Historical figures _ fables

10 inspirational stories of historical figures 1, product courage, lying salary

During the Spring and Autumn Period, wuyue and China were adjacent to each other and often fought. On one occasion, the King of Wu led troops to attack the state of Yue, and was hit by Gu Ling, the general of Gou Jian, the king of Yue, and finally died of serious injuries. After the death of the King of Wu, his son Fu Cha succeeded to the throne. Three years later, Fu Cha led troops to attack Yue State to avenge his father. In 497 BC, the two countries fought in Fujiao, and Wu won a great victory. Gou Jian, the King of Yue, was forced to retreat to Huiji. The prince of Wu sent troops to pursue him and besieged Gou Jian on Huiji Mountain. The situation is very critical. At this time, Gou Jian listened to the doctor's tactics, prepared some gold and silver treasures and some beautiful women, sent someone to secretly give them to Wu Taizai, and pleaded with the king of Wu through Taizai, and finally agreed to the peace of the King of Yue Gou Jian. However, Wu Zixu of the State of Wu thought that he could not make peace with the State of Yue, otherwise it would be tantamount to releasing the tiger to the mountain, but the king of Wu would not listen. After the surrender of Gou Jian, the King of Yue, he took his wife to Wu. They live in a stone house next to Focha's father's grave and raise horses. Every time he travels in Fu Cha, Gou Jian always follows him respectfully with a whip. Later, Fu Cha, the king of Wu, became ill. In order to show his loyalty to Fu Cha, Gou Jian personally tasted Fu Cha's stool to judge the date of Fu Cha's recovery. The date of Fu Cha's illness coincides with Gou Jian's prediction. Fu Cha thought Gou Jian was loyal to him, so he put him and his wife back in Yue. After returning to China, Gou Jian, King of Yue, was determined to avenge himself. In order not to forget the national humiliation, he slept on the firewood, and there was a gall hanging in the place where he sat, indicating that he did not forget the national humiliation and the national disaster. After ten years' accumulation, the State of Yue finally changed from a weak country to a strong one, and finally defeated the State of Wu, who committed suicide in shame.

2. Smell the chicken dancing

Legend has it that Zu Ti, the general of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, was ambitious when he was young. Every time I talk to my good friend Liu Kun about the current situation, he is always impassioned and indignant. In order to serve the country, as soon as they heard the cock crow in the middle of the night, they got up in clothes, drew their swords and practiced martial arts, and worked hard. This is the origin of the idiom "smell the chicken dancing". Synonym: self-improvement.

3, hanging beam thorn

The story of "Hanging Beam": See "A View of Taiping" (Volume 363), quoted from Han Shu. "Taiping Yu Lan" contains: "Sun Nai is a treasure of literature, eager to learn, and never stops in the morning and evening. When you are tired of sleeping, tie your head with a rope and hang the housing beam. Later, it was a great scholar. " Sun Jing went to Luoyang Imperial College to study. He studies from morning till night every day and often forgets to eat and sleep. After a long time, he would be too tired to doze off, so he found a rope, one end of which was tied to the beam and the other end was tied to his hair. When he dozes off while reading, the rope will pull his hair and hurt his scalp, so that people will naturally not doze off and can continue to study. Since then, he has used this method every night when studying. This is the story of Sun Jing's Hanging Beam. After studying hard year after year, Sun Jing read many poems and became a great scholar. The story of "stabbing stocks" can be found in "National Policy Qin Ce I": "(Su Qin) was sleepy when he was studying, stabbed his stock with an awl and bled a foot." Su Qin was a famous strategist in the Warring States Period. Luoyang (Taiping Village, Li Lou Township) was from Nathan Scott Lee in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. When he was young, he was ambitious and studied with Guiguzi for many years. In order to gain fame, he sold his family property, bought gorgeous clothes, and went to the State of Qin to lobby King Hui of Qin, hoping to gradually unify China with the skill of Lian Heng, which was not adopted. Because I stayed in Qin for too long, I was exhausted and had to go home in rags. Relatives were cold to him when they saw that he was helpless. Su Qin was ashamed and determined to study hard, so he took out the book Yin Fu given to him by his master and studied hard day and night. He prepared an awl when he was reading. When he dozed off, he stabbed himself in the thigh with an awl, forcing himself to wake up and concentrate on reading. After doing this for a year, he traveled around the world again. This time, Qi, Chu, Yan, Han, Zhao and Wei were finally persuaded to "unite vertically" against Qin, and kept the seal of the six countries. Su Qin signed a treaty with six countries to jointly fight against Qin, and issued a treaty to the State of Qin, which made the King of Qin 15 years afraid to peep at Hangu Pass. This is the story of Su Qin's "stabbing stocks".

I won't list them one by one. Write down the following idioms. Go and look for it.

4. Chengmen Sydney

5, iron pestle into a needle

6, cut the wall to borrow light

Step 7 focus (attention)

8. Fireflies reflect snow

9. The stone is open

10 where there is a will, there is a way.

Stupid birds have to start flying early.

Drip wears away the stone-persistence is success.

etc

The story of 20 historical figures Cao Cao (155-220) Cao Cao, namely Wei Wudi.

The word Meng De. Pei Guoqiao (now Hao County, Anhui Province) was born.

A famous politician, strategist and writer in the Three Kingdoms period. At the age of 20, Ju Xiaolian was appointed as Lang, deputy commander in the north of Luoyang and equal post in Jinan.

Cao Cao. Cao Cao gradually expanded his military strength in suppressing the yellow turban insurrectionary uprising.

In the third year of Chuping (A.D. 192), Cao occupied Yanzhou and lured some Qingzhou Yellow Scarf Army, making it "Qingzhou Army". The first year of Jian 'an (196), Xian Di Xu (now Henan).

Later, he gave orders in his own name and successively leveled the separatist forces such as Lu Bu. After the battle of Guandu defeated Yuan Shao, the northern part of China was gradually unified. In the 13th year of Jian 'an (2008), he became prime minister, led more than 200,000 troops south, and launched the famous Battle of Red Cliffs in history, which was defeated by Sun Quan and Liu Bei.

21 years of Jian 'an) Wang Wei. After his death, his son Xelloss proclaimed himself emperor and made him Wei Wudi.

Cao Cao reclaimed land in the north to build water conservancy before his death, which solved the problem of insufficient rations and played a certain role in the recovery of agricultural production. Employ people on their merits, break the secular concept of men and women, attract the middle and lower classes of the landlord class, restrain the strongmen and strengthen centralization. In the ruling area, the social economy has been restored and developed.

He is a good soldier and has written books such as Sun Tzu's Art of War and Sun Tzu's Art of War. Cao Cao not only showed outstanding talents in politics, economy and military affairs, but also made great achievements in literature.

Cao Cao and his sons, Cao Pi and Cao Zhi, were leaders of the literary world at that time. Under their advocacy and promotion, the creation of this period became a dazzling chapter in the history of China literature-what people usually call "Jian 'an Literature".

There are more than 20 poems by Cao Cao and more than 40 essays. His poems all adopted the theme of ancient Yuefu, inherited the fine tradition of Yuefu folk songs in Han Dynasty, and created something, which had a positive impact on the development of five-character poems.

Hao's "Looking at the Sea" and other articles are magnificent, generous and sad, and praised by future generations. Prose is also neat.

He is good at expressing his thoughts directly in simple and rich language, without the disadvantages of elegance and glitz. Lu Xun called him "the founder of reform articles".

The representative works of prose include "Let the County Know Your Story" and so on. The posthumous work "Wei Wudi Collection" has been lost, and there are collections of Ming people.

-.-about 105 1) inventor of the northern song dynasty. Huizhou (now Shexian County, Anhui Province) people.

Inventor of movable type printing. China was the first country to invent printing technology. The early printing method was to engrave pictures and texts on wooden boards and print them with ink. At present, this method is still used in the watermark painting of wooden boards, which is collectively called "engraving printing technology".

The predecessor of block printing is the popular seal cutting in BC and the rubbings of inscriptions that appeared in the fifth century. After the emergence of production technologies such as papermaking and ink making, rigid printing was gradually invented.

By the Tang Dynasty, rigid printing had become very popular in China, and spread to Korea, Japan, Vietnam, the Philippines, Iran and other countries, affecting Africa and Europe. After 1 1 century, with the development of social production, there have been many major reforms and inventions in printing.

During the Song Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty (A.D. 104 1), Bi Sheng initiated the clay type edition, which made the printing of books more convenient. According to Shen Kuo's Meng Qian Bi Tan, Bi Sheng invented lettering on a piece of cement, one word at a time, which became movable type after hard burning.

Before typesetting, coat a layer of paper ash mixed with turpentine and wax on the iron plate with iron frame, arrange the movable type on it in turn, heat it to melt the wax slightly, and flatten the words with a flat plate. Because the clay characters are on the iron plate, they can be printed like engraving. In addition, he also studied the typesetting of wooden movable type.

Movable type can be used many times, which is more economical and convenient than full-page carving. - .

"Guan" is the name of Guan Zhong and Qi; "Le" is a famous name of Le Yi, the state of Yan. They all helped the monarch to establish outstanding feats.

Guan zhong (? -* * Five years BC), whose real name is Yi Wu, whose middle name is Jing Jing, also known as Yingshang, Anhui, was a famous politician and philosopher of Qi in the early Spring and Autumn Period. He assisted Qi Huangong (Xiaobai) of the State of Qi, made a comprehensive reform of domestic and foreign policies, and formulated a series of policies and strategies to enrich the people.

He collected taxes reasonably to reduce the burden on farmers in order to realize "people's wealth" and "people's security"; Improve the state management system, develop civilian armed forces, and unify military and political leadership; Use national strength to develop salt and iron industry and increase fiscal revenue; Take the diplomatic strategy of "respecting the king and rejecting foreign countries" and take the initiative in diplomacy. He reigned for three years and ruled the country together, becoming the "head of the five tyrants".

Guan Zhong's achievements are not only related to his own talents, but also related to his ability to know people and selflessly recommend talents. Guan Zhong and Bao were friends when they were young.

When they did business together and distributed profits, Guan Zhong privately took away twice as much property as Bao. Others are unfair, Bao said. This is not because he is greedy for money, but because his family is poor.

The two men led the troops to fight, took the lead, and personally took the arrow stone, but they rushed in the back and retreated in front. Others said that Bao said that it was not because he was afraid of death, but because he had an old mother at home.

Bao's spirit of tolerating others deeply touched Guan Zhong. He said, "My parents gave birth to me, but the steamed stuffed bun knows me". Later, Bao overcame many difficulties and introduced Guan Zhong to build an altar to worship, but he was willing to come second.

Sima Qian said with emotion: what the world values is not Guan Zhong, a saint, but his ability to know people by writing. Guan Zhong's achievements are closely related to Qi Huangong's generosity, knowing people well and employing people without doubt.

Guan Zhong originally helped Xiaobai's brother and son to correct it. It is futile to correct and strive for a position. Guan Zhong once shot an arrow at Xiao Bai, and Xiao Bai had to take off before he faked his death.

Later, after Zi Zheng died, Xiao Bai became the head of State of Qi. He respected corporal xian, let bygones be bygones, accepted Bao's recommendation, and resolutely sealed Guan Zhong. When Qi Huangong personally went to the suburbs to meet Guan Zhong, when they entered the city in the same car, "people were shocked".

Later, someone slandered Guan Zhong, but Qi Huangong didn't believe it and retorted. He also trusted Guan Zhong more, honoring him as "Guan Zhong", and made it clear that "major national policies should be brought before me, implemented to a certain extent, and governed by Guan Zhong".

In this way, Guan Zhong can display his intelligence and achieve something. - 。

Stories of ancient characters in the fifth grade-looking for short stories of ancient historical celebrities; I want to tell a story on the stage. I want to tell a story far from home. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Jin Xiangong listened to rumors, killed Prince Shen Sheng, and sent someone to arrest Shen Sheng's younger brother Zhong Er.

Zhong Er heard the news, fled the state of Jin, and forgot about it for more than ten years. After many hardships, Zhong Er came to the State of Chu.

King Chu Cheng thought that Zhong Er would make great achievements in the future, so he greeted him with the courtesy of other countries and treated him as a distinguished guest. One day, the King of Chu gave a banquet in honor of Zhong Er, and the two chatted, and the atmosphere was very harmonious.

Suddenly, the king of Chu asked Zhong Er, "If one day you return to the State of Jin and become a monarch, how can you repay me?" Zhong Er thought for a moment and said, "Beautiful women are waiting for you, precious silk. You have many precious poultry feathers and ivory leather, which are even more abundant in Chu. How can Jin Jin have any rare things for your king? " The king of Chu said, "Your son is too modest. Having said that, you should show me something, right? " Zhong Er replied with a smile, "Thanks to you.

If I can really return to China to be in power, I would like to get along well with your country. If one day, Jin Chu goes to war, I will definitely order the troops to retreat first (one government equals three miles). If I can't get your forgiveness, I will fight you again. "

Four years later, Zhong Er really returned to the State of Jin and became a monarch. This is the famous Jin Wengong in history. The state of Jin became stronger and stronger under his rule.

In 633 BC, the two armies of Chu and Jin fought. In order to fulfill his promise, Jin Wengong ordered the troops to retreat 90 miles and stay in Chengpu.

When Chu Jun saw that 8 Jin J was retreating, he thought the other side was afraid and immediately pursued it. The Jin army took advantage of the weakness of the Chu army's pride in underestimating the enemy, concentrated its forces and defeated the Chu army greatly, and won the battle of Chengpu.

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China historical figures short stories, short stories 1 selling horses in Qin Qiong.

[Interpretation] Qin Qiong: First name. Metaphor hero's ending

[Source] Chu Qingren won the romance of Sui and Tang Dynasties

His name is Uncle Bao, and he is from Shandong. He was the founding hero of the Tang Dynasty, participated in the Wagang Army Uprising in Henan, and was a general of ancient Shimi. After the collapse of the wagang army, Qin gradually became a general under his leadership.

Qin enjoys a high reputation among the people, because the two novels, Romance of Sui and Tang Dynasties and Shuo Tang Dynasty, both emphasize Qin. In The Romance of Sui and Tang Dynasties and Said Tang Dynasty, there are stories about Qin Qiong selling horses. It is said that Qin Qiong was in trouble in Luzhou, so poor that he couldn't even afford to stay in a hotel. First he pawned his personal weapon, the golden double mace, and then he forced himself to sell his mount, Huang Ma. But people are unlucky, everything goes wrong, and no one even wants a horse. Fortunately, when I met an old man selling firewood, I was moved by compassion and led Qin to say, "There is an Erxian Village outside Ximenwai 15. The owner of the village is Shan Hao Xiong Xin, ranking second. People call it Second Hospital. I want to buy a good horse for my friends. " Qin Qiong heard about Dan Xiong Xin's name in Luzhou for a long time, so he introduced him to Erxian Village to meet Mr. Yamaji. Ashamed to say his real name and surname, he only called Wang and took the horse price and left. Later, Dan Xiong Xin learned from others that the horse was sold by Qin Qiong of Jinan, Shandong Province, and immediately caught up with him, holding Qin Qiong's face and saying, "Uncle Bao, you want to kill Shan Cecilia Yip."

Call a deer a horse

Therefore, like the ginger in the Water Margin, those in "Said Tang" are worshipped by heroes all over the world.

People often use the metaphor of "referring to a deer as a horse" to confuse black and white and reverse right and wrong.

It is still everywhere that deer is a horse! Japan insists that China is Japanese territory; Liars regard discarded electronic parts as cutting-edge computer pesticides; Fraudulent use of artificially cultivated ginseng as Korean wild ginseng ...

"Calling a deer a horse" comes from a historical story. After the death of Qin Shihuang, Zhao Gao and Li Si were dictatorial. In order to keep their power, they forged the "imperial edict", which made Fu Su, the eldest son of Qin Shihuang who should have inherited the throne, commit suicide, and controlled Hu Hai, the second son of Qin Wang, to become Qin Ershi. Zhao Gao became the prime minister of higher vocational education, trying to overthrow Hu Hai and usurp the imperial power. Zhao Gao is cunning and insidious. He knew that he came from a humble background and all the ministers refused to obey him. In order to test the attitude of officials from all walks of life to him, one day, Zhao Gao pulled a deer and said to Hu Hai in front of all the ministers, "Your Majesty, take this good horse that I have worked so hard to find!" Hu Hai said with a smile, "Is the Prime Minister mistaken? You brought a deer. Wow, where is the good horse? " Zhao Gao ignored the emperor's words, but carefully observed the reactions of people around him. Some people echoed with Zhao Gao, while others told the truth that it was a deer rather than a horse.

As a result, those who told the truth were all killed by Zhao Gao's design. Since then, "referring to a deer as a horse" has been forgotten.

Kong Rong (A.D. 153~208), a writer in the Eastern Han Dynasty, wrote short stories of ancient historical figures. Lu (now Qufu, Shandong Province) was the 20th grandson of Confucius. As the head of the famous seven sons of Jian 'an at that time, he was very talented. Kong Rong was one of the righteous representatives of the gentry at that time. He was upright in Geng Jie and proud all his life. In the end, he was taboo by Cao Cao, which constituted a crime in vain and abandoned the city in prison.

Kong Rong had five brothers and one younger brother when he was a child.

One day, I ate pears at home. A plate of pears was placed in front of everyone, and my brother asked my brother to take it first. Guess what pear Kong Rong is holding? He doesn't pick the good ones, he doesn't pick the big ones, he only takes the smallest ones. Dad was very happy after seeing it. Although the child is only four years old, he is really sensible. He deliberately asked Kong Rong, "There are so many pears, you should take them first. Why not take the big one and only the smallest one? "

Kong Rong replied: "I am young and should bring the youngest;" The big one is for my brother. "

The father asked him again, "You have a younger brother, isn't he younger than you?"

Kong Rong said, "I am older than my brother. I'm my brother. I should leave the old one to my brother. "

You see, how well Kong Rong speaks. His father smiled: "Good boy, good boy, really good boy."

Kong Rong is four years old and knows how to make pears. Make way for brothers, make way for brothers. Everyone speaks highly of him.