What polymer materials include

Classification Polymer materials are divided into rubber, fibers, plastics, polymer adhesives, polymer coatings and polymer-based composites according to their characteristics. Rubber is a class of linear flexible polymer. Its molecular chain subvalence force is small, the molecular chain flexibility is good, under the action of external forces can produce a large deformation, remove the external forces can be quickly restored to its original state. There are two kinds of natural rubber and synthetic rubber. ② polymer fiber is divided into natural fibers and chemical fibers. The former refers to silk, cotton, hemp, wool and so on. The latter is a natural polymer or synthetic polymer as raw materials, after spinning and post-treatment. Fibers have large subvalence, small deformation capacity, high modulus, and are generally crystalline polymers. Plastic is a synthetic resin or chemically modified natural polymer as the main component, and then add fillers, plasticizers and other additives. Its intermolecular valence, modulus and deformation between rubber and fiber. Usually according to the characteristics of synthetic resins are divided into thermosetting plastics and thermoplastics; according to the use of general-purpose plastics and engineering plastics. Polymer adhesive is a synthetic natural polymer compounds based on the main body of the adhesive material. Divided into natural and synthetic adhesive two kinds. More applications are synthetic adhesives. ⑤ polymer coatings are made of polymer as the main film-forming substances, solvents and various additives. According to the different film-forming substances, it is divided into grease coatings, natural resin coatings and synthetic resin coatings. (6) Polymer-based composite material is a kind of composite material made of polymer compounds as the matrix and various reinforcing materials. It synthesizes the performance characteristics of the original material, and can be based on the need for material design.

Plastic products manufactured using polymer materials

In addition, polymer materials are divided into ordinary polymer materials and functional polymer materials according to their use. Functional polymer materials in addition to the general mechanical properties of polymers, insulation properties and thermal properties, but also has a material, energy and information conversion, transmission and storage of special functions. Have been practical polymer information conversion materials, polymer transparent materials, polymer simulation of enzymes, biodegradable polymer materials, polymer shape memory materials and medical and pharmaceutical polymer materials.

Processing Processing and molding of polymer materials is not a purely physical process, but is an important part of determining the final structure and properties of polymer materials. In addition to adhesives and coatings, which can be used directly without processing, rubber, fibers, plastics, etc., are usually processed into products by the corresponding forming methods. General plastic products commonly used forming methods are extrusion, injection, calendering, blow molding, molding or transfer molding. Rubber products have plasticizing, mixing, calendering or extrusion and other forming processes. Fibers have spinning solute preparation, fiber forming and winding, post-treatment, stretching and heat-setting of primary fibers.

In the molding process, the polymer is likely to be affected by changes in temperature, pressure, stress and time of action, resulting in polymer degradation, cross-linking, and other chemical reactions, so that the polymer aggregation state structure and chemical structure changes. Therefore, the processing process not only determines the appearance shape and quality of polymer material products, but also has an important impact on the material supramolecular structure and the structure of the weaving state and even the chain structure.