How to distinguish eukaryotic cells from prokaryotic cells

The size of (1) is different: prokaryotic cells are small and eukaryotic cells are large.

(2) There are differences in species: bacteria, cyanobacteria, actinomycetes, chlamydia and mycoplasma; Animals, plants, fungi, Chlamydomonas, green algae, red algae, etc.

(3) Different cell walls: Prokaryotes are peptidoglycan, while eukaryotes are cellulose and pectin.

(4) Cytoplasmic organelles are different: Prokaryotes do not contain complicated organelles, but some can carry out photosynthesis and aerobic respiration. These sites are located in cytoplasm matrix and cell membrane respectively. Such as photosynthetic bacteria, cyanobacteria and nitrifying bacteria.

Mature mesophyll cells in higher plants are unique: cell walls, vacuoles and chloroplasts. Lower plant cells are unique: cell walls, vacuoles, chloroplasts and centrosomes. Animal cells are unique: centrosomes, (without cell walls, chloroplasts and large vacuoles).

(5) The inheritance of prokaryotes does not follow Mendel's inheritance law, and its variation depends on gene mutation, so cells cannot undergo mitosis and meiosis. The inheritance of eukaryotes follows Mendel's inheritance law, and its variation sources include gene mutation, gene recombination and chromosome variation.

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