Do you know anything about management by objectives?

In 1954, Peter F.Drucker, an American management master, put forward the concept of "management by objectives" for the first time in his masterpiece "Management Practice".

Management by objectives is a modern management science, which is goal-oriented, people-centered and result-oriented, so that organizations and individuals can achieve the best performance. Management by objectives is also called "results management", commonly known as responsibility system. It refers to a management method that determines work objectives from top to bottom with the active participation of individual employees, and implements "self-control" in the work to ensure that the objectives are achieved from bottom to top.

The guiding ideology of management by objectives is based on Y theory, that is, people can be responsible for themselves if their goals are clear. The concrete method is the further development of Taylor's scientific management Compared with traditional management methods, it has distinct characteristics, which can be summarized as follows:

L, pay attention to human factors

Management by objectives is a participatory, democratic and self-controlled management system, and it is also a management system that combines individual needs with organizational goals. Under this system, the relationship between superiors and subordinates is equality, respect, dependence and support, and subordinates are conscious, independent and autonomous after committing themselves to their own goals and being authorized.

2. Establish target chain and target system.

Management by objectives decomposes the overall objectives of the organization step by step through a specially designed process and transforms them into sub-objectives of each unit and employee. From organizational goals to business unit goals, to departmental goals, and finally to personal goals. In the process of goal decomposition, power, responsibility and benefit are clearly symmetrical. These goals are in the same direction, interlocking and cooperating with each other, forming a coordinated and unified target system. Only when everyone completes his own sub-goals can the overall goal of the whole enterprise be completed.

3. Focus on results

Management by objectives begins with the formulation of objectives and ends with the assessment of the completion of objectives. Work performance is the standard to evaluate the degree of target completion, the basis for personnel assessment and award, and the only sign to evaluate management performance. As for the specific process, ways and methods to achieve the goal, the superior does not interfere too much. Therefore, under the target management system, there are few elements of supervision, but the ability to control the realization of goals is very strong.