China Chess Handwritten Newspaper

China Chess is a kind of chess game that originated in China. The "elephant" in chess is a person. Legend has it that he is like Shun's younger brother. He likes fighting and killing people. He invented a game to simulate war. Because he invented it, he naturally called the game "chess". When the Western Han Dynasty was established at the end of Qin Dynasty, Han Xin had great changes in chess. With the establishment of the Jianghan Dynasty in Chu, there appeared an invisible king (that is, a white-faced general) whose name was also called "chess". After continuous revision by later generations, until the Song Dynasty (Song people don't like to repeat words), the original "pawn" of red chess was changed to "soldier", the "official" of black chess was changed to "scholar", and the river boundary in the chessboard was also called "Chu Jiang Han Jie".

1. Ivory chess pieces in the former Liuqinshan Opera. Six black and six white. "Chu Ci evokes the soul": "There are six numbers in chess." Wang Yi's note: "After the banquet, set up six chopsticks, cover them with chopsticks, and use ivory as chess. It's beautiful and kind." Hong Xingzu quoted Humboldt's Jing Bo in his supplementary note: "Twelve pieces, six white pieces and six black pieces."

2. One of the ancient board games, also called Xiang. According to legend, it has existed since the Warring States period. Liu Han said to "Talking about Wanshan": "Yan plays chess and dances with Zheng women." Later, Emperor Wu of the Northern Zhou Dynasty made the Elephant Classic and collected hundreds of lectures. It is said that "Xiang Jing" has the image of the sun, the moon and the stars to contain soldiers. Sui Shu Jing Ji Zhi The militarist recorded a volume of Xiang Jing, which was written by Emperor Wu of Zhou, but this book has not been circulated. The Ancient Chess Map written by Sima Guang in Song Dynasty is different from today's chess.

It is said that the chess that is popular today was made by Niu Sengru in Tang Dynasty. Carve logs or teeth and bones into 32 pieces, half red and half black. Two people play chess, the red side is responsible for the official, opponent, gun, cannon and five soldiers; The black side will take two generals, two elephants, two chariots, two horses, two cannons and five soldiers. When playing chess, both sides take turns to play popular chess, and the "dying" or "sleepy" opponent will win. The arrangement of chess pieces was influenced by the battle forms of ancient two armies. By the Zhou dynasty, the basic establishment of the army was composed of five infantry, and the combat weapons were also bows, spears, spears and halberds. This is why there are five pieces on each side of the chess team.

The origin of chess is a very complicated and difficult problem, because chess has gone through many evolutionary processes before it is finalized. Chess was once called "Chess". According to the unearthed cultural relics and documents, Chatulanka developed into Chastellain Zi in Khosrau I Anushirvan, Persia, and was introduced to China as an elephant play in the Northern Zhou Dynasty through the Silk Road. It became Baoying chess in the Tang Dynasty and was finally transformed into China chess by China people in the Song Dynasty. Some Soviet scholars published articles, trying to refute the Indian origin theory. 1972 Yugoslav historian bijiv's monograph "chess-a symbol of the universe" draws the conclusion that chess first appeared in China in 569 AD, and then gradually spread. But it was later proved that Bijifu was wrong, because the earliest board game Chatulanka was recorded and unearthed in Indian literature three centuries ago. Yan Shu's Lei Yao records that chess was introduced to China in the early years of Wei and Huang Dynasties in the Three Kingdoms. The shape of chess is constantly changing. The origin of India is still the main theory in the world. Chess has a long history in China. In ancient times, the Book of Changes was originally a classic image, or as a gossip under the Book of Changes, but it has been handed down. However, in the Book of Changes in the Qing Dynasty, we can still see the track of its inheritance. During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Emperor Wu of the Northern Zhou Dynasty compiled Xiang Jing, and Yu Xin, a writer, wrote Qi Jing Fu and Jin Guan Qi Jing Fu. It shows that chess has had a universal influence in all walks of life. ? [6]?

The word "Xiang" first appeared in Tianhe, the Emperor of the Northern Zhou Dynasty. According to Zhou Shu's Biography, "Tianhe was ugly in May of the fourth year, and it was spread by hundreds of people after the completion of Xiang Jing." This is a great event in the Northern Zhou Dynasty, which is really lively. Many scholars believe that according to reliable records in ancient books, chess was popular in the Warring States period. Han and Liu not only quoted the book of seclusion, but also recorded the story of playing chess in the Warring States period: "The first step of a swallow is to play chess, which is also a matter of using troops." There is also a saying in the evocation works of Chu ci in the warring States period that "the chess is thin and six points." All these show that "chess" has become a routine activity during the Warring States period. Therefore, some scholars believe that chess came into being before the Warring States Period. But when? Some people think that it can be pushed back to the Spring and Autumn Period, and chess was produced by imitating the military system at that time. Their basis is that the "image" in chess means "symbol" and has nothing to do with animal images. For example, dancing symbolizes fighting, so it is called "elephant dance", and playing chess symbolizes fighting, so it is called "chess". The names of chess players also come from symbols of different arms. This situation coincides with the military system in the Spring and Autumn Period, that is, the arrow is on the string, handsome, car, horse, scholar, soldier and pawn. Therefore, the emergence of chess in the Spring and Autumn Period was in line with the historical situation at that time. However, some scholars disagree with this statement and think that this is still an inference after all. ? [6]?