What are the lessons and guidance of ancient Chinese management ideas for modern management

Management is usually interpreted as jurisdiction and handling. Management thought is a general term for the viewpoints, ideas and insights formed by people's thinking on management activities in social practice, which is a conscious and systematic reflection of people's social relations and their contradictory movements in various management practices in social life. Management thinking is gradually formed and developed on the basis of management practice, which has experienced the development process from the germ of the idea, the idea of formation to the continuous system and deepening. The development history of human management thought is long. The development of management thinking can be analyzed from the ancient management thinking and modern management thinking, it can be divided into four stages: the first stage can be divided into the early management thinking. The second stage can be divided into classical early thought. The third stage can be divided into the middle management thought. The fourth stage can be divided into modern management thought. The elite of the American business community was the first to see the outstanding role of management on economic development.

In the world, any country's management thinking is y rooted in the country's national living environment and the country's national cultural soil, will invariably be with the country, the nation's traditional cultural imprints. Ancient China's management thinking, the same with the distinctive Chinese region and traditional cultural imprints. Management is produced with the emergence of human history, with the development of human history and development. Since human history, there has been management. Human beings are social animals, and when engaging in collective production and social activities, management has arisen because of the need to organize and coordinate actions. China is an ancient civilization with a long history of five thousand years, in the long history of the Chinese people's long-term survival and reproduction and development of the long river, created a glorious traditional national culture.

China's ancient management thinking, mainly reflected in the pre-Qin to the Han Dynasty of the hundred schools of thought. Roughly can be divided into: "people-oriented" management ideas; "correct people must first correct their own" management ideas; rich dialectical thought of "the power of the concept of" management ideas; the world's practical use of strategic management ideas; "heaven and mankind" management ideas; "the world and mankind" management ideas. Management ideas; "unity of heaven and mankind" of the overall harmony of management ideas; "do nothing to rule, Taoism and nature" of management ideas. It is rich in content and worthy of serious study and reference by the present generation.

By the Chinese living environment, patriarchal system and Confucianism and Taoism culture, the ancient Chinese management thinking way of thinking reflects the "strong and soft" characteristics. This is mainly manifested in the decision-making thought of planning and then move, the righteousness and benefit of the idea of trade-offs, reward and punishment are clear incentive thought, moral and criminal and the use of broad and fierce thought, the same way up and down the same desire of the same way of thinking, the unity of the group effect of the idea of the impartiality of the idea of the mediocrity of the idea of the transformation of the antithesis of the discursive thinking, the people-oriented people-oriented thinking.

Overall view of the ancient Chinese management practice can be seen, management and administration and the conditions and social environment at the time of the basic integration. In fact, the success or failure of ancient management practice as we know it depends mainly on the quality of the manager or decision-maker. The richer the personal knowledge, ability and experience of the manager, the more likely it is that he or she will be able to carry out fruitful managerial activities; otherwise, the management may be ineffective or even fail. Therefore, management practice is inseparable from personal experience and is a typical experience management. The natural attributes of management and the social attributes of management promote it to reflect the level of development of the social productive forces of the command labor and the supervisory labor appropriate to the production relations. Therefore, the development of management thought is determined by the conditions and times.

Ancient Chinese management thought emphasizes harmony, advocates synergy, the pursuit of harmony, so that contradictions and differences between the two sides of the harmonization, *** with the composition of a harmonious and full of vitality of the world. But the ancient Chinese management thought in the "and for the noble" is not unprincipled, in the unity of the "and" at the same time, also attaches great importance to the existence of differences, that is, in emphasizing the "and for the noble! In other words, while emphasizing "harmony is the most precious", it also attaches great importance to "harmony and difference", and to the existence of differences in the same. Confucius said: "Gentlemen are harmonious but different, while small people are the same but not the same", and advocated "Gentlemen are group but not party". This means that gentlemen live in harmony but do not blindly agree with each other, while small people blindly agree with each other but do not live in harmony. Therefore, the "harmony" here is not blindly pursuing consistency, homogeneity and absence of ego, but rather seeking the best combination of the whole through the complementary differences of various factors, which is a positive attitude and method adopted by people to deal with conflicts and differences. This view of harmony in the management behavior of the specific performance: Yin and Yang complementary, five elements feedback, rigid and flexible, dynamic balance, mediocrity and harmony, in order to achieve a harmonious balance between man and man, man and nature. It can be seen that the ancient Chinese management thinking in the "harmonious view" is the traditional Chinese collective ethical view of the management of the centralized embodiment of the role of a lubricant for guiding people to deal with the relationship between people, which should be caused by all the managers of the great importance of this point.

Interpersonal relationship is an important issue in the management of modern organizations, which, as a factor affecting the efficiency of people's activities, plays a role in regulating people's attitudes and behaviors through emotional interactions between people. China's traditional culture on the management of the core in the human problem, leaving us a lot of valuable wealth. For example, how to play a role in social life and decision-making and management with morality at the core, to lead people to the management goal and to realize the ruler's purpose, the benevolent government and the rule of etiquette advocated by Confucius can be said to have reached the highest ideal state. The result of this is the ultimate formation of a management model characterized by humanism for the purpose of "seeking governance" and "seeking goodness". Under this mechanism, "ritual" plays a key regulatory function in various management behaviors. And "the use of etiquette, and for the noble", which contributes to the "people and" the internal mechanism is "benevolence" "benevolence" as the core of etiquette, its basic meaning is "love people". This kind of advocates rely on the leader's example of the power of teaching and moral sensitization to influence the masses to achieve the goal, to psychological and emotional ties, to the penetration of the principle of love and reasoning, overflowing with a strong sense of human feelings for the form of "moral governance", reflecting the art of management, played an incomparable great effect.

In modern society, emphasizing the harmony of interpersonal relations, focusing on the use of human feelings to control human behavior, is the modern management of the clever place. On the one hand, it can satisfy people's psychological and social needs, and make people form a strong sense of group consciousness, and improve people's sense of identity and responsibility to the organization; on the other hand, it can also make the management of the organization has a strong self-organizing function. Because under the regulation mechanism of humanism, interpersonal interaction can be realized between individuals in the organization through the call of the heart. This kind of interaction realized by emotion is the self-organization and self-regulation of management system. Therefore, interpersonal relations in today's organizational management occupies an irreplaceable position, managers have to perform the duty lies in: correctly handle the "righteousness" and "profit" relationship between the two, in the overall grasp of the *** with the development, to achieve the ultimate goal - righteousness and profit unity. Only in this way, managers can really introduce exemplary behavior, develop a correct, effective policies and measures to truly respect people, in order to fully mobilize, play in the management system of each person's subjective initiative, the formation of a synergy, thus creating a richer material, spiritual value.

Management is a culture, only serious study, in-depth understanding of the essence of traditional culture, in order to inherit the traditional culture on the basis of management innovation. China's ancient incentive methods with its unique charm, occupy a place in the history of world management, greatly enriched the management theory, which is not lacking in the essence of the reason. Today, we can only form management theories with Chinese characteristics by constantly and y digging into the management ideas of our predecessors, constantly and y combining the current management methods, and basing on the national conditions of our own country, so that we can explore the management methods suitable for the national conditions in practice, and make due contributions to the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics.