What are the logistics and distribution modes in China's e-commerce environment, and what are their representative enterprises? Thank you.

China's e-commerce logistics and distribution model

Because of the late start of China's logistics industry, China's logistics and distribution model is relatively backward, there are mainly the following modes.

1, enterprise (group) self-managed distribution mode

This is the current domestic production, distribution or integrated enterprise (group) is widely used in a logistics model. Enterprises (groups) through the independent formation of logistics centers, the realization of the internal departments, fields, stores, the supply of goods. This logistics model combines the traditional "self-sufficiency" of the "small farmer consciousness", forming a new type of "big and comprehensive", "small and comprehensive", resulting in a new "big and comprehensive", "small and comprehensive", and "small and comprehensive". ", resulting in a new waste of resources. Obviously, this model can not adapt to the e-commerce era of logistics requirements. But for now, in meeting the enterprise (group) internal production material supply, product export, retail factory store supply or outside the region to expand the market and other enterprise's own needs but played a role.

The more typical enterprise (group) self-managed mode, is the chain enterprise logistics distribution. Large and small chain companies or groups (such as Beijing Hualian, Wal-Mart, Metro, etc.) are basically through the formation of their own logistics centers to complete the internal fields, stores, unified procurement, unified distribution and unified settlement.

2, third-party logistics distribution model

Logistics outsourcing third-party, commonly referred to as third-party logistics is relative to the "first-party" consignor and "second-party" in terms of the consignee of the third party to undertake enterprise logistics activities. A form of logistics. Third-party logistics mode refers to the two sides of the transaction to complete their own distribution business entrusted to a third party to complete a distribution mode of operation. This distribution mode is gradually becoming a preferred mode and direction for e-commerce websites to distribute goods. His services include the design of logistics systems, electronic data interchange capabilities, report management, cargo consolidation, information management, warehousing, consulting, freight payment and negotiation.

E-commerce enterprises to use third-party logistics for improving business efficiency has an important role.

(1) Concentrate on the core business

Enterprises should focus their main resources on their familiar main business, and leave the logistics and other auxiliary functions to the logistics company, so that they can improve the market competitiveness of their main business. If an enterprise that is not very large invests too much money in its own logistics, then the funds invested in its main business will be reduced accordingly, and the market competitiveness of the enterprise's main business will be greatly affected.

(2) Flexible use of new technologies to achieve information for inventory, reduce costs

Since the increasing progress of science and technology, ordinary individual manufacturing companies are usually difficult to update their own resources and skills in a short period of time, different retailers may have different, ever-changing distribution and information technology needs, at this time, the third-party logistics company can be a fast, more cost-effective way to meet these needs. This is where a 3PL can meet these needs in a fast, more cost-effective way that is often difficult for a manufacturer to do alone. Similarly, the 3PL provider also has the ability to meet the needs of a company's potential customers, allowing the company to reach out to retailers.

(3) Reducing investment in fixed assets and accelerating capital turnover

Enterprises that run their own logistics operations need to invest a lot of money in purchasing logistics equipment, building warehouses and specialized logistics facilities such as information networks. These resources for the lack of funds for enterprises, especially small and medium-sized enterprises is a heavy burden. If you use a third-party logistics company can not only reduce the investment in facilities, but also eliminate the need for warehouses and fleets of capital occupation, accelerate the turnover of funds.

Compared with self-managed logistics, third-party logistics in the enterprise to provide the above convenience at the same time, but also to the enterprise will bring many disadvantages. Mainly: enterprises can not directly control the logistics function; can not guarantee the accuracy and timeliness of supply; can not guarantee the quality of customer service and maintenance of long-term relationship with customers; enterprises will give up the development of logistics expertise.

3, logistics integration distribution model

Logistics integration is based on the development of third-party logistics. The so-called logistics integration is the logistics system as the core of the production enterprises, through the logistics enterprises, sales enterprises, until the consumer supply chain of the whole and systematization. In this mode, the logistics enterprise through the production enterprise to establish a wide range of agency or buyout relationship, and sales enterprises to form a more stable contractual relationship, so that the production enterprise's goods or information for a unified combination of processing, according to departmental order requirements, distribution to the store. This distribution model also manifests itself in the exchange of supply information among users, thus playing the role of transferring surplus and shortage and rational use of resources.

In the era of e-commerce, this is a more complete sense of the logistics distribution model, it is the advanced and mature stage of the development of the logistics industry. In China, Haier Group's logistics distribution model can be said to have been logistics integration, and is a very successful case.

4, **** with the distribution model

*** with the distribution is to improve the efficiency of logistics distribution of users in a certain region, by many logistics companies to join together in the distribution. It is in the distribution center of the unified plan, unified scheduling. Mainly includes two forms of operation: one is by a logistics enterprise to multiple users for distribution, that is, by a distribution enterprise to integrate the requirements of a number of users in a certain area, the overall arrangements for distribution time, number of times, routes and the number of goods, and comprehensive distribution; the second is only in the delivery link will be transported by a number of users to be transported goods mixed in the same car, and then in accordance with the user's requirements to deliver the goods to the various pick-up points, or transported to a number of users jointly The second is only the delivery of goods to be delivered by a number of users mixed in the same car, and then according to the user's requirements to transport the goods to each receiving point, or transported to a number of users jointly set up the distribution of goods receiving point.

Currently, the construction of large-scale modern distribution centers can not keep up with the requirements of the development of e-commerce logistics, the implementation of *** with the distribution is a positive and feasible choice. From a microscopic point of view, enterprises can get the following aspects of the benefits: First, to achieve the economic scale of distribution operations, improve the efficiency of logistics operations, reduce the operating costs of enterprises; do not need to invest a lot of money, equipment, land, manpower and so on, you can save the enterprise's resources. Secondly, enterprises can concentrate on their core business, develop their core competitiveness and better adapt to the fierce market competition. Thirdly, from the social point of view, the realization of *** with the distribution can reduce the total number of social vehicles, reduce the downtown unloading phenomenon of obstruction of traffic, and improve the transportation situation; through the centralization of processing, improve the efficiency of the vehicle's loading, saving space and human resources for logistics processing, and realize the *** enjoyment and effective use of social resources.

***The same distribution also involves a number of difficult to solve the problem: First, the owners of different commodities, different characteristics of different commodities, the distribution of different requirements, *** with the distribution of a certain degree of difficulty. Secondly, there are also gaps in the scale, business district, customers and business sense of each enterprise, which often makes it difficult to harmonize. There is also the apportionment of costs, leakage of trade secrets concerns and so on.

It is not clear that you can ask again uh.