People are divided into "three selves", which three selves are they (psychology)

The three "I" in psychology are ID, ego and superego

In the theory of psychological dynamics, ID, ego and superego are put forward by psychoanalyst Freud's structural theory, which is the three major parts of spirit. In 1923, Freud put forward related concepts to explain the formation and relationship between consciousness and subconscious. "Id" (completely subconscious) represents desire and is suppressed by consciousness; The "ego" (mostly conscious) is responsible for dealing with the real world; "Superego" (partially conscious) is conscience or internal moral judgment.

id

id (English: id) is a thought in subconscious form, and (Latin word is "it" and the original German word is "Es") represents the original procedure of thought-the most primitive desire of human beings to satisfy instinctive impulses, such as hunger, anger, sexual desire, etc. This word was created by Freud based on the works of Georg Groddeck.

the id is innate and the basis of personality structure, and the ego and superego will develop on the basis of the id in the future. I only follow one principle-the pleasure principle, which means to pursue the biological needs of individuals, such as the satiety of food and the satisfaction of sexual desire, and to avoid pain. Freud believed that the maximum influence of the hedonic principle was in the infant period, and it was also the most prominent time when the id thought was expressed.

ego

The concept of ego in psychology is a key concept constructed by many psychological schools. Although the usage of each school is different, it generally refers to the conscious part of the individual.

ego is a psychological component of personality. Here, the principle of reality temporarily suspended the principle of happiness. Thus, the individual learns to distinguish between the thoughts in the mind and the thoughts surrounding the external world of the individual. The ego regulates itself and its environment. Freud believed that ego is the executor of personality.

another confusing concept is self, which includes unconsciousness. The research on self in psychology is very complicated in methodology and often involves metaphysics in philosophy.

superego

super-ego is the controller in the personality structure, which is governed by the principle of perfection and belongs to the moral part of the personality structure. In Freud's theory, superego is the symbolic internalization of the image of father and cultural norms. Because of the conflict with the object, superego tends to stand in the opposition position of the original desire of "ID" and is aggressive towards "self". The superego operates in the form of moral heart, maintaining individual moral sense and avoiding taboos. The formation of superego occurred during the disintegration of Oedipus complex, which is an internalized identification with the father's image. Because the little boy can't successfully maintain his mother as the object of his love, he may have a castration complex for his father's castration revenge or punishment, and then turn to identify with his father.

interrelation

id, ego and superego constitute a person's complete personality. All psychological activities of human beings can be reasonably explained from the relationship between them. Ego is permanent, while superego and id are almost permanently opposed. In order to coordinate the contradiction between id and superego, ego needs to be adjusted. If an individual suffers from excessive pressure from the ID, superego and the outside world and is anxious, the ego will help start the defense mechanism. Defense mechanisms include: repression, denial, regression, offset, projection, sublimation and so on.