The main functions and characteristics of houses in primitive times

The main functions and characteristics of primitive houses are as follows:

Primitive humans lived in caves or trees to avoid cold and summer storms, as well as insects, snakes and wild animals. This is the so-called "cave dwelling" and "building a nest on a tree". After continuous evolution, the ancients began to build houses. According to the current archaeological excavations, the earliest houses in China were built in the Neolithic Age about 67,000 years ago.

At that time, there were mainly two kinds of houses. One was the northern architectural model represented by Xi 'an Banpo site in Shaanxi Province-semi-crypt houses and ground houses. Semi-basement houses are round, with deep and shallow basements. Take the pit wall as the wall base or wall, and build a roof on the pit, with grass and soil on it. Some walls and rooms are supported by wooden posts.

One is the dry-column architecture, which is the architectural model of the Yangtze River basin and the southern region represented by Hemudu site in Yuyao, Zhejiang Province. Generally, the underframe above the ground consists of upright wooden stakes or bamboo piles, on which there is a suspended floor supported by large and small beams, and houses are built with bamboo and thatch. People live above the main column building and livestock are raised below.

Characteristics of Hemudu Culture

1, Hemudu residents began to widely use grinded stone tools, and were able to make pottery and simple jade articles, and handicrafts developed.

2. Hemudu residents mainly grow rice and raise livestock such as pigs, dogs and buffaloes.

3. The houses in Hemudu settlement are all dry-fence, and dry-fence architecture has always been one of the main architectural forms in Jiangnan area.

The original inhabitants of Banpo generally used polished stone tools, reclaimed land with polished stone tools and harvested crops with stone knives.

5. Banpo clan generally lives in the Yellow River basin. Their staple food is millet, and China is the first country to grow millet in the world.

6. The aborigines in Banpo raise pigs, dogs and other animals, and hunt and fish with bone arrows, harpoons and hooks. Food is abundant, with millet as the staple food and fish, meat and vegetables as non-staple food.