What are the ancient astronomical works of astronomy?

# Ability Training # Introduction The brilliant ancient astronomy in China gave birth to a wealth of astronomical classics. Ancient astronomers wrote many chapters with their knowledge-rich pen and ink, leaving us a very precious astronomical legacy. Now let's go to KaoNet to see ancient astronomical works!

Three calendars

Liu Xin (? -23) It is generally considered to be based on the calendar written by Deng Ping, Luo and others in the first year of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (BC 104). This is the earliest complete calendar in existence, and the basic contents of later calendars are generally available at this time. There are seven sections in the three calendars: unified mother, Ji mother and Ji mother. The basic constants and calculation methods of the walking star, including rendezvous period, operation dynamics, infection law, planetary position prediction, etc. The calculation method of star age is discussed. World classics talk about archaeological chronology. The three calendars also clearly stipulate that the neutral month is the leap, and a "Shangyuan" is chosen as the starting point of the calendar. These contents of these three calendars have a great influence on the calendars of later generations. Some are still in use today. Qian Daxin (1728- 1804), Li Rui (1773- 18 17) and Dong Youcheng (1791-

Dry calendar

Liu Hong (about135-210) was written in the 11th year of Jian 'an (AD 206). It has made new progress in the study of lunar movement, and put forward the movement of the perigee (perigee) of the moon for the first time, so as to calculate the length of perigee month, and compile the monthly departure table every day in perigee month, and put forward for the first time that the yellow-white intersection angle is six degrees (also

yellow

Liu Zhuo (544-6 10) was written in the fourth year of Emperor Wendi's Renshou (AD 604) and was not published. Considering the non-uniformity of the apparent motion of the sun and the moon, Huang calculated the three times when the sun and the moon met, and established an equidistant quadratic difference interpolation method. 1. In order to obtain the crescent correction value at any time, the calculation formula of quadratic difference interpolation method in any interval is established.

Dayanli

In the fifteenth year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (AD 727), it was written by monks and their entourage (AD 683-727), and later edited by (AD 667-730) and Chen. It was promulgated in the 17th year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (AD 729) and used in the 10th year of Tianbao (AD 75 1 year). In the 21st year of Kaiyuan (AD 733), it was introduced to Japan. Talk about the specific calculation method. There are also 12 calendars (including three abbreviated examples) to talk about the theoretical problems of calendars, which is a paper written by Dayan calendar, commonly known as Dayan calendar. The establishment of Dayan calendar starts with the manufacture of instruments, and it is a scientific method to determine the basic astronomical data through actual observation. After the establishment of the Dayan calendar, the uneven movement of the sun and the moon was discovered.

Service calendar

It was written by Guo Shoujing (1231-1316) in the 17th year of Yuan Shizu Zhiyuan, and published the following year. The almanac of the Ming dynasty followed its method, which was used for more than 360 years before and after, and was the longest in the ancient calendar. Later, the introduction of western astronomical knowledge affected the compilation of calendars. The first and second chapters of History of the Yuan Dynasty were re-edited by Guo Shoujing on the basis of Wang Xun's first draft (1225- 128 1). Although the service chronicle was published at that time, the tables and stepping algorithms of various data have not been finalized. In the 18th year of Yuan Dynasty (A.D. 128 1), Wang Xun died unfortunately and was presided over by Guo Shoujing alone. He is "drawing inferences from others, neatly divided into two volumes." The chronograph calendar has seven parts, and its content is similar to that of Dayan calendar. It is very important in the history of astronomy and mathematics to calculate the five-star positions of the sun and the moon by equidistant cubic difference interpolation, and to calculate the right ascension and the right declination according to the sun's yellow meridian by sagittal cyclotomic method and similar spherical triangle method. At present, many Chinese and foreign scholars are studying the service calendar.

Chongzhen almanac

At the end of the Ming Dynasty, Xu Guangqi (1562- 1633) was the editor-in-chief, and Li Tianjing (1579- 1659) continued from the second year of Chongzhen to the seventh year (1629 to/kloc-0). Astronomical instruments, movements and eclipses of the sun, moon and five planets, all-sky star map, conversion of Chinese and western units, etc. * * * Forty-six species, volume 137, adopt Tycho's solar system structure system (1546- 160 1), and translate Copernicus (1473-0) in calculation method. There are also materials in Kepler's book on the movement of Mars (1571-1630). China's traditional algebraic method was not used in calendar calculation, which was an important turning point in the astronomical history of China. China's ancient astronomical system began to transform into modern astronomy.

The folk almanac in the late Ming Dynasty was not compiled according to the Chongzhen almanac. The almanac compiled in the Qing Dynasty according to the almanac of Chongzhen and the almanac of Shixian was used until the end of the Qing Dynasty. Among the Sikuquanshu, there is the book of New Calculations in the West by the missionary Tang Ruowang 100 (159 1- 10).