An introduction to the culture of tea! The more detailed about good ！！！！

"When our country began to drink tea, everyone said different, no one is sure. Only generally can be said to begin in Han, and prevailing in Tang. Drinking tea before the Tang, Lu Yu, "Tea" under the volume of "six tea drink" as a generalization of the words, said: "Tea for drinking, from Shennong's, known as Lu Zhougong, Qi have Yan Ying, Han Yang Xiong, Sima Xiangru, Wu Wei Yao, Jin Liu Kun, Zhang Zai, far from Zunar, Xie An, Zuo Si's disciples, all drink." But more non-historical facts. Even if it is a historical fact, non-explanatory, but also not easy to understand. Tea scripture" cloud: Shennong "food scripture" "tea and tea served for a long time, the power to please the will" (Liu Yuanchang "tea history" Volume I). Lu Yu "tea" that tea drinking from Shennong's, but the "food scripture" for the pseudo-books, as we all know, not enough to go on. Er Ya" has "bitter" sentence, the world to "Er Ya" for the Zhou Gong works, the fallacy that drinking tea from the Zhou Gong, I do not know "Er Ya" is not made in the Zhou Gong. The first time I saw this, I was in the middle of a long journey, and I was not sure if I was going to make it.

"Yanzi Chunqiu? The internal miscellaneous" said "Yanzi phase Qi, clothing ten liters of cloth, food, food, five eggs, moss and vegetables only", that drinking tea (i.e., tea) began in the Spring and Autumn period. However, Yanzi Spring and Autumn Annals is not made by Yan Ying of Qi, it is difficult to establish. And Wan Weiting edited "learning from the record and collection of evidence" Volume VIII under the cloud: "(Samuel press) this "Yanzi Spring and Autumn Annals? The internal part of the miscellaneous under the" as three Eagle five Mao moss vegetables, examining the "Imperial Review" volume eight hundred and sixty-seven cited as Ming tea, contained in the Ming thing ...... "although for Ming, but both said Ming tea, I am afraid that is not the Ming drink of Ming. Therefore, the matter of tea drinking is not seen in the scriptures. The world and the poem "who is tea bitter", for the evidence of tea, I do not know that this tea is bitter vegetables of the Tuan, not "Tuan bitter" tea, can not be Zhang Guan Li Dai. Like this Spring and Autumn and Warring States fear that the wind of tea, so the "Zhouli? Heavenly officials? Home Zai the first "said pulp people for the king's six drinks, one said water, two day pulp, three said sweet, four said cool, five said medical, six said you ①. Not yet seen drinking tea. ...... Since the Han, drinking tea records, heard from time to time, the Three Kingdoms, Wu Sun Hao drink every group of ministers wine, rate to seven liters for the limit, Wei Yao but two liters, or for the cut, or to give tea tea when the wine ("Three Kingdoms")? Wu Zhi? Wei Yao biography "), to tea tea, I fear that has been used to entertain guests, otherwise, the banquet, why have tea? Jin Zhang Hua said, "Drinking real tea, people less sleep" (Zhang Hua "Museum"), is also the wind of tea, so tea tea, from a long time ago, Song Pei Han "Tea" said: "Tea from the Eastern Jin Dynasty, full of today's dynasty (Song Dynasty)." Solid error. The Luoyang Galaxy Records" that tea drinking began in the Southern Dynasty Liang Wu Di Tian Jian years, especially wrong. The so-called tea drinking style, began in the Han Wei can be, prevalent in the Han Wei is not, because the North and South Dynasties, this wind is not yet universal, how to talk about in the Han Wei, off this "tea history of miscellany," cited two anecdotes are as follows:

Qi Wang Xiao first entered the Wei, do not eat mutton and crispy syrup, often meal fresh fish soup, thirsty for drinking tea juice, the Beijing Shi Zi, see the Xiao a drink a bucket, the number of the leakage of the goblet, after the meeting with the Gaozu eat mutton and cheese gruel, Gaozuo strange question, to the day, the sheep are Land animals of the Zong, fish is the long of the water tribe, the good is different, and each said that the precious ...... only Ming is not in, and cheese as a slave, Gaozu laughed, because the number of Ming drink for the cheese slaves, his day Peng Cheng Wang dig dedication said Xiao said: "...... qing tomorrow Gu I set up for qing Tuan Ju's meal (i.e. fish) also have cheese slave."

Shaw Zhengde surrendered, Yuan Yi want to set up tea, first asked the Secretary in the water how much Earl, Zhengde do not know what it means, replied: the next official was born in the water townships, since the establishment of the body, has not suffered the difficulties of the Yanghou, the sitters laughed.

Said by the former, the Northern Dynasties after Wei Beijing Shi Shi, see Qi Wang Xiao drinking tea, cited as strange, the number for the leakage goblet; said by the latter, You raise special desire to prepare tea for the Xiao Zhengde, one for the lesser-known, one is not a common household items, at least enough to prove that it is not ordinary objects, otherwise, and also not the Northern Dynasties Xianbei tribe, this time to drink tea, fear that is limited to a certain place, the line of a certain class, is not a universal populace, so it can only be described as the beginning of the drinking of tea! period. The tea drinking trend of the rise, began in the Tang Dynasty. Tang Dynasty people drink tea into a fetish. Dong Po's poem: "Zhou Poetry records bitter tea, tea drinking out of this world." It is the tea for the tea today. Since Tang, tea to clear the head, up and down the good, the people drink several bowls, indeed into the wind. (From Huang Xianfan's "Exploration of the Interpretation of Ancient Books", Guangxi Normal University Press, July 2004, 1st edition)

Note ①: The original character is also added to the side of the You, and both left and right are also added to the side of the You.

It is true that the habit of drinking tea in many parts of the world has been passed on from China. Therefore, many people think that tea drinking is the first creation of the Chinese, and that the tea drinking habit and the habit of tea planting in other parts of the world are directly or indirectly passed on from China.

(1) Shennong period: Tang? Lu Yu "Tea Scripture": "Tea for drinking, from Shennong's." In the history of China's cultural development, often the origin of all things related to agriculture and plants are ultimately attributed to Shennong. After it is attributed here it can never be pushed upward. Because of this, Shennong became the god of agriculture.

(2) Western Zhou period: Jin? Chang璩, "Huayang Guozhi? Ba Zhi": "King Wu of the Zhou Dynasty conquered the Zhou Dynasty and actually obtained the division of Ba Shu, and all the tea and honey were paid tribute to." This record indicates that when King Wu of the Zhou Dynasty conquered the Zhou Dynasty, the state of Ba had already paid tribute to King Wu of the Zhou Dynasty with tea and other precious products. It is also recorded in the Huayang Guozhi that tea plantations were already cultivated at that time.

(3) Qin and Han Dynasties: Western Han Dynasty. Wang Berg "boy about": "cooking tea all set", "Wuyang buy tea", by the examination of the tea is now tea. In recent years, in the tomb of Western Han Dynasty in Changsha's Mawangdui, it was found that there were "? Yishu" and "? Yisu" in bamboo slips and woodcut texts, after checking the "?" That is, a variant of "Catalpa", indicating that tea was widely consumed in Hunan at that time. We are still drinking the same beverage as our very ancient ancestors such as Jiang Taigong, which is indeed a very exciting thing. Can give us a lot of reverie.

In ancient history, tea has many names, but "tea" is the proper name, "tea" word in the Tang Dynasty before the general writing of the word "tea". The character "tian" has the nature of a word with multiple meanings, indicating tea, is one of them. Due to the development of tea production, the popularity of tea drinking is getting higher and higher, the frequency of tea writing is also getting higher and higher, therefore, the folk writers, in order to express the meaning of tea more clearly, intuitively, so, it is the "tian" character minus a row, into the present we see "tea

"Tea" word from the "tea" in the germ of simplification, began in the Han Dynasty, the ancient Chinese seal, some of the "tea" word has been subtracted from a stroke, become The shape of the word "tea" has been reduced by one stroke in some ancient Han seals. Not only the shape of the word, "tea" pronunciation in the Western Han Dynasty has been established. Such as now in Hunan Province, Chaling, the Western Han Dynasty was Liu Xin's territory, commonly known as "Tuan" Wangcheng, is one of the then Changsha State 13 subordinate counties, known as "Tuan" Lingsheng County. In the Book of Han, "Geography", "Tuan Ling County" was one of the 13 counties of Changsha. Geographical Records", "Tuan" Ling "Tuan", Yan Shigu note as: sound Yixuexuan, and the sound of zhangjia anti-. This is the pronunciation of the word "tea" now. From this phenomenon, the pronunciation of the word "tea" was established earlier than the establishment of the character form of "tea".

China's vast territory, a large number of nationalities, and therefore in the language and writing is also colorful, the same thing has a variety of names, the same name and a variety of ways to write.

In ancient history, the name of the tea is a lot of, to the middle of the Tang Dynasty, tea sound, shape, meaning has tended to unify, and later, Lu Yu "tea scripture" widely circulated, "tea" glyphs have been further established, until today.

In ancient Chinese literature, very early on, there are records of tea, and with different origins and different names. China's tea as early as the Western Han Dynasty has been spread abroad, the Han Emperor Wu Di had sent an envoy to the Indochina Peninsula, the items brought in addition to gold, brocade, silk, but also tea. North and south dynasty qi wudi yongming years, Chinese tea with the export of silk, porcelain to Turkey. Tang Shunzong Yongzhen yuan year, Japan's most Cheng Zen master returned to China, China's tea seeds back to Japan. Later, tea from China continued to spread around the world, so that many countries began to grow tea, and the habit of drinking tea.

But some people have been able to find evidence that tea was not only invented by the Chinese, but also in other parts of the world, such as India and Africa.

In 1823, a major in a British invasion force found large wild tea trees in India, and some people began to think that tea originated in India, or at least in India. China, of course, there are also records of wild large tea trees, are concentrated in the southwest, the record also contains individual areas of Gansu, Hunan. The tea tree is a very old dicotyledonous plant, closely related to people's lives.

Tea custom is a folk custom, it is the accumulation of national traditional culture, but also people's mind

reflection of the state of mind, it is centered on tea activities throughout people's lives, and in the traditional

based on the evolution of people's cultural life, it is rich in content, each showing the wind

picking: ① Tea and weddings: the relationship between tea and wedding, simply put, in the wedding, the wedding is the most important thing. The relationship between tea and weddings is simply the application of tea in weddings

as part of the etiquette. When did it start? From the Tang Taizong Zhenguan fifteen years (641 years), Wencheng

princess into Tibet, according to the rituals of their own ethnicity to bring tea began, so far there have been more than 1300 years. Tang

Then, the wind of tea is very prevalent, the social custom of tea, tea has become an indispensable gift for marriage.

Song, from the original dowry gifts for women's marriages evolved into the bride price for men to women. To

Yuan Ming, "tea ceremony" is almost synonymous with marriage. A woman hired for a tea ceremony is called "eating tea".

The girl by the tea ceremony is a moral marriage. The Qing Dynasty still retains the concept of tea ceremony.

Good women do not eat two tea," said. As the nature of the tea does not move, the seeds are still in the blossom, known as the mother and child

meet, indicating fidelity and unshakeable. Such as "Dream of the Red Chamber" book, Wang Xifeng gave Lin Daiyu tea,

witty: "You have eaten my family's tea, how not to do my family's daughter-in-law." Nowadays,

many rural villages in China are still engaged to be married, called "tea", "eat tea", the betrothal of the fixed

gold called "tea gold", the bride price The wedding ceremony is called "Tea Gift" and so on. In the wedding with tea as a gift of the custom

, also generally popular in all ethnic groups. Mongolian engaged to marry, said the relatives are to bring tea to show that love is precious

. Hui, full Kazakh engagement, the male to the female gifts are tea. The Hui said the

marriage for the "fixed tea", "eat happy tea", the Manchu said "under the big tea".

As for welcoming the bride or marriage ceremony with tea, there are gifts, mainly for the groom, the bride

"Cup Tea", "Hehe Tea", or to the parents of the honored "Thank you for the tea! "

The ceremony of Crossing Cup Tea, Harmony Tea, or Thanksgiving Tea to parents and elders.

In short, from ancient times to the present, many places in our country, in every process of marriage, the past

The past can not be separated from the tea for rituals.

②Tea and the sacrificial marinade: China to tea for the sacrifice, roughly in the North and South Dynasties gradually emerged. South

North Dynasty Qi Wu Di Xiao Yi Yongming eleven years (493 years) said: "I do not want to sacrifice animals on the spirit of caution,

Only set up the cake, tea, dry rice, wine and preserved only, heavenly noble and lowly, salty and this system." Xiao

Yi, Emperor Wu of Qi

, one of the few more frugal rulers of the Southern Dynasties, advocated the use of tea as a sacrifice, taking folk rituals

and absorbing them into the funeral rites of the ruling class and encouraging and popularizing the system.

The use of tea as a funeral offering is only one kind of sacrificial rite. China's sacrificial activities, there are sacrifices

tian, earth, stove, God, immortal, Buddha, can not be exhaustive. Ancient tea as a sacrifice, a

generally have such three forms: in the tea bowl, tealight in the tea water; do not boil bubble only dry tea;

not put tea, long placed teapot, teapot as a symbol.

Many of our brotherly peoples, there is also the habit of tea as a sacrifice. Such as the Bunun people's sacrifices to the land

activities, the first and fifteenth of each month, by the whole walled village families take turns to the temple light tea, praying for the land

God to protect the whole walled village people and animals peace. Offerings are simple, mainly with tea. Lijiang, Yunnan Province, such as the Na

Xi, young and old, men and women, in the death of the fast-expirating, to the mouth of the deceased to put some silver,

tea and rice, they believe that only then the dead can go to the "God's land".

The ritual activities of tea as a sacrifice, can be said to be the development process of tea culture derived from

a kind of feudal superstition with the subculture. But it truly reflects the historical phenomenon of mankind.

③ Tea drinking customs: China's vast territory, the population, a large number of ethnic groups, their tea drinking customs

thousands of different styles, each presented style. Wuyishan tea drinking customs, since ancient times, there are tea to be

guests, tea friends, tea fellowship and other forms. Tea drinking customs inherited from ancient times are still visible in

some rural areas or tea ceremony halls. Formed a unique tea culture.