New energy disadvantages and advantages

New energy disadvantages and advantages

New energy disadvantages and advantages, new energy vehicles refers to the use of non-conventional automotive fuels as a source of power, the use of new technologies, new structures of the car. There are a lot of new energy disadvantages and advantages, I'll take a look at the new energy disadvantages and advantages with you.

New Energy Disadvantages and Advantages 1

Advantages of New Energy Vehicles:

1, saving fuel energy. It is usually powered by natural gas, LPG, hydrogen, and electricity.

2, reduce emissions, effectively protect the environment. Electric cars do not produce exhaust, no pollution. Hydrogen energy car exhaust is water, no pollution to the environment.

3, high efficiency. General new energy vehicles use new technology, new structures, making it more efficient.

4, low noise.

Disadvantages of new energy vehicles:

1, because new energy vehicles are in their infancy, the technology is not very mature.

2, low vehicle ownership, charging, refueling, maintenance and other less convenient.

3, the general vehicle displacement is small, not enough power, not suitable for long-distance driving.

Now the price of 50,000-100,000 new energy vehicles, only pure electric vehicles have mass production, selectivity is not too large.

Two major phases of new energy vehicles:

The first phase is to hybrid vehicles, fuel cell vehicles and other new energy vehicles as a complementary development direction, to open up the new energy vehicle market.

The second stage is based on the maturity of pure electric vehicle technology, pure electric vehicles to gradually replace hybrid and fuel cell vehicles to completely occupy the new energy vehicle market, to achieve the zero-emission stage. China's new energy vehicle industry began at the beginning of the 21st century. 2001, the new energy vehicle research project was included in the national "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period of "863" major scientific and technological issues, and planned to start with gasoline vehicles, hydrogen-powered vehicles to the goal of advancing the strategy. "Since the 11th Five-Year Plan, China has put forward the strategy of "energy-saving and new energy vehicles", and the government has paid great attention to the research and development and industrialization of new energy vehicles. Reference:Baidu EncyclopediaーNew Energy Vehicles

New Energy Disadvantages and Advantages 2

Advantage 1: Purely electric drive vehicle driving feeling good

Purely electric drive vehicle refers to only the motor as the drive mode of the vehicle, including the pure electric car as well as the programmable electric car, the current form of power drive is the electric motor + single gear reducer, the motor is the most important part of the vehicle, but also the most important part of the vehicle is the motor.

Because of the wide range of motor speed, the current mainstream speed of 12,000 rpm, 16,000 rpm, this speed basically does not need more gears to meet the needs of the majority of the speed of the electric car (of course, in order to balance the demand for power economy, the development of the two gears, except for the current problem is more, this is not to repeat), so that the electric car in the driving sex without the slightest shift caused by the stuttering. At the same time, the motor is responsive and has a high low RPM torque, which gives it many advantages in driveability that traditional fuel cars can't match.

Advantage two: high drive efficiency, energy recovery is more economical

Leaving aside the entire energy cycle, the drive efficiency alone, the highest thermal efficiency of the traditional fuel car engine is known to be more than 40%, the actual use of more than 30%, most of the fuel energy is treated as exhaust gas emissions. The motor + motor controller maximum efficiency is greater than 95%, the actual use of more than 85%, (actual use conditions refer to the NEDC conditions), so that the motor assembly drive efficiency is very high. For example, a class A electric car and the same platform fuel car, electric car 100km power consumption is 14kwh/100km, 100km fuel consumption is 8L/100km. known calorific value of gasoline is 42MJ/kg, the conversion of 100km consumption of energy is 4.54*10^8 Joule energy, while the power consumption is 100km consumption of 14*3.6*10^6=5.04*10^7 Joule energy , which is roughly 1/10th of a gasoline car, which shows that electric cars are more efficient.

The hybrid model, most of the vehicle's power matching is also, for example, following the principle of "using electricity to save fuel", which means that in the process of power matching, the engine is always working in the economic speed - torque range, to achieve the purpose of saving fuel, for example, in the following chart, at different speeds, the engine output speed at the current speed of 2800 rpm, which will control the engine torque. For example, at different speeds in the figure below, the engine output speed at the current speed is 2800 rpm, which will control the engine torque of about 90Nm, if the power is not enough to meet the driver's driving needs, the rest of the torque compensation will be done by the motor to achieve the demand that the engine is always working at the economic point so as to reduce the fuel consumption (the engine speed of the extended-range model is decoupled from the speed of the vehicle so that the speeds can be adjusted, which makes it easier to choose the economic point). Similarly, when the engine torque exceeds the user's torque demand at the economy point, the excess torque will drive the motor to generate electricity, and store the energy in the battery for future use. In fact, it is necessary to consider the efficiency of the motor, the battery charging and discharging power, and many other conditions to calibrate for different working conditions. Power shunt, series-parallel connection of IMMD, P0+P4, P2.5+P4, etc., but also different, this later I should be a separate article to write about the characteristics of different power structures.

At the same time, the current `new energy models have a **** the same point, that is, there is a motor involved in the drive. Learned high school physics we all know, the motor and the electric motor (electricity generates magnetism) and can be a generator (magnetism generates electricity). In the traditional car driving process, the establishment of braking is to step on the brake pedal to establish hydraulic pressure, so that the brake friction pads and brake disc contact to produce braking, from the point of view of the flow of energy, it is the car's kinetic energy is converted to the brake's thermal energy to achieve braking, but in the new energy models, braking, electric motor power off, cutting the magnetic susceptibility to produce the opposite direction of the current and to provide a negative torque (magneto-electricity, see the details of the high school physics), at this time the The reverse current flows to the battery and is stored, while the negative torque of the motor can help the vehicle realize braking. To put it bluntly, the kinetic energy of a traditional car is converted into heat energy of the friction plate when braking is taken away, and the new energy vehicle can turn part of the vehicle's kinetic energy into electricity stored in the battery (energy recovery is also divided into collaborative and non-collaborative back to me to see and then open a single topic to talk about it), the energy recovery of the mileage of the contribution rate of the current I've seen according to the real test can be as high as 20% or so (NEDC working conditions).

From the above, new energy vehicles are actually more efficient in terms of the overall efficiency of the motor, in terms of the matching of the system, and in terms of the qualities of an EV.

Advantage three, the use of low-cost and can reduce urban emissions

Electric vehicles and most plug-in hybrid vehicles, have a certain pure electric range, in the case of family charging convenience, the cost of electricity is more than the use of oil to save more, the same as the above vehicle as an example, electric vehicles 100 kilometers of power consumption is 14 degrees, according to the current Family electricity prices, 100 kilometers of about 7 dollars; and traditional oil car 100 kilometers of fuel consumption is 8 liters, 100 kilometers of about 56 dollars, while the electric car does not require frequent maintenance, eliminating the need to change the oil and other maintenance costs.

At the same time, electric cars and hybrid cars will have much less emissions than traditional cars, and can achieve 0 emissions or less emissions.

These are some of the advantages of mass-produced new energy vehicles that I personally understand, but the real disadvantage that makes many people feel bad about new energy vehicles, especially electric vehicles, is that it really restricts consumers from choosing new energy vehicles.

Disadvantage one, the low range of the electric car affects the user long-distance travel

At present, the most constraints on the use of the user, caused by the user complains about, in fact, is the electric car range anxiety. The range of electric vehicles is an important performance indicator that users can visualize. But the current mass production of electric vehicles, the integrated range is a little longer than about 400km, winter warm air is directly attenuated close to half. It is simply not possible to meet the user's long-distance needs, and the short-distance demand for charging is too high to cause complaints, and there is even a winter cover without opening the air conditioning.

Disadvantage two, charging is not convenient, not fast

If the EV range is not long, but charging is convenient and fast, it is also a good solution to the mileage anxiety path, but the current situation is:

1, charging piles of varying quality. Some charging piles physical interface or charging protocols are not even compatible with some cars (I once did a charging adaptability test, using a car to test various brands of various piles)

2, charging rate is slow. Now fast charging and refueling is also very slow compared to the general mention of SOC20%-80% charging rate, less than half an hour, more than an hour

3, charging pile layout or not average. Many places are less or even no, high speed above the layout is also less, it seems that Tesla and some other host manufacturers have some layout.

4, a lot of neighborhoods do not support the installation of charging piles, support the installation of the district needs to be tied to the owner of the parking space, and many other practical problems (I have seen from the dozen or so floors down to the wire charging, it seems to have to sneak in, fire problems, the property will be investigated).

So many OEMs are using or planning to take some programs to solve the problem of charging difficulties, such as Azure's power exchange and Porsche's high-voltage fast-charging program. In fact, a single manufacturer to do in fact how to play can be, but want to user convenience, it is best to the national or industry level to unify the standard: the unity of the hardware and software standards of the power switching program, high-voltage fast-charging infrastructure construction, these are the urgent problem.

Weaknesses

The traditional fuel car itself is less affected by temperature, and the oil in the car can reach the working temperature at room temperature in a few minutes, while at the same time, the temperature of the exhaust can be used to warm up the car at low temperatures, so the winter fuel consumption and drivability relative to the room temperature will not have a particularly large decline. Daily driving time is relatively short may be higher fuel consumption, the fluid just warmed up already to the place).

And EV batteries are affected by temperature, for example, in low-temperature conditions, the battery's own power and charge and discharge power are attenuated (-7 degrees Celsius power attenuation of about 10%), so the battery attenuation of the battery at low temperatures only will have 10% of the impact on the driving range, and at the same time in the low-temperature charging and discharging power of the battery changes in the car's dynamics and charging rate will have a certain impact.

EV heating can not be like traditional fuel vehicles as the use of exhaust heat, the need for an external heating device, now most of the use of PTC heating, to put it bluntly is a resistor wire energized heating, and then rely on the fan or blower directly to the resistor wire heated hot air blown into the cockpit, or resistor wire heated water, and then the water of the hot air blown into the cockpit. -7 degrees Celsius PTC average power can reach 2-3Kw or even more (not counting the battery heating), a hundred kilometers of power consumption of 13 degrees of the electric car, the average speed of the car in the 30km / h or so under the conditions of the air-conditioning of the hundred kilometers of power consumption is close to 10 degrees, plus the battery decay 。。。。。。 So the mileage of many cars in low temperature can only reach half of the room temperature. Now the application of heat pump technology can reduce energy consumption at low temperatures, but there are still some problems in use, such as lower temperatures under the heat pump basically does not work or need to be used with the PTC, and the rate of heating, etc., but I believe that in the future there will be a safer and more efficient air conditioning technology can be mounted on the car.

The above is a description of what I think are the main advantages of new energy vehicles, and the main complaints that cause users to complain. In fact, there are many other advantages and disadvantages, such as electric drive to carry automatic driving more friendly, now buy new energy vehicles will have some policy dividends, etc., of course, there is also the problem of value-added rate, electric vehicle safety concerns, etc., due to the extension of a wide range of aspects, this is not a list of them. Based on the above issues, various OEMs and research institutes are seeking solutions to achieve technological breakthroughs, such as better battery performance, more secure and efficient thermal management solutions, and more efficient air conditioning systems.

We also hope that we can learn more about this industry and adopt a dialectical view of the industry, instead of beating it to death, thinking that all new energy companies are cheating, and that the development of new energy vehicles is wrong. I think we should agree with the advantages, face the gaps, solve the problem, which is the direction of all our automotive efforts and goals, but also the original intention of I want to write something.

New Energy Disadvantages and Advantages 3

The advantages of new energy vehicles are:

1, new energy vehicles are environmentally friendly. New energy vehicles use mainly non-fuel power plant, do not need to burn gasoline, diesel, etc., but use clean energy, such as: electricity, solar energy, hydrogen, etc.. This reduces the emission of carbon dioxide and other gases, thus achieving the purpose of protecting the environment.

2. Save money. Fuel cars cost about 0.6-0.8 yuan per kilometer of oil, but only 0.2 yuan to use electricity. In addition, the motor structure is very simple and not easy to break, do not need frequent maintenance.

3, new energy vehicles do not need to limit the number of trips. Because of the serious environmental pollution, in order to reduce the pressure on the environment, many cities have adopted the automobile numbering system to limit the travel of private cars. However, new energy vehicles are almost zero-pollution and zero-emission, so they are not within the limit, and more convenient to travel.

4, high efficiency. Generally new energy vehicles use new technologies and new structures to make it more efficient.

The disadvantages of new energy vehicles are:

1, charging is difficult and slow. Because the new energy vehicles are not yet popular, so many cities or regions lack charging piles for new energy vehicles, so it is not very convenient to charge the car. In addition, the power plant system of new energy vehicles is not very mature, and charging is slow, usually taking several hours, which is not very convenient.

2. Shorter range. For new energy vehicles that use electricity, the car battery's storage capacity is limited, so the car's continuous mileage will be limited, and generally can't be driven for a longer distance.

3. After-sales service is still immature. New energy vehicles as the automotive industry's "new star", all aspects are still in the exploration, improvement, for new energy vehicles after-sales service, there are not yet many skilled maintenance personnel, can not be maintained in a timely manner, which will bring great inconvenience to the owners.

4. Higher cost. Electric cars in order to be able to repeatedly charging and range, the inevitable need for lithium batteries this additional cost. At present, the cost of lithium power battery is about 2000 yuan / kWh. A car with a range of 500 kilometers requires more than 90 degrees of battery. This cost is 18 million. Even if the cost can be mitigated on a large scale later, can reach the cost of lead-acid batteries, but also need 80,000 ~ 90,000 yuan.