What are the types and scope of intangible cultural heritage?

1. According to the "Intangible Cultural Heritage Law of the People's Republic of China", intangible cultural heritage includes:

1, traditional oral literature and the language as its carrier;

2. Traditional art, calligraphy, music, dance, drama, folk arts and acrobatics;

3. Traditional skills, medicine and calendar;

4. Traditional etiquette, festivals and other folk customs;

5. Traditional sports and entertainment;

6. Other intangible cultural heritage.

2. Intangible cultural heritage:

1, refers to the various practices, performances, expressions, knowledge systems and skills and their related tools, objects, crafts and cultural places that are regarded as their cultural heritage by various groups, groups and sometimes individuals;

2. Various groups and groups continue to innovate this intangible cultural heritage passed down from generation to generation as their environment, interaction with nature, and historical conditions change, and at the same time give themselves a sense of identity and history. , thus promoting cultural diversity and stimulating human creativity;

3. For the physical objects and places that are part of the intangible cultural heritage in China and are cultural relics, the relevant provisions of the "Cultural Relics Protection Law of the People's Republic of China" shall apply.

Extended information:

Protection first, rescue first, rational utilization, inheritance and development. The working principles of intangible cultural heritage protection are: government leadership, social participation, clear responsibilities, and formation of synergy; long-term planning, step-by-step implementation, combination of points and areas, and emphasis on practical results.

With the progress and development of society, people began to give up their original way of life, and the intangibles representing national culture and spirit gradually disappeared on the edge of history. Here are some opinions on the protection of these intangible cultural heritages.

1. Raise awareness of intangible cultural heritage

Intangible cultural heritage is the common wealth of all mankind. Intangible cultural heritage is related to the inheritance of a nation's culture and spirit. Compared with tangible heritage, it is like the sand between your fingers. If you are not careful, it will be lost between your fingers. Intangible cultural heritage, as an important part of the traditional culture of the Chinese nation,

In a sense, it records the history of the Chinese nation’s survival and reproduction and embodies the spirit of the Chinese nation. Especially for those ethnic minorities that did not have their own spoken and written languages ??in history, or were founded relatively late, their histories are expressed in creation myths, recorded in folklore, and spread orally among the masses.

National traditional culture is the prerequisite for the dependence of all ethnic groups. The disappearance of traditional culture means the disintegration of a nation. The rescue, protection, inheritance and development of intangible cultural heritage are important and urgent issues faced by our nation in a period of great social transformation, because these cultures cannot be reproduced after they disappear. For more than 1 years, China has The loss of traditional culture is serious.

The most complete information about the ancient city of Loulan is not in China, but in the British Museum; the most complete Dunhuang documents are not in China, but in Japan; the earliest Hunan beach New Year paintings were discovered by collectors in Germany and Japan.

How many historical archives and national treasures have been leaked out of our country? It happened in history, but it still happens in the present day. We should have a clear understanding of this and take corresponding protective measures. We should never let so many intangible cultural heritages be lost in the hands of our generation.

2. Pay attention to the research on intangible cultural heritage

The intangible cultural heritage formed over thousands of years, during its long-term production, formation and development process, is bound to be marked with a certain era and class due to the limitations of historical conditions, economic forms, production, lifestyles and people's ideas and concepts. of imprint.

There are both gold, gravel, and jade, as well as debris and debris; they are both spiritual motivation and heavy burden. When we study it, the first thing is to distinguish between these two boundaries. Its gold, jade, jade and spiritual power must be carried forward, inherited and innovated; its residue, waste and heavy burden must be discarded and resolutely thrown away.

The research on intangible cultural heritage should adopt a multidisciplinary and comprehensive research method. For example, comparing the Neolithic painted pottery with dancing shapes unearthed from Shangsunzhuan Village in Datong County, Qinghai, to the folk paper-cut "scratching bun doll" still popular in Ansai area of ??northern Shaanxi, there are striking similarities. This proves that the traditional culture and art created by human beings in childhood still have strong vitality after thousands of years and have a profound influence on modern art.

Another example is Mr. Lin He, a scholar of the Dong minority in Hunan. He compared Qu Yuan's "Nine Songs" recorded in literary classics with the folk customs of the Yuanting area, and wrote the treatise "Nine Songs and the Folk Customs of Yuanting". The book uses many little-known folk customs materials to prove that the witch songs and dances circulated in Yuan and Xiang are the living fossils of Qu Yuan's "Nine Songs", and puts forward the conclusion that "Nine Songs" is the "Shen Song". The academic circles at home and abroad have aroused strong public outcry. Some scholars call it "a golden key to open the treasure house of Chu Ci".

3. Create a good atmosphere for protection, inheritance and development

A city has its own historical and cultural heritage, which constitutes its characteristics and style that are different from other cities. In recent years, with the launch of UNESCO's action to declare the oral and intangible heritage masterpieces of mankind, there has been a global upsurge in protecting and valuing oral and intangible heritage.

Including Chinese "Kun Opera" and "Guqin", two ancient arts that embody the characteristics of Chinese culture, 46 kinds of folk arts from around the world have been listed on the "List of Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity". However, applying for World Heritage does not mean protection. Simply applying for World Heritage is not enough. What is important is effective protection. Intangible cultural heritage cannot be protected like cultural relics. Intangible cultural heritage is not dead. We must develop intangible cultural heritage on the basis of inheritance.

References:

Baidu Encyclopedia.Intangible Cultural Heritage