng, the second emperor Ming, the second emperor straight, the second emperor Ci, the second emperor mourning, the second emperor Yu Hui. Where eight generations, and Regulus."

The "unified genealogy of ten thousand surnames" said: "Yan Di Shennong's, ginger, born in Li Shan, long in the ginger water, because of the family name. Following the position of Wuhuai's, bearing the Taihao wood virtue, the king of fire virtue, so it is called Yandi Emperor. Du Lu. Reigned one hundred and forty years."

The Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals - Shen Shi expanse, said, "Shennong's seventeen generations have the world," may be closer to the historical facts. In this case, the eight generations mentioned above may be only the more famous and influential ones.

The lineage contained in the Genealogy of the Ten Thousand Surnames is the same as that of the Lineage of the Emperors and Kings, but it states that "there have been seven generations, inherited the name of Shennong, three hundred and sixty-six years to the Yu Yu lost the rule of the vassals to attack each other, and the Yellow Emperor conquered, the world returned to the country."

The Han Shu - RuLiZhi said: Shennong's "No. Yandi", "and said KuiKui's, and said LianShan's, and said LieShan's".

Shennong: tribal leader called Yandi, ginger, cattle totem. Is the inventor of agriculture and medicine. Its famous descendants are Chi You's, Lie (Li) Shan's, **** Gong's, four Yue's and so on.

Chi You's: after Emperor Yan Di (one day first served in Emperor Yan Di), from the water of the sheep, served in the Yellow Emperor. The official for the gold, silent view of Shennong Shih declined, the potential casting of gold class, as a sharp weapon, raise the army by Yu Yu (Yan Di's descendants), the self-proclaimed Yandi. Afterwards, he fought against the Yellow Emperor and invited the wind and rain masters to help him in the battle, but he was finally defeated by the Yellow Emperor in the field of Zhuo Lu and was killed. He was the god of war and weaponry, and the invention of weaponry originated from agricultural tools and other production tools.

***Worker's Clan: also known as ****Tapping Clan, descendant of Emperor Yan Di. The character is violent and easy to be wrong. Legend has it that because of Zhuan Xu and the strong for the emperor, had a great battle with the East Barbarians, did not win, and the anger touched the mountain of Buzhou, resulting in the sky fell to the ground, resulting in a catastrophe on earth.

Lie Shan Clan: Also known as the Li Shan Clan, its leader was Lie Shan or Zhu.

Lie Shan Clan: also known as the Lie Shan Clan, its leader was Lie Shan or Zhu, who was able to plant a hundred grains and a hundred vegetables. In Zuo Zhuan - Zhaogong 29 Years, it is written: "The son of the Lie Shan Clan is called Zhu, and he is Ji Ji." Rituals - Sacrifice Law" says: "The Lishan Clan has the world, its son said Nong, can plant hundreds of grains." It is generally believed that the Lie Shan clan for the descendants of Emperor Yan Di, is still the god of agriculture, the god of grain. Lie Shan, originally the meaning of burning mountains and reclaiming fields.

Four Yue clan: the leader of the Bo Yi, ginger, rumored to be the grandson of the **** work, has helped Yu to level the water and soil. After the reproduction of Qi, Lv, Shen, Xu four descendants.

Yandi Shennong, the name of Shi Nian, the legend reign 140 years (about 3216 ~ 3077 BC), said to reign 120 years, died and buried in Chaling, Hunan Province (now Ling County, Tangtian Township, Deer Plains Pei, also known as Yanling Mountain, Huangshan).

The second, Lin Kui, the eldest son of Yan Di, reigned for 80 years (3076 to 2997 BC).

The third, Di Cheng, reigned for 60 years (2996 to 2937 BC).

The fourth, Di Ming, reigned 49 years (2936 I 2888 BC).

The fifth, Di Zhi, reigned for 45 years (2887 I 2843 BC).

The sixth, Tilai (厘), reigned for 48 years (2842 - 2795 BC).

The seventh, Ti-Lai (哀), reigned 42 years (2794 a.d. to 2753 b.c.).

The eighth, Yu Rui (榆罔), known as Ke (克), was the eldest, and reigned for 55 years; he abdicated because his virtues were inferior to those of his younger brother, Xuan Yuan (辕). Xuanyuan, the Yellow Emperor, was surnamed the Ursus.

The ninth generation, known as Weapons, was the son of Yuhui.

The tenth generation, named Zhu Rong, the son of the ware; died and buried in Hengshan (in present-day Hunan).

The eleventh generation was named Jushu, son of Zhu Rong.

The twelfth generation was named Gou Long (勾龙), the son of Jurong (术嚣).

The 13th generation, named Chui, son of Gou Long.

The fourteenth generation, name **** Gong.

The fifteenth generation, named Bo Yi, a famous sage, supported Emperor Yao to control the four mountains, supported Dayu to control the water, and was awarded the title of Marquis of Lu for his achievements, which was the beginning of the Lu Clan's surname. The name of the family was derived from the name Lü. The name Jiang Tai Gong Lü Shang was derived from the name Jiang Tai Gong Lü Shang.

Descendants of Yan Di

Shen Nong's descendants multiplied and developed, and there were many tribes. During the Shang and Zhou periods, many states (Fangguo) were established. Legend has it that Shennong's last name was Jiang Kuan, a Shi Nian. Shennong's son, there are God's, Nong's, Li's, Li's and columns. The Li Clan branched out into the Li Clan and the Lai Clan. Since the beginning of the column called Yandi, the subsequent lineage:

Di Zhu gave birth to Qingjia; Qingjia gave birth to A's and Di Lin; Di Lin passed on to Di Cheng; Di Cheng passed on to Di Kui; Di Kui passed on to Di Ming; Di Ming passed on to Di Zhi; Di Zhi passed on to Di Ci; Di Li passed on to Di Jiu (also known as Di Weng); and Di Jiu passed on to Jie Stem. After the Setsubun, there were the Setsubun clan, the Play clan, and the Ke clan. The Ke Clan passed on to the Emperor Yuru (Samlu), from whom came the Yu Clan, the Lu Clan, the Chidi Clan, and the Baidi Clan; the Play Clan passed on to the Ware Clan and the Xiao Di Clan. Ware's descendants were the Vantage, Burling, and Zhuyong branches. Vantage after the Feng, Vantage, Feng father, rich father's; Burling bees and Feng's, Feng born Shu's, Yan's and drums, drums born Lingqi, Lingqi born on the daiji; Zhu Yong's descendants of the Yin more developed: Zhu Yong was born Art clamor, Art clamor was born strips, hook dragon (i.e., the back of the earth); hook dragon leveling the water and soil has been a success, the descendants of the commemorative, honored as a social god; hook dragon after the hook, hook dragon's, * ** Gong, letters, droop; * * ** Gong derived from the * * * *, Gong's; letters born Quafu; droop after the hook, hook dragon's, * * * Workers, letter,垂; play passes on ware and small emperor. ; Xin gave birth to Kwa Fu; Chui gave birth to Choke Ming (i.e., Bo Yi).

Boi was followed by Taiyue, Myr, and Yi; Taiyue is the Four Yue, whose descendants were divided up during the Shang and Zhou periods, and so there were Lü, Shen, Sui, Chun, Xiang, Bo, Gan, Zhou, Wenshu, Yue, and Xianlong.

The Battle of Yan and Huang

History tells us that Emperor Yan and Emperor Huang were originally of the same race ("brothers"), both living in the northwest, Emperor Yan in the Jiangshui basin (Baoji City), and Emperor Huang in the Jishui basin (i.e., Qishui under Mount Qishan). They were originally nomads in the Loess Plateau area in the northwest of China. The Century of Emperors and Kings says: "Woman Deng, the consort of Shaodian. When she traveled to Huayang, the head of a divine dragon touched her in Changyang and gave birth to Emperor Yan." Female Deng sensed in Changyang to give birth to Yandi, with Jiang as his surname, which vaguely suggests that Yandi came from the Qiang (sheep-herding tribes).

Since Shennong's invention of agriculture, they began a semi-settled, semi-migratory agricultural life. They traveled eastward along the Weishui basin to the great plain south of the Yellow River, an area suitable for primitive agricultural production, and so the Shennongs became the earliest settled agricultural tribe. They began to build cities and set up euphonies, first in Chen (present-day Huaiyang, Henan Province), and then moved to Lu, the capital of Qufu. Therefore, there were also Jiang tribes living in Shandong. At the beginning of the Zhou Dynasty, King Wu divided the Jiang Ziya clan to establish the state of Qi in Shandong, which had its own historical reasons and social basis.

Yandi clan passed to the emperor Yu Hui, began to decline. Within the tribe, the Chi tribe started a war for power and defeated Emperor Yuhui, seizing the imperial throne, still known as the Yan Emperor and residing in Zhuo Lu. At this time, the Yellow Emperor's tribe arose and united with the Yuhui tribe, defeating the Chi You tribe at Zhuo Lu. The Yellow Emperor replaced the Yan Emperor and became the **** same leader of the Yan and Huang tribal alliance.

The emperor Yu罔族除了部分合并于黄帝部落，定居北方外，另部分南迁于江汉之间，仍然袭称神农氏或炎帝族。 They became the leaders of the southern tribal confederation.

The Book of Rites-Moon Order says: "The south is said to be Yantian, and its emperor Yandi."

The Houhanshu - County and State Zhi said, "Yandi Shennong, the Emperor of Yantian, was buried in Changsha."

The Yidi Jisheng says that the burial was in the south of Chaling County, at the end of Chaxiang.

"Road history - after the four" cloud, the Yandi pillar of the descendants of Yandi Qingjia, to (i.e., ci), "all Zhao (buried) Chaling"

Song Taizu Zhao Kuangyin after the founding of the country, in the five years of the Qiande (A.D. 967 years), the ministers of the Chaxiang Bailuyuan visit to the Mausoleum of the Yandi Emperor, due to the repairs, and set up a temple to worship.

Yandi Jiang clan along the Weishui, ... The Yellow River migrated eastward, one of them to the territory of Shandong, between the lower reaches of the Yellow River and Zishui activities. It then settled down and gradually gave rise to many branch clans,

Lu Shang was feudalized in Qi to build the state of Qi

Lu Shang was also known as Jiang Shang, Zi Ya, Taigongwang, Shi Shangfu, and Taigong of Qi. In the 11th century B.C., he was ordered by King Wu (Ji Fa) of the Zhou Dynasty to command the army against King Zhou of the Shang Dynasty, and thus became a major contributor to the destruction of the Zhou Dynasty.

At the end of the Shang Dynasty, Zhou was a tyrannical monarch hated by the whole country, and Ji Chang was once appointed as Xi Bo, and people called him Xi Bo Hou. He was once imprisoned by King Zhou at Lingli (north of Tangyin in present-day Henan Province) for having offended him. After his release, he led his troops to destroy the surrounding small states of Li (southwest of present-day Changzhi City, Shanxi Province), Gan (northwest of present-day Qinyang City, Henan Province), and Chong (north of present-day Song County, Henan Province). He established his ruling center at Fengyi (southwest of present-day Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province).

When Xibo Hou was still alive, he failed to fulfill his wish of overthrowing the dark rule of the Shang Dynasty. On his deathbed, he told his second son, Ji Fa, to make preparations to invade the Shang Dynasty at the earliest possible time. When Ji Fa was about to lead his troops to conquer Shang Zhou, he asked Lu Shang for advice on how to overcome the enemy. Lu Shang said to Ji Fa, "King Zhou has lost the hearts of the people because of his tyranny and cruelty to many commoners. We must be contrary to King Zhou, we must love the people and deal with King Zhou's obstinacy with sagacity and wisdom. If we win the hearts and support of the people, we can surely win." This was Lu Shang's "Wen Jing" strategy for overcoming the enemy. On the other hand, there was his "Wu Wei" strategy. He utilized the contradictions in the opposing camps to cause internal strife, weakening each other's power, and even to the point of complete disintegration. Secondly, he talked about the deployment of military power and the tactics of using troops.

In the process of destroying the Shang Dynasty, Lu Shang once acted as the vanguard of Ji Fa's army, mobilizing the Huben (tiger ben) and the Rongqi (military vehicle) to charge into the army of Shang Zhou. He led his troops to fight against King Zhou's army at Muye (southwest of present-day Qi County, Henan Province). During the fierce battle, the slaves and prisoners of war in the Shang army revolted and fought back. King Zhou of Shang was desperate and finally burned himself to death on Deer Terrace. Ji Fa then led his army to capture the Shang capital of Chaoguo (present-day Qi County, Henan Province) and announced the final demise of the Shang Dynasty. After the demise of the Shang, Ji Fa established the Western Zhou Dynasty, with its capital at Haojing (southwest of Xi'an, Shaanxi Province), which was called "Zongzhou". After his death, his temple name was King Wu. His son, Ji Chanting, inherited the throne and became known as King Cheng of Zhou.

King Cheng of Zhou made Lü Shang a Marquis of Qi in recognition of his great service in assisting Zhou in destroying the Shang. Lu Shang was granted a large piece of land, Qi. He established the vassal state of Qi and chose Yingqiu (north of Linzi in present-day Shandong Province) as his capital. Lü Shang, who founded the state of Qi, "honored the wise and respected the wise, and rewarded the meritorious" so that Qi became a powerful state in the Western Zhou Dynasty and the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.

The first ancestor of the family name and the founder of the family name--Gao Wait

Gao Wait was the 11th generation grandson of Duke Jiang Taigong, who had served in several dynasties and inherited the post of Secretary of State, and whose sister was the wife of the Duke of Xiang of Qi, who was known as "Uncle Gao". Gao Mina was an important minister of Qi, and he was appointed to Luyi for his support of Duke Huan of Qi, which gave birth to the Lu Clan. According to records, the seventh generation grandson of Duke Taigong of Qi was Duke Wen Luchi, who had a son named Gao, and Duke Gao's grandson, Lv (亻奚), "took the name of the king's father as his name", so his surname was Gao, and he was called Gao (亻奚). Gao Mina's name was Jingzhong (敬仲), and he was known as Zuwang (祖望), and he was quite capable of diplomacy and governing. During his life, he lived through four generations of Dukes Xi, Xiang, Huan, and Xiaodong. During the Xiang and Huan eras, when Qi was in trouble, Gao Mina was in power, and Duke Xiang was killed by his subordinates, Lian Zhan and Guan Zhifu, because of his lack of morality, extravagance and lustfulness. The two rulers, Gao and Guo, saw that it was not possible to do anything, so they claimed to be sick and did not come to court, and Wuchi did not dare to depose them.

Qi state all the doctors on the ignorant usurpation of extreme dissatisfaction, the doctor Yong GANGGUANG and all the doctors **** plan to remove the rebellious, re-establish the son of the late king. They deliberated and thought, "Gao Jingzhong, the country's world minister, has always been talented and convincing." The plan was to make Gao Mina set up a banquet to invite Lian and Guan, who would surely come to the banquet, and then assassinate the two thieves, which would be a success. He told Gao Mina about this plan, and Gao promised to do so. When Gao (亻奚) hosted a banquet, Yong Grange killed Ignorant, and the warriors in Gao's mansion killed Lian and Guan. The generals then discussed the appointment of a new ruler at the Gao residence. Duke Xiang of Qi had two sons, Duke Kao and Xiao Bai, who had already fled to Lu and Ju because of Duke Xiang's wickedness. Gao Minamata, who had been a close friend of Duke Xiaobai, discussed the matter with his fellow ministers and secretly recalled Duke Xiaobai from the state of Ju. At this time, the king of Lu, knowing that Ignorance was dead, also wanted to send troops to escort Duke Kao, who had fled to his maternal uncle's house to take refuge, back to his country to assume the throne; and he ordered Duke Kao's subordinate, Guanzhong, to bring a group of troops to block the passage from Ju to Qi, and then to fight with the group escorting Xiaobai back to his country. Xiao Bai was shot with a hook by Guan Zhong, pretended to be dead, and was carried in a car, which quickly sped to the capital of Qi. Guanzhong was fooled and sent someone to report to Lu, who hurriedly sent Duke Zigang to Qi. When Duke Tang and his men arrived, Xiaobai had already arrived. With Gao (亻奚) and others on the inside, Xiaobai quickly assumed the throne as Duke Huan of Qi.

After taking the throne, Duke Huan sent troops to attack Lu and tried to kill Guan Zhong. Bao Shujia advised Duke Huan, "If you are going to rule Qi, you will be able to do it with Gao Mina and Shujia. Jun and want to dominate the king, non-tube Yi-wu can not". Duke Huan listened to Bao Shuya's advice and put aside his former enmity and hired Guan Zhong as a doctor with generous gifts and entrusted him with political affairs. In the ninth year of Zhuang Gong's reign (685 B.C.), Zuo Zhuan (左传), it is written that Bao Shuya recommended Guan Zhong to Duke Huan of Qi as a prime minister, saying, "Guan Yiwu is better than Gao Minamata, and he can be his prime minister." Gao (亻奚) did not strive for success and greed for position, but recognized the importance of the situation and faithfully assisted Duke Huan. In "The Language of Qi", Guan Zhong suggested to Duke Huan to establish three armies to strengthen his military power: Duke Huan commanded the middle army of "Wuxiang" (10,000 men), while Guozi and Gaozi, who were both ministers of Qi, led the "Wuxiang" for the left and right armies. "The great powers were unable to take advantage of the fact that they had 30,000 men to march across the world.

Duke Huan got Guan Zhong, with Bao Shuya, Xi Peng, Gao (亻奚), etc., the development of fishing and salt, relief of poverty, the people of Qi embraced. After Duke Huan of Qi assumed the throne, he repaired the achievements of the aid and established, and gave additional cognacs to the Gao and Guoshi Secretaries of State. He gave Lu Yi to Gao (亻奚). The Gao family continued to uphold the state administration, and together with the Guo family, they were the most important ministers of Qi. Duke Huan of Qi, with the support of his ministers, rapidly strengthened his state and became the first hegemon in the Spring and Autumn Period. At that time, the state of Lu was in turmoil because of Duke Zhuang's wife (Mourning Jiang) and Qingfu (Duke Zhuang's younger brother), and after Duke Zhuang's death, the two of them were killed and the state was left without a ruler for a long period of time. Duke Huan of Qi sent Gao Mina to Lu to carry out the important mission of "preserving Lu". In the second year of Min Gong (660 B.C.) of the Spring and Autumn Annals, it is written: "Qi Gaozi came to make an alliance", which means that Gao Mina, by the order of Duke Huan of Qi, "sent 3,000 men from the armors of Nanyang" to Lu, to help Lu to "set up Duke Xijun and build Lu". "He made an alliance with Duke Xi. He made an alliance with Duke Xi and stabilized the political situation of Lu; at the same time, he ordered the soldiers to help the Lu people build the city of Lumen to prevent the change of the state of Zhu and Zhu. The people of Lu made a beautiful story of this, "saying that it was like looking at Gao Zi". The world praised Gao (亻奚) for his "ability to carry out the righteousness of a loyal subject and to encourage his ruler to dominate the country" ("霸"). In the 13th year of Xi Gong (647 B.C.) of the Zuo Zhuan (左传), King Xiang of the Zhou Dynasty (周襄王) wanted to honor Guan Zhong (管仲), a minister of Qi, with the gift of the Minister of State (以上卿), because he had made great achievements in pacifying the Rong and supporting the Zhou Dynasty. Guanzhong said that Qi had "two guardianships of the Son of Heaven and a high position", and resolutely resigned, only receiving the gift of the lower minister.

The Spring and Autumn Annals of Duke Huan of Lu in the 14th year of his reign (698 B.C.E.) reads, "Zheng Bo sent his brother to Qi to seek an alliance." Zheng Bo sent his brother to Qi in search of an alliance, and the matter was like that of the alliance made at Shimen in the third year of Duke Yin of Lu. In the twenty-second year of Duke Zhuang of Lu (671 B.C.), the Spring and Autumn Annals recorded that the Duke of Lu "made an alliance with Gao (亻奚) of Qi in defense," and Duke Zhuang of Lu, in his capacity as a state ruler, made an alliance with Gao (亻奚), the superior minister of Qi. Fearing that Cui Loom (who was originally favored by Duke Hui) was in power to his own detriment, he expelled Cui, and Cui Loom left for Wei. In the reign of Duke Ling of Qi (566 BC), when Qi destroyed the state of Laiguo, Gao Hou and Cui Lo worked together to "define their fields" (i.e., to define the distribution of their properties). Duke Ling of Qi favored Rong Ji and established Prince Toa, and made Gao Hou the master of Toa. In the Spring and Autumn Annals, in the seventeenth year of the reign of Duke Cheng of Lu (574 B.C.), it is written: "Qi Gao Wu Gui ran away to Ju. Zuo Zhuan (《左传》) described the reason for this: Duke Ling of Qi listened to the slanderous words of a woman and "amputated Bao Zhuan and expelled Gao Wugui. Gao Wugu was expelled, and Wugu ran to Ju. Gao weakly rebelled with Lu." This was the first protest of the Gao clan against the unknown ruler of Qi, based on Lu Yi. The marquis of Qi appointed Cui Loom as the chief minister, and made Qingke his adviser, who "commanded his division to besiege Lu". Soon after, Guozuo's division returned from abroad and also participated in the siege of Lu, and Luyi finally surrendered.

In the 27th year of the Duke of Qi's reign (555 B.C.), Gao Hou led a division to the north of the capital of the state of Lu, but later returned. In the winter of the same year, the ruler of Lu joined the divisions of twelve states and attacked Qi. Among them, Zhao Wu and Han Qi, generals of Jin, "surrounded Lu with their armies, but they could not overcome it", which showed the strength of Lu. In the following year (554 BC), Duke Ling of Qi died, and Cui Loom installed the former Crown Prince Guang as Duke Zhuang, killed Crown Prince Tooth, and killed Gao Hou, thus causing great chaos in the state of Qi. In the first year of Duke Jing of Qi (547 B.C.), Cui Loom was exterminated, Qing Feng and Qing She successively monopolized power, and the Tian Clan, together with the Bao Clan, the Gao Clan, and the Luan Clan, defeated the Qing Clan. Qi Jing Gong five years (543 BC) in September, Qi Gongsun insect, Gongsun Zao (both of them are Gao's family), "released his doctor Gao Zhi in the north of Yan", allegedly because he "good to do for their own work, and specialization". Gao Zhi was dissatisfied with this, and soon protested by "rebelling with Lu". Qi ordered Lu Qiu Ying to "surround Lu with his troops". Gao Zhu made a condition: "If I can make sure that the Gao clan has an heir, I will give you an area", i.e., he demanded to save the heir of the Gao clan and the ancestral temple, and then surrendered the city. After receiving the promise, Gao Zhu finally offered Lu Yi and fled to Jin; the Jin people built Mian Castle to accommodate Gao Zhu's family.

In the first year of the reign of Qi Ping Gongyuan (480 BC), there was another story, "Gao Wupi ran away to Northern Yan". It can be seen that a branch of the Gao family settled in Yan (probably Fanyang later) and passed on, becoming the ancestor of the Lu family that emerged later. Duke Jing of Qi was seriously ill (490 BC), ordered the State Huizi, Gao Zhaozi *** with the embrace of the Tuan for the Prince, and the expulsion of the dukes; after the death of Duke Jing, Lu Tuan, was Yan Ruzi. At this time, Gao and Guo were still in power, and Tian Bei pretended to be obedient and served Gao and Guo, but behind their backs he slandered both of them. Soon after, Tian Bei, Bao Mu, and all the great officials mobilized their arms, entered the palace, and wanted to attack Gao Zhaozi. When Zhaozi heard of this, he and Guohuizi went to the rescue of the Duke of Qi (Yan Ruzi). When they were defeated, Tian Bei pursued them, Guo Huizi fled to Ju, and Gao Zhaozi was killed. Tian Bei then installed Yangsheng, the son of Duke Jing, as Duke Mourning. Later, Tian Chang killed Duke Mourning (481 BC) and installed Duke Ping, who became the prime minister of Qi and dictated the government of Qi. In the 19th year of Duke Kang of Qi (385 B.C.), Tian He, the great-grandson of Tian Chang, became a vassal in the place of Qi, and "relocated Duke Kang to the sea, where he was given a city to worship Duke Taigong and his followers" ("Customs and Folklore of the Six Kingdoms"). After the death of Duke Kang in 379 B.C., the Tian clan became a vassal of Qi, the Lu clan stopped the worship of the gods of earth and grain, and their descendants were dispersed due to the loss of their country. At first, they moved around in the north, each with the name of their ancestors received the name of the fief, by the children and grandchildren of the Jiang Gao clan more for the Lu, and continued for generations.

Second, changing and giving surnames

Western Zhou Dynasty, the descendants of Duke Jiang Lu Shang, some people take the surname "Lu Pu", and their descendants remove the word "Pu", the surname Lu.

During the Spring and Autumn Period, one of the descendants of Duke Huan, the ruler of the State of Qi, took the surname Lu Pu and later changed it to Lu, while another one took the surname Ge Lu and later changed it to Lu.

Lu Zi State in the Spring and Autumn period, some people take "Lu" as the surname, later changed to Lu.

Beginning of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, the ancestral home of Hebei Fanyang Lei family name changed to Lu. According to "Wei and Tang Shu - Lu Zushang biography", Lu Zushang's ancestors once changed their surname to Lu.

Sui-dynasty Zhang Qiu Taiyi, very talented, highly valued by Emperor Yang (Yang Guang), was given the surname "Lu", and his descendants were also attributed to the Lu family name.

The Tang Dynasty, there are people surnamed Lu, by the special approval of the current emperor, changed his surname to Lu. Tang Gao