From which dynasty did China begin to use the calendar?

China began using calendars in the true sense of the word from the Xia Dynasty, mainly for guiding agricultural production and other aspects.

Extended information:

The traditional Chinese calendar, which is now known as the Summer Calendar, was developed by the Xinhai Revolution, which used the Western calendar. After the Xinhai Revolution, some people thought that the traditional Chinese calendar was called the Summer Calendar because it was practiced in Xiazheng. In fact, the traditional calendar now in use is based on the Han Calendar (Tai Chou Calendar), which was established during the Han Dynasty, so it should be called the Han Calendar. Currently known as the lunar calendar, lunar calendar, ancient calendar, old calendar and so on. It belongs to a kind of lunar and solar calendar, in which the average calendar month is equal to one solstice month, a

point that is the same as the principle of the lunar calendar, so it has a lunar component; on the other hand, it sets up intercalary months in order to make the average calendar year a regression year, and sets up twenty-four festivals in order to reflect the seasonal (the annual movement of the sun's direct sunlight point) change

characteristic, so it has a solar component as well. To this day, almost all Chinese people around the world, as well as countries such as the Korean Peninsula and Vietnam, still use the Summer (Han) Calendar to project traditional festivals such as the Spring Festival, the Mid-Autumn Festival, and the Dragon Boat Festival.

The Xia Calendar differs from the Yin, Zhou, and Qin calendars mainly in which month is taken as the first month (as the beginning of the year). The twelve months of the year are divided into the months of Zi, U, Yin, Mao, Chen, Si, Wu, Wei

Months, Shen, You, Xu (note: not Xiu), and Hai. The month in which the winter solstice occurs (the month of mid-winter) is the Zi month, the month in which the Great Cold occurs (the month of mid-winter) is the Ugly month, and the month in which the rain occurs (the month of Bengchun

month) is the Yin month, and so on. In the Xia calendar, the month of Yin was the first month (the same as the first month of the current Han (lunar) calendar), in the Yin calendar, the month of Chou (equivalent to December in the current Han (lunar) calendar) was the first month, and in the Zhou calendar, the month of Zi (equivalent to November in the current Han

calendar (lunar)) was the first month. The first month of the Qin calendar was the month of Hai (equivalent to October in the present-day Han (lunar) calendar). For example, March in the summer calendar was April in the Yin calendar and May in the Zhou calendar. From the time of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty until

the present day, the Xiazheng was adopted. In this way, later generations mistakenly thought that the current calendar was the summer calendar, but in fact it just used the Xiazheng.

Reference:

Summer Calendar - Baidu Encyclopedia