Status and Reflection on Teaching Ancient Poetry in Secondary School Language

Ancient poems are the unique heritage of the Chinese nation and an important part of the great Chinese civilization. As a part of a nation's excellent culture, it will never go out of fashion and is worth studying, learning and carrying forward. It is not only the inheritance of our ancestors' wisdom and blood, but also the construction of today's excellent culture with national characteristics through learning, studying and interpreting them. However, the teaching of ancient poetry in secondary schools is not optimistic, there are many misunderstandings, so we need to reflect.

First, the current secondary school teaching of ancient poetry in the misunderstanding

1, ignoring the student's main position, ignoring a variety of interpretation of poetry.

Emphasis on indoctrination, light experience, heavy authority, light guidance, even if the teacher's point of view is right, but so that their own conclusions are easily thrown to the students, making the students less spiritual contemplation of the journey, and what a pity. Meaningful learning should be about assimilating knowledge into existing mental schemas, constructing new cognitive schemas, and learning more and more about the process of understanding things. In addition, some teachers seem to be "good", but in fact, the students will lead | to the standard answer, only the training of convergent thinking, but ignored the divergent thinking.

2. Over-emphasis on intellectual analysis and a tendency to dismember the poem.

Some teachers teach ancient poetry by dividing it into paragraphs and summarizing the meaning of the paragraphs, on the basis of which they master the ideological and emotional aspects of the poems and analyze the artistic techniques. This is to break down the ancient poems as inanimate objects, and to treat poetry appreciation as a logical thinking process of analyzing, synthesizing, and reasoning, without focusing on the overall grasp and perceptual experience. Some teachers' explanations are too straightforward, seeming to speak through the poem, but actually losing the beauty of the poem's mood, and even making excessive interpretation. Ancient poetry teaching need to intellectual thinking, but and perception, experience, imagination, association and other perceptual thinking together, otherwise it will kill the vitality of the poem, but also impede the development of students' aesthetic sensibility.

3, the abuse of multimedia.

The experience of ancient poetic mood requires students' image thinking, the need to mobilize the representations stored in the brain, and the formation of new representations on the basis of imagination and association. Such as "Nian Nujiao. Chibi Huai Gu" in the lyric hero perfectly exist in our imagination, while some teachers in the class will be a drinking old man in front of the students, suddenly feel the elegance greatly reduced. In addition, the abuse of multimedia to dilute the classroom teacher-student emotional exchanges, dazzling computer graphics occupy most of the students' attention, the surface of the lively, in fact, projected to the poems themselves, the emotions and understanding is not deep enough.

Poetry is a product of romance, but in the actual teaching process, the status quo of ancient poetry teaching is very embarrassing: students are not interested in learning ancient poetry, and there is a kind of fear or even look and get tired of sighing.

Why is this happening? There are two main reasons:

1, students cognitive bias.

The reason why students are not interested in ancient poems, in addition to the ancient poems are difficult to understand, difficult to memorize, the ancient poems as a second foreign language; more than that, many students think that learning ancient poems is very boring, modern people are using modern Chinese to speak, the ancient texts have no practical value. As Mr. Nan Huaijin worried: "It is a pity that the basic purpose of cultural education, as modern people know it, is only to 'make a living', to have a good profession, to have a high salary, or to earn a lot of money." The Metropolis Express has published the news that an amateur school in Hangzhou has opened a class for reciting ancient poems and verses, but it had to stop temporarily because only one student was recruited, while, in sharp contrast, the English classes opened at the same time have long been filled to overflowing. The students on the ancient poetry to ignore, in essence, is the traditional cultural essence of indifference, this is similar to the practice of forgetting their ancestors, can not help but be saddened.

2, the teacher teaching method of the deviation.

Many teachers believe that the teaching of ancient poetry in junior high school is only for students to accumulate more, more memorization, so, "interpretation of the words and phrases - the string of the whole poem - memorization and mimeograph" teaching method has become a lot of teachers set in stone, the popularity of the ancient poems of beauty and flavor explained away. The beauty and flavor of the popular ancient poems and explained to disappear, the classroom atmosphere is dull and uninteresting monotonous and tasteless. Therefore, the single teacher teaching method will naturally make the ancient poetry in the loss of nutrition, and then cause students in the ancient poetry of traditional cultural accumulation of "anemia".

Second, in the face of these conditions, we should reflect:

1, focus on guiding students through the chanting to taste the emotions of ancient poetry.

The most primitive and best way to savor the emotions of ancient poems is perhaps chanting. The musicality of the poetic meter and the feelings thus expressed must be reflected in chanting. In teaching, some knowledge about chanting should also be imparted, for example, the flat tones are read long and light, and the oblique tones are short and heavy; there are two pauses in a line of a four-line poem, two pauses in a five-line poem, and three pauses in a seven-line poem, and the positions of the pauses are slightly lengthened, raised, and aggravated, etc. In addition, it is very important for the teacher to model the reading. In addition, the teacher's model reading is very important, good model reading can directly impress the students, so that they overcome the shyness.

2, the use of artistic empathy.

In teaching, teachers should make full use of the art of general sense, physical objects into thoughts, thoughts into physical objects, abstract into intuitive, mobilize and through a variety of senses, from multiple perspectives to deepen the understanding of the mood of the poems feel.

Using music to match the ancient poetry is an effective means. The feeling of ancient poetry is often so hazy and ambiguous and surging with emotion, and the flow of the music, full of emotion, is suitable to help students enhance this feeling. For example, when teaching the poem "Spring River and Moonlit Night", with the "Spring River and Moonlit Night" guzheng music, undoubtedly complement each other, the realm of the suddenly born. Another example is to guide students to experience the mood of the poem, and then find out the music that matches it, or even create a piece of music by themselves, which is also a very good method.

Su Shi commented on Wang Wei's poem, "Poetry has a picture in it, and painting has a poem in it." The connection between poetry and painting provides another teaching channel. For example, in Bai Juyi's "Remembering the South", displaying some pictures of the scenery of Jiangnan creates a rhythmic background atmosphere for enjoying the words "Remembering the South". Of course, the use of artistic flux should not overpower the main event.

3, systematic comparison, vertical and horizontal hook.

In the traditional teaching of ancient poetry, many students learn a poem, the understanding of the poem is only limited to this one, the author's person, the author's other works, on the same subject matter, the same style of work have little understanding of this teaching is to make students "only see the trees do not see the forest".

In teaching a poet's poem, if you can comprehensively introduce the poet's era background, personal experience, and introduce his other poems, not only is conducive to a more in-depth understanding of the textbook. It is also conducive to the development of students' accumulation and literacy of ancient poems. For example, in the teaching of Li Yu's "Yu Beauty", if you can both the details of Li Yu's life, and the "Wave Amoy Sand" (curtain outside the rain gurgling), "Happy to see each other" (speechless alone on the West Tower), "broken formation" (forty years of family and country) and so on, the effect of its teaching should be much better than the single talk of a "Yu Beauty".

4, the development of school-based teaching materials, the opening of elective courses.

In March 2000, the Ministry of National Education issued a new language syllabus, in which 50 poems are required to be memorized in junior high school and 50 in senior high school. "If you familiarize yourself with the 300 Tang poems, you will be able to recite them even if you don't know how." Exposure to a sufficient number of ancient poems is undoubtedly of great significance in cultivating students' interest and sensibility in appreciating ancient poems. On the basis of "memorizing ancient poems", schools can develop school-based teaching materials according to the actual situation and offer elective courses to broaden students' horizons of appreciating ancient poems. For example, some schools specialize in the opening of the "Poetry Teaching'' elective courses, some schools have their own teaching materials of ancient poetry, this practice is worth learning.

5, the teacher's own level of improvement.

Teachers should first improve their understanding of the value of teaching ancient poetry, clear guidance to students to master a certain number of ancient poetry is not dispensable, but should be regarded as a requirement for teachers, an unshirkable responsibility. At the same time, we must strive to overcome the impatience and uncertainty, quick success and quick profit mentality, drilling into the "pile of old paper" in the study, enrich their own cultural deposits. Secondly, it is necessary to further study the "curriculum standards", understand the spirit, update the concept of education, in practice, continue to explore, reflect, improve their teaching level.

In addition, you can also use research-based learning. Such as in the text reading based on guiding students to carry out research study of archetypal imagery. First of all, let the students think about what archetypal imagery appeared in the high school poetry, and according to their own interests, choose one as a topic, the same topic to form a research group. Then let the students divide the work, collect, organize and analyze the information through the network, books and other ways, write a small paper and make related courseware. Finally, the exchange of summary, organizing students on the stage to do presentation, show the results of the research, circulate the papers of each group in the class, and self-assessment and mutual evaluation.

Ancient poems as a representative literary work of the millennium cultural accumulation, its literary value has always been respected. As one of the important contents of secondary school language teaching, the teaching of ancient poems has a positive effect on students, such as inspiring, cultivating morality, cultivating feelings, persuading, etc. It has an irreplaceable role in the moral and aesthetic education of the students, and at the same time, it is an important way for the students to inherit the traditional culture of the Chinese nation. However, with the development of the times, the appreciation value of ancient poems is much higher than their practical value. With the development and popularization of vernacular language, ancient poems are more and more abstract and obscure to students. For this reason, most of the language teachers at the secondary school level have to stay at the shallow teaching stage of combing the words and meanings of the poems. In order to prevent the cultural treasures inherited for thousands of years from dying out in our generation, we must pay more attention to the teaching of ancient poems.