Examination questions of traditional houses in West Asia

West Asia has a tropical desert climate and an arid desert. Its house is characterized by thick walls and small doors and windows, which can reduce the influence of sunlight and hot air and prevent sandstorms from entering.

The topography of West Asia is mainly plateau, and the Mesopotamian plain in the middle has fertile soil, convenient irrigation and developed agriculture. The Iranian plateau in the east of West Asia, the Armenian volcanic plateau in the west and the Anatolian plateau in Asia Minor Peninsula are all inland plateaus surrounded by folded mountains formed during the Alpine-Himalayan movement, and many tall mountain systems are distributed on their edges.

In geological history, there have been many volcanic activities in the West Asia Plateau, forming a large area of lava platform. There are many volcanoes, and influenced by neotectonic movement, modern volcanoes and earthquakes are also quite frequent. The external force landform is mainly drought and sandstorm landform, and the desert is widely distributed.

Crossing the Tropic of Cancer

The Tropic of Cancer runs through the central part of this area, and most areas are controlled by subtropical high and dry northeast trade winds. At the same time, the southwest of the region is adjacent to arid North Africa, and the plateau edge is surrounded by tall mountains, with a dry climate, mostly tropical and subtropical desert climate. Less precipitation and strong evaporation.

The annual precipitation is mostly below 250 mm, and the area with more precipitation generally does not exceed 500 mm, and the mountainous areas and Mediterranean coastal areas are rich in precipitation. The east coast of the Mediterranean belongs to the Mediterranean climate, with rainy winters and dry summers.

Arabian Peninsula is a world-famous arid climate zone with little precipitation. Limited by precipitation and topography, the inland river basin and no-flow area in this area are vast, with poor surface runoff and sparse river network. Except the Euphrates and Tigris rivers, most of them are short rivers, most of which originate from the mountainous areas on the edge of the plateau and are replenished by glacial snowmelt water. The amount of river water is small, and the seasonal changes are significant.