The difference between strict and strict.

Ten Differences between Yan and Yan in Night Zhao Guang

In ancient China more than 7000 years ago, there was a wind instrument made of clay. After years of improvement, the musical instrument has changed from the initial stone ball shape to a variety of appearances, from the initial single-tone hole to the back six-tone hole. This instrument is called "Fu". It can be found from various historical records that Yun became one of the important members of court musical instruments as early as the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Yan is a brilliant star in the history of China national musical instruments.

It is said that and Yan have great similarities in material, appearance, sound quality and even craftsmanship. According to foreign historical records, the origin of Tao Di can only be traced back to the 6th century at most. Before that, there was no research. Therefore, it is no exaggeration for many people to say that the Yi people in ancient China were "ancestors"!

Tao Di's name is translated from English. It comes from Italy and was named "Tao Di" by a baker, which means goose. Of course, it is undeniable that Tao Di has made great progress and development in Italy, and many Tao Di with more than ten holes were born in Italy. At the same time, the first factory to make Tao Di was also in Italy. So many people say that the history of Italian wind instrument Tao Di is also based on this.

But in many domestic magazines or articles, we can always hear that the pitch angle of Tao Di's mouthpiece can affect the pitch of Tao Di, and even play a key role. Even some people directly affect the pitch angle of Tao Di's mouthpiece. In fact, these are very unscientific, because Tao Di is not a fan, and familiar friends must know that although the timbre is the same as that of Tao Di, it is very different or even completely unrelated!

As a whistling instrument, the player is required to have extremely high demands on the breath, especially the timbre (angle control), followed by the strength of the mouth, and then whether the hole pressing is correct and whether the opening and closing are tight or not, which will obviously affect the pronunciation. Of course, from the internal structure, there are also single-chamber and double-chamber points. After a long period of development, Hu has obviously become the most representative musical instrument in China. Almost all Hugh are related to sadness and sadness. Some Hugh can play sadness with their unique timbre, which is beyond the reach of other instruments I have heard. Traditional literati are full of temperament and emotional troubles. Yan's unique timbre may just reflect the temperament of traditional literati, so it is loved by many traditional literati, but despised by ordinary people, especially those who like to be lively and festive. Just for some people who love it. According to textual research, apart from some solos, Yan is mostly used in some folk music, or appears as a unique supporting role in some famous classical songs.

Tao Di is a different musical instrument, and the name of Tao Di was spread from Taiwan Province province to the mainland. In fact, Tao Di's name is scientifically divided, which is not scientific at all! In Taiwan Province Province, flute and other wind instruments are collectively called "flute", such as "flute". In China, the division of musical instruments is particularly rigorous and scientific, and flute and flute are not a concept at all. Therefore, in the past two years, Tao Di's name has been questioned in the mainland. Of course, Tao Di has his own name, which is called "Tao Di".

First of all, an in-depth analysis of Tao Di's pronunciation and production principle:

Tao Di is a musical instrument made of clay. The air blown through the airway and its performance generate different pressures through the airway, and then sound is generated through the manipulation of finger pressing holes. In this link, airway is in the core position, and airway is also the key factor affecting pronunciation and intonation. If the airway is not well done, it will not help the player to control and adjust the pitch.

Three key points: airway and breathing and whether the hole is tight.

The second influence: mouth pitch

Although Tao Di is mainly influenced by airway and breathing, the pitch of the mouth (different angles) will also have a little influence on Tao Di's intonation. Remember, this is a little influence, that's all.

The difference between strictness and harmony:

1. Tao Di has an airway, which was determined before production. It is easy to blow when it is about to play normally, and it is easier to control than it is actually. The traditional urn (closed urn is out of the scope of discussion) is an open musical instrument, and the blowing hole is blown into the urn cavity through the lip sound device.

2. Production technology: Tao Di general injection molding technology, mass production. Most of them are kneaded by hand, which has higher requirements for producers. Only tourism products or popular products will be mass-produced.

3. The way of playing is different: Tao Di can play directly with his mouth wrapped, and the wind is controlled by his mouth. The mouth plays at a 45-degree angle with the wind, which is quite different from that of Tao Di. Obviously, the difficulty of blowing is much higher than that of Tao Di. Even some beginners want to learn to play the wind for a year or so.

4. Different places of origin. Tao Di originated in Italy, and the whistle toy invented by the baker Dunati was later improved and developed into its present shape. China has had clouds since ancient times. It is a folk musical instrument that witnessed the ancient civilization of China. Its wide audience and great influence have affected the development of earth musical instruments all over the world. Even earth instruments all over the world can find the shadow of China Cloud.

5. Different nozzle designs. The design of Tao Di mouthpiece is very similar to that of a mouthful, so you can wrap it and blow it. Cui Shi's bullet therapy belongs to external or internal oblique cutting therapy. It is controlled by the lip damper to blow into the blowing cavity, causing the vibration and pronunciation of the cavity. Careful observation shows that Cui's mouthpiece provides many scientific methods for professionals to deal with "semitone". By adjusting the pitch angle, like a flute, you can easily blow out all kinds of changing sounds needed by the score, which has obvious advantages in rising and falling tones. Tao Di's shortcoming is that he blows his mouth in a semitone or changes his tone. Although a variety of Tao Di have been developed, but the fingering has not been unified, and various manufacturers are scrambling to launch their own brands to re-manage Tao Di, so re-managing Tao Di's fingering is also a "hundred schools of thought contend" in the world, which actually hinders the development of Tao Di fans in the world.

6. Historical time is different. According to known records, our history is far less than Tuo's. According to foreign literature, the history of Tao Di is about 3000 years. Every family in northern Italian towns will make Tao Di, forming an industrial town with Tao Di as its characteristic. It has a long history. In primitive society, it was used to trap prey, and the early prototype was stone hunting. Some stones have naturally occurring holes. When ancestors attacked their prey with this stone, the cavity in the stone would whistle due to the action of airflow. It is no exaggeration to say that the cloud is a musical instrument that witnesses the development of human civilization in the world, and all clay musical instruments in the world will be influenced by it to some extent. More specific information can be found in the records of the encyclopedia.

7. Different materials. The production materials in Tao Di are generally dolomite, laterite and black pottery. At present, there are Tao Di made of wood, synthetic materials and resin. The materials commonly used in early urns are natural materials such as soil, bone and fruit shell, but there are also poultry limb bones. In modern pottery urns, natural materials such as fruit shells are mostly made of ceramics, and now they are mostly made of ceramics, so there is a saying that they are made of clay and clay. Generally, it is pottery, followed by stone, with fewer bones, and now new categories have been added, such as wood, bamboo and mixed soil.

Tao Wei? (Low temperature pottery, medium temperature pottery, high temperature pottery)

(1) Low-temperature pottery: The common black pottery in Xi 'an is generally low-temperature pottery, which has good water absorption, avoids bumping and cannot be washed.

(2) Medium-temperature pottery urns: Red pottery urns are generally medium-temperature pottery with moderate hardness and good water absorption, and the pronunciation is stable when played for a long time at low temperature.

(3) High temperature ceramics: high hardness and washability. The disadvantage is that it does not absorb water at all, and it will accumulate water in low-temperature concerts, which will easily affect pronunciation.

2. Semi-porcelain glaze: that is, porcelain that is not completely fired. Generally, the surface is glazed for easy cleaning. It has the characteristics of medium temperature pottery, moderate hardness, washable, good water absorption, no water accumulation after playing for a long time at low temperature, and stable pronunciation.

3, enamel: high temperature firing, similar to high temperature pottery, generally glazed surface. It doesn't absorb water at all, and the concert will accumulate water at low temperature, which will easily affect pronunciation.

4. Raft: light in weight and not easy to break. Does not absorb water.

5, bamboo raft: bamboo raft, bamboo raft. Not easy to break, not absorbent.

6. Others: resin, resin mixed clay, plastic, etc.

7. Differences in appearance. Tao Di is mostly in the shape of a gun or a "submarine", and these two shapes are also very popular all over the world. Pots have various shapes, such as "gourd pot" (improved patent by teacher Liu Kuanren), "barrel pot" and "fish belly pot".

8. Carving and processing technology with different appearances. At first, Tao Di could play and use directly after burning dry wood, which was called pure natural or smoked Tao Di. Later, with the improvement of production and appearance technology, artistic treatments such as glass were carried out one after another, such as the application of crack and fission technology, which not only greatly improved the appearance of Tao Di, but also changed its shape, such as Tao Di in the shape of Coca-Cola, pineapple, Tao Di in the shape of Totoro, Tao Di in the shape of bowl and other dazzling Tao Di.

However, in China's traditional sculpture art, the image of Kui always appears. For example, Kui's appearance is decorated with ancient poems, ancient Chinese characters, Oracle Bone Inscriptions, national totems (dragons) or China's freehand paintings, such as bamboo and plum, which are often added to Kui's appearance as decorations, making it exude the elegance of ancient China from top to bottom. It is the most representative pottery of China's 5,000-year civilization. Compared with, the external decoration of the cloud is simple and elegant, restrained and subtle, without losing the beauty of massiness, which embodies the king's demeanor of the cloud and the elegance and nobility of the emperor's face, but at the same time reveals the characteristics of the cloud being close to the people. Due to high technical requirements, Yun was once shelved among the people.

9. Play in different ways. Tao Di plays light music in Japan, purifying the soul, soothing the mood and deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, with Zong Cilang as the representative; In Italy, Tao Di Ensembles with different modes and heights play world-famous songs, such as GOB Tao Di Orchestra; European and American countries often play jazz instruments or black music; Taiwan Province Province, the campus folk songs make people relax for a while and enjoy happy notes. You Xuezhi, a representative figure, was endowed with more styles in Tao Di, China, and made a historic breakthrough and development at an amazing speed! For example, Zhou Zilei, a master in Tao Di, China, and Ye Lin, a performer in Tao Di, Fujian, etc. A large number of professionals moved to Tao Di for development and promotion, which laid the foundation for the development of Tao Di in China, while Tao Di showed great globalization. But most of them are solos, and solos can best reflect the deep, ethereal and distant timbre. Yan's timbre is deep, sad, mournful and endless, and its sound is turbid, mournful and faint, which has a unique musical quality. Perhaps it is this special timbre that gave Lu and Lu a sacred, elegant, mysterious and noble spiritual temperament in their long-term artistic feelings and comparisons. The expression of "Cloud" and "Cloud" reflects the position and function of China traditional Confucian ethical culture in the historical development of China. In a sense, it is not an instrument that is usually used to play, but an instrument of meditation and nostalgia.

10 plays differently. In foreign countries, intonation is the most commonly used technique in Tao Di, followed by sliding tone, and others are rarely used. As for Tao Di's techniques of flower house, playing and overlapping sound, they are all based on the common playing techniques of China bamboo flute, cymbals and other musical instruments. The playing skills of the comparator are particularly rich, such as vibrato, playing, overlapping, vibrating, sliding, greenhouse and so on.