What is the development process of infancy?

Baba, also known as Sad Baba, Ba Guan, Touguan and Guanguan, is a reed musical instrument invented and created by working people in Kuche County, Xinjiang, and its name comes from the transliteration of ancient Qiuci language. Yun's early literary works can be found in Wrestling Written by He Chengtian in the Southern Dynasties:

A musical instrument is also called a chestnut.

Bazin, like Hu Jia and Jiao Di, experienced the development process from sheep bone, horn, horn, bird bone to bamboo. Baba blows vertically, with a spring, and sucks the finger hole of the flute. In appearance, Baba is similar to Baba, so people call it Baba tube.

Bababa has three kinds: big Baba and small Baba, and its voice is deep and sad, so it is called sad. At first, it was made of horns and sheep bones, and later it was made of bamboo, reed, wood, poplar bark, peach skin, willow skin, ivory, iron and silver. Bamboo chopsticks are very common and easy to make.

During the Han and Wei Dynasties, the swaddling clothes were introduced to the mainland from Kucha, a western region, and prevailed in the Central Plains in the Tang Dynasty. It became the main instrument of ten court music in Tang Dynasty. Among the Hu music feasted in Sui and Tang Dynasties, Qiuci music was the main music, in addition to Tianzhu music, Shule music, Anguo music and cymbals in Gaochang music.

During this period, the imperial court attached importance to music and dance, and the influence of music and dance in the western regions on the Central Plains reached its peak. Many composers, performers, singers and dancers who came to the Central Plains from the Western Regions were Yu Kun. Among them, Wei Chiqing and Wei are the representatives of Yun.

Wei Chiqing lived in Chang 'an Changle Square in Tang Daizong and was a general in Tang Dezong. Wei Chiqing comes from the western regions, and his level of playing western musical instruments is naturally very high. At that time, people called him the first in ancient and modern times.

Wei Chi-zhang is a junior of Wei Chi-qing, who knows the melody and plays blowing sheng well. At that time, many famous infant performers appeared, such as An Wanshan, Wei Chiqing, Dong, Jing Na, Zhang Yehu, Wang Mannu and Xue Yangtao. Many of them come from the east of the Silk Road.

At that time, there was a swaddling master named Wang Manu in Youzhou. This man is so arrogant that most people don't ask him to play cymbals. Once, an official from Youzhou was transferred to Beijing, and his friend saw him off. He sent someone to invite Wang Manu to play, but Wang Manu refused. Go and ask his emissary to joke and say, "Compared with Chang 'an Chiqing's playing as a baby, you are far from it! "

Wang Manu was very dissatisfied with this. He rented a guest room near Wei Chiqing's residence in Chang 'an and lived there, playing cymbals from morning till night to show his skill.

Every time Wei Chiqing passed by his door, he didn't seem to hear him, so he waited for several days. Wang Manu had no choice but to ask for an audience. After the ceremony, Wang Manu played a piece of western music, and he was sweating like a pig.

After Wang Manu finished playing, Wei Chiqing picked up the cymbals and played the same tune, which was relaxed and rich, with different phonology. Wang Manu was completely convinced and asked for advice. Due to the promotion of famous artists such as Wei Chiqing and Wang Mannu, the swaddling of western musical instruments is widely popular in Chang 'an and even the Central Plains.

It is said that Li Longji, the emperor of the Tang Dynasty, has always been an advocate of Hu Dance and Le Hu. He once asked Ren Hu Band to play Le Hu in the palace for three days and three nights, and he was fascinated by it, including touching instruments.

During the Kaiyuan period, An Wanshan, a minority musician in Anguo, a western region, liked playing cymbals very much and was very influential in Beijing. On New Year's Eve, five or six people, including the famous poet Li Hao, got together to drink, and An Wanshan played drums for them. The melodious music of percussion instruments fascinates everyone. Soon, the poet Li Qi became interested in poetry, and he immediately wrote a poem "Listening to An Wanshan Playing the Piano", which wrote:

The bamboo in Nanshan is an infant, and its music was first introduced from Persia. It spread to the Han Dynasty and became a novel, and Aw Hoe in Liangzhou was played by me. Neighbors sigh a lot, and wanderers have tears of homesickness in their eyes ... Many people like to listen; But few people understand, because of the morning breeze. It's like the rustling of old cypress trees and the chirping of nine young phoenixes. It's like a dragon singing and a tiger roaring and generate at the same time, and it's like the autumn sound of spring in autumn. Is suddenly replaced by Yu Yang's lament, Huang Yun's flute is dark during the day. The next change is as lively and cheerful as Yang Liuzhi, as if I saw the flowers in the garden among the flowers. On New Year's Eve, Hall A on the ceiling, a glass of wine, a glass of wine.

According to the theme of this poem, bamboo was cut in Nanshan to make a hairpin. This instrument was first introduced to the mainland from Kikucha, Xinjiang, and the music became more beautiful after that. The poet Li Hao praised An Wanshan for playing the cymbals incisively and vividly, which made people shudder for a while. For a while, like Huang Yun, there was no light during the day, which was very tragic; Later, the music changed again, making people feel full of spring again, like a hundred flowers blooming and dazzling.

On the New Year's Eve, above the high hall, the lights are brilliant. People appreciate his superb skills, and the wine is more fragrant and beaming! Listening to An Wanshan playing the bangzi reflects the historical facts of cultural exchanges between the brotherly nationalities and the Han nationality in the Tang Dynasty. There are three kinds of pipes: large, medium and small, and double pipes and key control pipes. The big tube is four degrees lower than the small tube and has a high timbre. In the north wind music of the Tang Dynasty, it was often used as an introduction. By the Tang Dynasty, the manufacturing and playing techniques of cymbals had made great progress. After the reform,

Its range is extended to two 8-degree 66 tones, and the keyboard tube can also play 12 semitones, which plays a greater role in ensemble and solo.

The tenor, bassoon and harpsichord were commonly used by bands in the Tang Dynasty. The so-called double pipe is that two pipes are tied together side by side to play, with two reed flutes in their mouths, and both hands press the sound holes of the two pipes at the same time to make a double tone, which is used for ensemble and solo of national bands.

In the Tang Dynasty, the sound of the Baba tube was loud and expressive. It is recorded in the history book "Biography of Korea" that music belongs to five strings, and the piano, Zheng, cymbal, cross wind, flute and drum are played in harmony.

Also, Duan Anjie, a scholar in the Tang Dynasty, recorded in Yuefu Miscellanies that the infant is Qiuci national music. Also called sad and fat, similar to eggplant.

Also, there was a child named Xue Yangtao in the middle Tang Dynasty, who was very good at playing the violin and was appreciated by the great poet Bai Juyi. Once held a banquet in Chang 'an to entertain musicians in the teaching workshop and artists in Beijing. Hundreds of guests were well dressed, singing and laughing.

When Xue Yangtao played the cymbals, people suddenly cheered and applauded. I didn't expect a boy of 12 to be so skilled. Since then, Xue Yangtao's name has become famous all over the world. The poet Bai Juyi wrote a poem entitled "Children Xue Yangtao Blowing Qin Ge", which wrote:

Under the guidance of the teacher, teach the voice, including the weather in the chewing room. Runzhou city is full of frost and bright moon, and the frost and moon are about to sing. Why are the mountains and rivers quiet?