Three answers to the assignment "Special Topics on Ancient Poetry"

Thematic assignment of ancient poetry and prose 1

Let me talk about your understanding of Han Yuefu's "sense of sadness and joy, all due to things".

A: As far as the artistic features of Yuefu poetry are concerned, its "sense of sadness and joy, starting from things" is mainly manifested in the skillful narrative techniques and the simplicity and purity of emotional expression.

(1) Narrative achievements of Han Yuefu;

(1) The Book of Songs is mainly lyrical, and so is The Songs of the South. The narrative poems in Han Yuefu have greatly increased compared with the first two, and these narrative poems are also the most essential parts of Yuefu poems.

② The narrative technique of Han Yuefu is ingenious, reaching a high artistic level.

③ A short narrative poem is often a scene of life.

(4) A slightly longer poem is to select several fragments of life, supplemented by refined expressions, to convey the main idea.

⑤ Han Yuefu has created many vivid artistic images for us. Yuefu poetry is good at using expressive artistic techniques to portray characters and highlight their personalities. Such as detailed description, vivid dialogue, layer-by-layer comparison and so on.

(2) The simplicity and purity of Yuefu poetry. The styles of Yuefu poems in the Han Dynasty are different, either deep and graceful, or straightforward, or sad, or impassioned, but they are all unified in the simple overall style. Simplicity means that the emotional expression of Yuefu poems is often unpretentious, plain and smooth, natural and natural, with natural artistic effects. Its language is also "qualitative but not vulgar, shallow and profound, and then far away", which can especially reflect its simple and pure lyric characteristics.

Second, combined with the works, what are the folk literature characteristics of the poem Peacock Flying Southeast?

A: Gu is the ancestor or variant of Peacock Flying Southeast, and Peacock Flying Southeast is the combination of this ancestor or several such ancestors, which makes Peacock Flying Southeast have obvious folk creative characteristics and romantic colors. For example:

(1) It is a common artistic technique in folk songs to praise Liu Lanzhi's diligence and cleverness repeatedly through Liu Lanzhi himself and Liu Lanzhi's mother.

(2) In the last paragraph of the poem, pine, cypress and sycamore are used, with branches and leaves connected, mandarin ducks facing each other and singing at dusk, which symbolizes the immortality of Jiao Zhongqing's love and the pursuit of an ideal life, and is also a commonly used treatment method in folk literature.

(3) After the Wei and Jin Dynasties, the stories of double suicide between husband and wife are common, such as Han Ping and Liang Zhu merging into butterflies, which are widely circulated, but in poetry, the peacock flying southeast is the earliest.

Thirdly, it analyzes the differences in theme and emotional expression between folk songs in the Southern Dynasty and those in the Northern Dynasty.

A: Compared with the folk songs of the Southern Dynasties, the social life reflected by the folk songs of the Northern Dynasties is much broader. The rough, bold, simple and vigorous folk songs in the Northern Dynasties are in sharp contrast with the soft, tactful and touching folk songs in the Southern Dynasties. The folk songs of the Northern Dynasties did not have much embellishment, and there were no puns and metaphors commonly used in the Southern Dynasties. They don't describe the scenery in detail, and they don't pursue the fluency of rhyme. They are simply magnificent, real and touching. Although many folk songs are translated, we can still feel this distinctive feature, which is lacking in the weak poetic style of the Southern Dynasties. This later poet provided important conditions for integrating the strengths of the North and the South and opening up a new realm.

Fourthly, analyze how Du Fu's new Yuefu poems satirize what happened at that time.

A: It is mainly reflected in the content of Du Fu's new Yuefu poems, and most of Du Fu's "Zou" style Yuefu poems reflect social reality, mainly in the following aspects:

(1) exposes the militancy of the rulers, and this kind of poem is represented by Chedian.

(2) Revealed the arrogance and extravagance of the rulers and their oppression of the people.

(3) Expose the harm of An Shi Rebellion to the people, represented by "three officials" and "three points".

5. What are the linguistic features of the Yuefu in Han Dynasty and Yuefu in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties? What influence did these characteristics have on later poetry creation?

First, the characteristics of Han Yuefu in language form:

As far as its content is concerned, its "sense of sadness and joy, starting from things" is mainly reflected in comprehensively and profoundly reflecting the real social life and individual life experience of the lower class, with special emphasis on reflecting the hardships and pains of their lives, thus revealing the sharpness of social contradictions; As far as its artistic characteristics are concerned, its "sadness and joy, starting from things" is mainly manifested in skillful narrative skills and simplicity and purity of emotional expression.

The influence of Han Yuefu is mainly manifested in the following aspects: First, Han Yuefu's poems follow richness and elegance, face reality directly, expose social contradictions, and show people's real and rich emotional world. Secondly, the influence of Han Yuefu folk songs is also reflected in the creation of new poetic forms. The folk songs of Yuefu in Han Dynasty used a new poetic style: miscellaneous words and five words, which broke the tradition of four words since the Book of Songs. Thirdly, the folk songs of Han Yuefu have a great influence on artistic techniques, especially on the writing skills of narrative poems.

Linguistic features of Yuefu in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties;

In terms of art, the system of folk songs in the Southern Dynasties is small, mostly five words and four sentences. The language is fresh and natural, not fake. As the "Song of Midnight" said: "There are hundreds of ballads, and midnight is the most pitiful. Generously spit out the sound and naturally turn it out. " "Poetry and bamboo songs ring, and the fake device raises the voiceless sound. I don't know how wonderful the song is, but the momentum is exported. " Wu Ge and Chinese operas are good at using puns to reconcile implied meanings, such as "even" to reconcile "even" and "lotus" to reconcile "pity". Not only that, the folk songs of the Southern Dynasties also formed a strict expression form when using puns and harmony, that is, the first sentence stated its language and the second sentence explained its meaning. Such as: "If you have a good impression, move to a village. In front of Tongshusheng, I went in and out to see Wuzi. " "Woods" in the poem means "my son" and means lover.

Folk songs in the Southern Dynasties had a great influence on literati poetry at that time. After Bao Zhao and Tang Huixiu, many poets in the Southern Dynasties made sketches, and the appearance of palace poems was directly related to the influence of folk songs in the Southern Dynasties. After the Tang and Five Dynasties, many small poems describing eroticism between men and women were also greatly influenced by folk songs in the Southern Dynasties in terms of artistic conception and language. Many poets in the Tang Dynasty also benefited from it. For example, Li Bai's Long March was influenced by Xizhou Qu.

Compared with the folk songs of the Southern Dynasties, the social life reflected by the folk songs of the Northern Dynasties is much broader. The bold, rough, simple and vigorous folk songs in the Northern Dynasty are in sharp contrast with the gentle, charming, beautiful and tactfully moving folk songs in the Southern Dynasty. The folk songs of the Northern Dynasties did not have much embellishment, and there were no puns and metaphors commonly used in the Southern Dynasties. They don't describe the scenery in detail, and they don't pursue smooth sound and rhyme. They are simply magnificent, real and touching. The length of folk songs in the Northern Dynasties is not long, mostly five words and four sentences.