Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Traditional culture - The characteristics of the Gelao nationality are as follows. Thank you.

The characteristics of the Gelao nationality are as follows. Thank you.

With the development of social history, great changes have taken place in the costumes of the Gelao nationality. From the Tang and Song Dynasties to the early Ming and Qing Dynasties, the prominent feature of Gelao costumes was that both men and women wore "tube skirts". In the Tang and Song Dynasties, the tube skirt was also called "through skirt", which was made of two pieces of horizontal cloth "through the head", while the others were made of 1 piece of cloth. This kind of clothes has no pleats, but a sandwich. The front and back straight welts are slightly wider, and the welts are inlaid with patterns. Generally, the "tube skirt" worn by men is relatively short, while the "tube skirt" worn by women is relatively long and has many colors. At the same time, Gelao women still wear long skirts to cover their robes, which are usually cut with several feet of green cloth, and then under the head cage, the front is short and the back is long, sleeveless and wrinkle-free. By the Qing Dynasty and the early years of the Republic of China, it was very rare for Gelao men to wear "tube skirts". Most of them wear collarless double-breasted and diagonal-breasted robes, which are knee-length, with big sleeves and short sleeves, and are often tied around their waists. At work, they pull up their clothes and tie them around their waists. The Gelao people in Wuchuan, Guizhou Province have a collection of men's shirts, which are made of blue satin. The collar and hem are inlaid with lace about 1 inch wide, and the ankles and cuffs are inlaid with lace, with 12 buttons. Women's wear is generally short coat, long skirt, robe and hook-pointed shoes. Women's shirts are generally waist-length, with lapels and lace patterns embroidered on the back of sleeves. At that time, the coats of Gelao women in Wuchuan Autonomous County, Guizhou Province were divided into "large inlay", "small inlay" and "casual clothes". Mostly white or emerald green. The sleeves of "Daenchuan" are big and short, and the outer shoulders are made of other colors. The front edge and ankle are inlaid with lace about 3 inches wide, which is called "inlaid teeth" or "the son of heaven". The neckline and cuffs are rolled with two or three overlapping edges, which is called "large inlay roll", hence the name "large inlay roll", with copper buttons or bead buttons. "Small inlay" is similar to "large inlay" except that the lace is narrow, about 1 inch. Both "large inlay" and "small inlay" are dresses, which are often worn on solemn occasions. "Casual clothes" refers to buttons that are stitched with a circle of "flower thread" or "foot thread" around the front hem without inlay and piping. In Pingba county, Gelao women wear robes, sleeveless short robes, flowers at the back, skirts and shorts. Gelao women in Zunyi wear long sleeves with lace on the collar, shoulders and sleeves. Since modern times, the costumes of the Gelao nationality have become more and more similar or identical to those of the local Han nationality or other ethnic groups. In the 1940s, the Gelao people, who only lived in Yangwan, Malipo, Yunnan Province, still maintained the tradition of women wearing tubular skirts. Nowadays, the traditional costumes of the Gelao nationality are only worn by a few elderly people in the Gelao nationality area. Complete traditional costumes of the Gelao people, especially dresses and robes, are rare. As early as the Tang and Song Dynasties, most Gelao men and women wore vertebral buns and tied them tightly with red cloth. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the hair styles of the Gelao nationality changed, with different branches and styles. Both men and women of Gelao nationality in Dai Ya have their hair cut short, only one inch long, so it is also called "haircut Gelao nationality". Most of the Gelao people of other branches braid their hair, tie it in a bun, or put it on their forehead or put it on their heads without leaving a beard. Women often leave their hair on their heads or tie it in a bun. After the Republic of China, the hair styles of Gelao men were similar to those of Han nationality, but women still had the habit of bun. The hair comb of the Gelao nationality in Zunyi, Guizhou Province, is saddle-shaped, the double bun is hung on the hairline, and the flowers are inserted on the bun with silver thread and foreign thread. Married women of Gelao nationality in Wuchuan, Guizhou, tied a bun with a net, commonly known as Mao Anzu, and inserted "before grasping", "after grasping", "crossing the bridge" and "horizontal hairpin" on it. The bride wears a hairpin made of cloth or silver on her head, which is called a "headband". Unmarried girls braid their hair alone, which is called "braiding" and drag it behind their heads with colored hair bands. In the aspect of wearing ornaments, early Gelao men mostly used snail shells, butch, ape hair, dog skin and sheepskin as decorations, while women generally used 3-inch thin bamboo slips to wear in their ears as decorations. Women in rich families wear jewelry earlobes. In the future, most Gelao women like to wear silver earrings and silver chains around their necks. Today, it is still the preference of many Gelao women, especially the white handkerchief. Gelao women in Wuchuan, Guizhou like to tie embroidery around their waist, go to the market and hold embroidered handkerchiefs one foot square. Nowadays, in the Gelao area, rings, earrings, necklaces and other accessories are generally loved by the majority of Gelao women.